vitamin-b-12 and Anemia--Aplastic

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Antineoplastic Agents; Bone Marrow; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Metaplasia; Preleukemia; Prognosis; Syndrome; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Pernicious; Anticoagulants; Chelating Agents; Erythroblastosis, Fetal; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; Female; Fibrinolysis; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hematologic Diseases; Hemoglobinopathies; Hemophilia A; Hemophilia B; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iron; Leukemia; Pregnancy; Splenectomy; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anabolic Agents; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Hypersplenism; Iron; Iron-Dextran Complex; Liver Extracts; Steroids; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Adrenal Insufficiency; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Conjunctivitis; Electrocardiography; Folic Acid; Heart Failure; Hepatitis; Hypertrichosis; Hypopituitarism; Hypothalamus; Leukopenia; Lymph Nodes; Metabolism; Methemoglobinemia; Pharmacology; Phenytoin; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Thrombocytopenia; Thyroid Function Tests; Toxicology; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiviral Agents; Blood Component Transfusion; Drug Therapy, Combination; Filgrastim; Folic Acid; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Interferons; Male; Middle Aged; Oligopeptides; Polyethylene Glycols; Prednisone; Ribavirin; Viremia; Vitamin B 12

Serum erythropoietin (sEpo) concentration is primarily related to the rate of renal production and, under the stimulus of hypoxia, increases exponentially as hemoglobin (Hb) decreases. Additional factors, however, appear to influence sEpo, and in this work, we performed studies to evaluate the role of the red blood cell precursor mass. We first compared the relationship of sEpo with Hb in patients with low versus high erythroid activity. The first group included 27 patients with erythroid aplasia or hypoplasia having serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels < 3 mg/L (erythroid activity < 0.6 times normal), while the second one included 28 patients with beta-thalassemia intermedia having sTfR levels > 10 mg/L (erythroid activity > 2 times normal). There was no difference between the two groups with respect to Hb (8.3 +/- 1.6 v 8.0 +/- 1.3 g/dL, P > .05), but sEpo levels were notably higher in patients with low erythroid activity (1,601 +/- 1,542 v 235 +/- 143 mU/mL, P < . 001). In fact, multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that, at any given Hb level, sEpo was higher in patients with low erythroid activity (P < .0001). Twenty patients undergoing allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were then investigated. A marked increase in sEpo was seen in all cases at the time of marrow aplasia, disproportionately high when compared with the small decrease in Hb level. Sequential studies were also performed in five patients with iron deficiency anemia undergoing intravenous (IV) iron therapy. Within 24 to 72 hours after starting iron treatment, marked decreases in sEpo (up to one log magnitude) were found before any change in Hb level. Similar observations were made in patients with megaloblastic anemia and in a case of pure red blood cell aplasia. These findings point to an inverse relationship between red blood cell precursor mass and sEpo: at any given Hb level, the higher the number of red blood cell precursors, the lower the sEpo concentration. The most likely explanation for this is that sEpo levels are regulated not only by the rate of renal production, but also by the rate of utilization by erythroid cells.

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; beta-Thalassemia; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Erythrocyte Indices; Erythroid Precursor Cells; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Feedback; Folic Acid; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Iron; Kidney; Receptors, Transferrin; Transplantation Conditioning; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adult; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Pernicious; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Primary Myelofibrosis; Reticulin; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Aged; Aging; Alcoholism; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Ferrous Compounds; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Mice; Reference Values; Vitamin B 12

The facts known today about the occurrence and possible mechanisms of anaemias caused by medicaments are represented in a survey. In this connection toxic haemolytic anaemias, immunohaemolytic anaemias, toxic aplastic anaemias, megaloblastic anaemias, and some other, more rarely occurring types are referred to.

