vitamin-b-12 and Ascorbic-Acid-Deficiency

The water-soluble vitamins B6, B12 and C play important roles in maternal health as well as fetal development and physiology during gestation. This systematic review evaluates the risks and benefits of interventions with vitamins B6, B12 and C during pregnancy on maternal, neonatal and child health and nutrition outcomes. Relevant publications were identified by searching PubMed, Popline and Web of Science databases. Meta-analyses were conducted for outcomes where results from at least three controlled trials were available. Potential benefits of vitamin B6 supplementation were reduction in nausea and vomiting, improvement in dental health, and treatment of some cases of anaemia. In meta-analysis based on three small studies, vitamin B6 supplementation had a significant positive effect on birthweight (d = 217 g [95% confidence interval (CI) 130, 304]). Interventions with vitamin C alone or combined with vitamin E did not systematically reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, or other adverse pregnancy outcomes. In meta-analyses, vitamins C and E increased the risk of pregnancy-related hypertension (relative risk 1.10 [95% CI 1.02, 1.19]). Effects of vitamin B6 or C intervention on other neonatal outcomes, including preterm birth, low birthweight, and perinatal morbidity and mortality, were not significant. Data on child health outcomes were lacking. Despite the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency amongst populations with limited intake of animal source foods, no intervention trials have evaluated vitamin B12 supplementation before or during pregnancy. In conclusion, existing evidence does not justify vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy. Additional studies are needed to confirm positive effects of vitamin B6 supplementation on infant birthweight and other outcomes. While vitamin B12 supplementation may reduce the incidence of neural tube defects in the offspring based on theoretical considerations, research is needed to support this hypothesis.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Birth Weight; Child Welfare; Child, Preschool; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Maternal Welfare; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Calcium; Contraceptives, Oral; Copper; Female; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Iron; Metals; Middle Aged; Nicotinic Acids; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Riboflavin Deficiency; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamins; Zinc

Topics: Adult; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Blood Cell Count; Bone Marrow Cells; Erythrocytes; Erythropoiesis; FIGLU Test; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hemolysis; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Humans; Iron; Leukocytes; Liver; Reticulocytes; Scurvy; Tissue Extracts; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Scurvy; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Aged; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Diet; Humans; Male; Pancytopenia; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins

The study aimed to establish the intake of vitamins in an average diet of Warsaw adult inhabitants using 3-day records method. The consumption of vitamin B1 was about 40% lower than recommended, the intake level of vitamin C, B2, PP and B6 was about 20-30% lower than recommended, whilst, folate in the diet realized the norms only in 50%. The intake of vitamins E, A and B12 was higher than recommended. In order to ensure the proper intake of vitamin C, it is recommended to increase the intake of fruit and vegetables rich in this vitamin and their products. In order to increase the participation of vitamin B1, PP, B6 and folate in the diet, a higher consumption of vegetable and vegetable products and bread and cereal products is recommended, however, in order to supply the proper amount of vitamin B2 in the diet it is recommended to increase the intake level of milk and milk products, vegetables and bread and cereal products.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Diet; Diet Records; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Male; Niacinamide; Nutrition Surveys; Nutritional Status; Poland; Retrospective Studies; Urban Population; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamins

Biochemical indices of AA clearly showed that the young men in this study were brought into various states of AA depletion and repletion according to their dietary AA intakes. While previous studies have postulated that supplemental intakes of AA may adversely affect body status of vitamins B6 and B12, we found no changes in the B vitamin status of the young men receiving varying AA intakes. Moderate AA supplementation (605 mg/day) showed no antagonistic effect on markers of vitamins B6 and B12. Blood markers of fat-soluble vitamins A and E and iron status were not affected by AA intakes. The propensity of the gingiva to become inflamed or bleed on probing was reduced after normal (65 mg/day) AA intakes as compared to deficient (5 mg/day) intakes and upon supplementary (605 mg/day) AA intakes as compared to normal intakes. The results suggest that AA status may influence early stages of gingival inflammation and crevicular bleeding, and warrant further study of the relationship between AA and periodontal health.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Gingival Diseases; Humans; Iron; Male; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Periodontal Diseases; Pyridoxine; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin E

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Pyridoxine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamin K; Vitamin K Deficiency; Vitamins

Serum vitamin levels of 40 patients undergoing parenteral nutrition over a 5-to 42-day period were studied while the subjects received daily water-soluble and once weekly fat soluble vitamin formulations intravenously. Initial serum deficiencies of vitamins A, C, and folate were noted in a large portion of the severely malnourished population. At the replacement levels used in this study a small number of patients developed subnormal levels of vitamins A and D. Improvement in levels for vitamin C and folate were noted for most patients. Vitamin B12 deficiencies were not noted in any patient. Currently available commercial vitamin preparations can be used with safety in the parenterally nourished population and recommended guidelines for weekly infusion of both water and fat soluble vitamins are presented.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Child; Female; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Nutritional Requirements; Parenteral Nutrition; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin D; Vitamins

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotinic Acids; Nutritional Requirements; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamins

The nutritional status of 80 patients with non-alcoholic chronic liver disease was assessed by determination of various nutritional parameters in body fluids. With the exception of vitamin C there was a higher incidence (40%) of fat soluble vitamin deficiency (vitamins A, E, and carotene) than of the water soluble vitamins. Less than 10% of patients showed evidence of vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, thiamin, or riboflavin deficiency, and 17% had evidence of folic acid deficiency. The presence of deficiency was not related to age of the patient or fat absorption, and an inadequate dietary intake was not a major cause of deficiency. The incidence of nutritional deficiency is less frequent in non-alcoholic as compared with alcoholic liver disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Carotenoids; Eating; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hepatitis; Humans; Iron; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Niacinamide; Nutrition Disorders; Riboflavin; Transketolase; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin E Deficiency

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Humans; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; Riboflavin Deficiency; Vitamin A; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency

Topics: 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase; Adult; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Child; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Antagonists; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases; Malabsorption Syndromes; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Requirements; Orotic Acid; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase; Thiamine Deficiency; Transferases; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin E Deficiency

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Scurvy; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Aged; Aging; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Germany, West; Humans; Quackery; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adolescent; Adult; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Calcium; Cheilitis; Diet; Dietary Fats; Gangrene; Hemoglobins; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Iron; Leukocyte Count; Magnesium; Magnesium Deficiency; Male; Oligosaccharides; Pain; Prothrombin Time; Tetany; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin D

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; FIGLU Test; Folic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Leucovorin; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Pernicious; Anticonvulsants; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Contraceptives, Oral; Diagnosis, Differential; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Nutritional Requirements; Schilling Test; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Employment; Fatty Liver; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Magnesium Deficiency; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Macrocytic; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Dietary Fats; Folic Acid; Hominidae; Nutritional Requirements; Reticulocytes; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Aminobenzoates; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Biotin; Choline; Drug Synergism; Guinea Pigs; Inositol; Male; Niacinamide; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; Thiamine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Choline; Drug Synergism; Folic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Male; Pantothenic Acid; Pyridoxine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Absorption; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Folic Acid; Humans; Pantothenic Acid; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; DNA; Folic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hematopoietic System; Humans; Nucleic Acids; RNA; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Anemia, Pernicious; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Folic Acid; Humans; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Alpha-Globulins; Amino Acids; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Beta-Globulins; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Proteins; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Celiac Disease; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Endopeptidases; Enterocolitis; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Hypoproteinemia; Iron; Lipoproteins; Niacin; Pellagra; Proteins; Riboflavin Deficiency; Serum Albumin; Serum Globulins; Sprue, Tropical; Tropical Climate; Uzbekistan; Vitamin B 12