vitamin-b-12 and Hookworm-Infections

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Child; Child, Preschool; Feces; Female; Fever; Folic Acid; Hemoglobinopathies; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Infant; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Malaria; Male; Pregnancy; Protozoan Infections; Schistosomiasis; Vitamin B 12

Studies conducted in high income countries have shown that anaemia is a common medical condition among older people, but such data are scarce in Africa. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence, types, risk factors and clinical correlates of anaemia in older people.. Participants were aged (≥ 50) years recruited from a general population cohort from January 2012 to January 2013. Blood samples were collected for assessing hemoglobin, serum ferritin, serum vitamin B12, serum folate, C-reactive protein, malaria infection and stool samples for assessment of hookworm infection. HIV status was assessed using an algorithm for HIV rapid testing. Questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics and other risk factors for anaemia.. In total, 1449 people participated (response rate 72.3%). The overall prevalence of anaemia was 20.3 % (95% CI 18.2-22.3%), and this was higher for males (24.1%, 95% CI=20.7-27.7%) than females (17.5%, 95% CI=15.0-20.1%). In males, the prevalence of anaemia increased rapidly with age almost doubling between 50 and 65 years (p-trend<0.001). Unexplained anaemia was responsible for more than half of all cases (59.7%). Anaemia was independently associated with infections including malaria (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.78-6.82), HIV (OR 2.17, 1.32-3.57) heavy hookworm infection (OR 3.45, 1.73-6.91), low fruit consumption (OR 1.55, 1.05-2.29) and being unmarried (OR 1.37 , 95% CI 1.01-1.89). However, the odds of anaemia were lower among older people with elevated blood pressure (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.77).. Anaemia control programmes in Uganda should target older people and should include interventions to treat and control hookworms and educational programs on diets that enhance iron absorption. Clinicians should consider screening older people with HIV or malaria for anaemia. Further studies should be done on unexplained anaemia and serum ferritin levels that predict iron deficiency anaemia in older people.

Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Anemia; Blood Pressure; C-Reactive Protein; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Ferritins; Folic Acid; Hemoglobins; HIV Seropositivity; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Malaria; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Rural Population; Sex Factors; Uganda; Vitamin B 12

Haematological and parasitological investigations were carried out on apparently healthy subjects in a rural area of Natal. Anaemia was highly prevalent and of a moderate to severe degree (haemoglobin value less than 11,0 g/dl) in 42% of males and 52,5% of females. In 50% of subjects the anaemia was hypochromic and iron deficiency appeared to be the major contributing factor. However, failure to utilize iron, giving rise to hypochromia, was not excluded as a complicating factor. Subnormal serum vitamin B12 levels were found in some subjects, and this frequently coexisted with iron deficiency. The presence of parasites was not considered to have contributed to the production of anaemia. It was concluded that the anaemia was to a large extent nutritional in origin.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anemia; Black or African American; Black People; Child; Female; Ferritins; Hemoglobins; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Iron; Male; Middle Aged; Parasitic Diseases; Rural Population; Schistosomiasis; Sex Factors; South Africa; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Iron; Male; Military Medicine; Thailand; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Folic Acid; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iron; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Platelets; Blood Volume; Bone Marrow; Chlorambucil; Erythrocyte Count; Erythropoietin; Female; Hemoglobins, Abnormal; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Polycythemia; Polycythemia Vera; Pruritus; Riboflavin Deficiency; Uric Acid; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Diet; Folic Acid; Hookworm Infections; Iron; Sanitation; Socioeconomic Factors; Sri Lanka; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Ascariasis; Erythrocytes; Folic Acid; Hematocrit; Hemoglobinometry; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Infant Nutrition Disorders; Iron; Nutrition Disorders; Philippines; Protein Binding; Transferrin; Trichuriasis; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anemia, Hypochromic; Chromium Isotopes; Cobalt Isotopes; Female; Folic Acid; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iron; Iron Isotopes; Male; Middle Aged; Parasite Egg Count; Serum Albumin; Tritium; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Hookworm Infections; Humans; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Opisthorchiasis; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Macrocytic; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Erythrocytes; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Africa, Southern; Amebiasis; Anemia; Cooking and Eating Utensils; Diet; Feces; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Giardiasis; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Iron; Male; Nutrition Disorders; Pregnancy; Protein Binding; Transferrin; Trichomonas Infections; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hemoglobins; Hemosiderin; Hookworm Infections; Humans; India; Infant; Iron; Israel; Male; Mexico; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional Requirements; Poland; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Venezuela; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Diagnosis, Differential; Folic Acid; Hemoglobins; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Megakaryocytes; Protein Deficiency; Sprue, Tropical; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Ancylostoma; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Animals; Blood Circulation; Blood Flow Velocity; Cobalt Isotopes; Hemodynamics; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Isotopes; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Metabolism; Radiometry; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Ancylostomatoidea; Ancylostomiasis; Hematinics; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Iron; Protein Deficiency; Toxicology; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Absorption; Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Biopsy; Blood Cell Count; Blood Chemical Analysis; Bone Marrow; Digestion; Fatty Acids; Feces; Folic Acid; Hemoglobins; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestines; Jejunum; Urine; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Folic Acid; Hematinics; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Vitamin B 12