Topics: Alcoholism; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Antitubercular Agents; Benzenesulfonates; Bone Marrow; Chloramphenicol; Chromosome Aberrations; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Folic Acid Antagonists; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Preleukemia; Purines; Pyrimidines; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Arginine; Chronic Disease; Erythroblasts; Esterases; Glycogen; Histones; Humans; Iron; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; Methyltransferases; Vitamin B 12

In 11 patients with megaloblastic anemia, transfusion of packed erythrocytes or washed erythrocytes invariably resulted in a decline in plasma iron concentration to a range of 20-90 microgram/dl (3.6-16 mumol/l) after 36 to 48 hours. The same phenomenon was observed in two of six cases of ineffective erythropoiesis without megaloblastosis and in none of five cases of aplastic anemia. The observed changes did not result from a specific hematinic response or from iron uptake by a non-erythroid compartment. In megaloblastic anemia, alteration in marrow function in response to transfusion was reflected by plasma iron kinetics and serum lactate dehydrogenase values, which indicated marked reductions in both marrow hyperplasia and ineffective erythropoiesis. Transfusion in megalobastic anemia was also responsible for a 50% reduction in platelet count after 2 to 6 days. The significance of these changes is discussed.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Blood Cell Count; Blood Platelets; Blood Transfusion; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Iron; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Middle Aged; Reticulocytes; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Diagnosis, Differential; Folic Acid; Humans; Vitamin B 12

Thirty-three gravidae with anemia in spite of iron and vitamin supplementation were examined, and 31 were found to have low or very low serum zinc concentrations with regard to the week of gestation. Twenty-three of the 33 showed no bone marrow haemosiderin or only traces. Thirty showed moderate or great increase in intracellular cell debris in the bone marrow macrophages, indicating an increase in intramedullary cell destruction. Two women showed low serum vitamin B-12 or folate concentrations and they also showed lowest zinc concentrations recorded in the series. Twelve of the 33 women gave birth to mature infants by normal delivery; 21 developed complications during labour or gave birth to immature, dysmature, or, in one case, malformed infants and/or were not delivered at normal term. Low serum zinc in pregnant women increases maternal morbidity and involves a higher risk to the fetus. It is suggested that an aetiological relationship exists between low serum zinc concentrations and refractory anaemia of pregnancy resulting in increased intramedullary cell destruction. This effect might be aggravated by iron deficiency.

Topics: Adult; Anemia, Aplastic; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Count; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Hemosiderin; Humans; Macrophages; Obstetric Labor Complications; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Vitamin B 12; Zinc

The unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity of whole serum (UBBC) and of the three transcobalamins (TC) has been studied in patients with various haematological diseases including myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) and acute leukaemia. The binding capacity of TC I and TC III was increased in MPD; TC I being particularly high in chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and TC III especially raised in polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV) and in infectious leucocytosis. The binding capacity of both TC I and TC III correlated with blood neutrophil count and the ratio TC III/TC I was low in CGL and increased in PRV. TC II was increased in acute myelogenous leukaemia, during remission and blast cell crisis of CGL and in refractory anaemia with excess of myeloblasts but not in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). TC II correlated inversely with blood neutrophil count. There is an inverse ratio between TC II and TC I at least in myelogenous leukaemia. These abnormalities are discussed in relation to granulocyte kinetics. TC III and TC I reflect probably the total body granulocyte pool and share some biochemical and immunological properties supporting the view that they have a common origin in the more mature stages of the granulocyte cell line while TC II probably originates partly in more primitive granulocytes.

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Blood Cell Count; Blood Proteins; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytosis; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Neutrophils; Polycythemia Vera; Primary Myelofibrosis; Transcobalamins; Vitamin B 12

Acquired erythroblastic aplasia of adults is a rare disease characterised by the absence of red cell precursors in the bone marrow. In a 34-year-old female patient the disease has been known for seven years. A partial remission had at first been achieved with glucocorticoids but regular transfusions had been necessary since 1971. Treatment with cyclophosphamide produced a remission which has lasted for over twelve months up to now. Histology of the bone marrow biopsy shows the appearance of active erythropoiesis after cyclophosphamide treatment which reflects well the clinical course.

Topics: Adult; Anabolic Agents; Anemia, Aplastic; Antibody Formation; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Mercaptopurine; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Prognosis; Remission, Spontaneous; T-Lymphocytes; Testosterone; Vitamin B 12

Serum unsaturated vitamin B12-binding capacity (UBBC) has been shown to fluctuate with neutrophil levels and has been reported to correlate with TBGP in normal and hyperleukocytic states. However, the present report demonstrates that the above relationship is not present in neutropenia, suggesting that some of our concepts regarding UBBC may have to be reexamined, since factors other than TBGP appear to be operative. There was a wide scatter of UBBC values among the 39 neutropenic subjects studied, the mean being significantly above normal. There were few low values. High UBBC was primarily confined to subjects with transient neutropenia. Normal values were generally seen in steady neutropenia. The difference in UBBC was primarily due to Transcobalamin I, the other serum binders being similar in both groups. No other significant diagnostic pattern of UBBC was found. Recovery from neutropenia was accompanied by a rise in UBBC in all cases except in four patients whose UBBC was initially very high and fell with recovery. No discernible pattern of serum B12 levels existed, although subnormal levels without evidence of B12 deficiency were found in three of the seven patients with aplastic anemia. Serum B12 levels did not change with recovery in approximately half of the neutropenic subjects, change being variable in the others. Neither serum B12, UBBC, total B12-binding capacity, or any of the three serum B12 binders correlated with neutrophil count, bone marrow findings, TBGP, or granulocyte turnover rate.

Topics: Agranulocytosis; Anemia, Aplastic; Bone Marrow Cells; Carrier Proteins; Granulocytes; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Neutropenia; Neutrophils; Transcobalamins; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Altitude; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Erythropoiesis; Folic Acid; Humans; Polycythemia; Vitamin B 12

The present study has examined the relationship and significance of hypocholesterolaemia to anaemia and to the red cell. The level of plasma cholesterol is closely related to haematocrit levels both initially and throughout the course of the anaemias associated with hypocholesterolaemia. The association is maintained, regardless of the cause of the haematocrit change, i.e. transfusion or response to treatment. Hypocholesterolaemia does not affect the red cell, i.e. its survival, cholesterol concentration or osmotic fragility and occurs in a diverse group of anaemias. As such, it is not causally related to anaemia. The changes in plasma cholesterol are most likely related to its 'redistribution' or to plasma 'dilution', with contributory factors occurring. The presence of anaemia, even to a modest degree, would be important to consider when comparing cholesterol levels between groups of individuals.

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Blood Transfusion; Cholesterol; Erythrocyte Aging; Erythrocytes; Folic Acid; Hematocrit; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Osmotic Fragility; Spherocytosis, Hereditary; Splenectomy; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Blood Transfusion; Diet Therapy; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Iron; Kidney Diseases; Male; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Bone Marrow Examination; Erythrocytes; Erythropoiesis; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hematocrit; Humans; Lacticaseibacillus casei; Lactobacillus; Methods; Myxedema; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Adult; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Duodenal Ulcer; Female; Gastroenterostomy; Humans; Iron; Postoperative Complications; Time Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Blood Cell Count; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Iron; Middle Aged; Nalidixic Acid; Nutrition Disorders; Pyelonephritis; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim; Urea; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Examination; Child; Chromium Isotopes; Deferoxamine; Folic Acid; Heart Failure; Hemosiderosis; Humans; Iron; Iron Chelating Agents; Liver; Male; Mononuclear Phagocyte System; Oxymetholone; Prednisone; Pyridoxine; Spleen; Splenectomy; Tissue Extracts; Transfusion Reaction; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Agranulocytosis; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Bone Marrow; Chronic Disease; Folic Acid; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Muramidase; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Neutrophils; Polycythemia Vera; Protein Binding; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Blood Cell Count; Blood Platelets; Child; Chronic Disease; Erythrocyte Count; Erythrocytes; FIGLU Test; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Androstanes; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Pernicious; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Transfusion; Humans; Iron; Iron-Dextran Complex; Ketones; Splenectomy; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Anabolic Agents; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Female; Humans; Iron; Male; Middle Aged; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Animal Feed; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Volume Determination; Chickens; Copper; Hemorrhage; Iron; Poultry Diseases; Quinoxalines; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Bilirubin; Electrophoresis; Female; FIGLU Test; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hemoglobinometry; Histidine; Humans; Leukocytosis; Paper; Starch; Thrombocytopenia; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Bacteriological Techniques; Child; Child, Preschool; Escherichia coli; Humans; Infant; Methods; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Pernicious; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow Examination; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Cobalt; Drug Therapy; Erythrocytes; Humans; Hydroxocobalamin; Prednisone; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; Testosterone; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Ascorbic Acid; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Humans; Pyridoxine; Testosterone; Twins; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Blood Transfusion; Congenital Abnormalities; Corrinoids; Dextrocardia; Fanconi Anemia; Humans; Iron; Radiography, Thoracic; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Animals; Blood Cell Count; Blood Proteins; Bone Marrow; Cholesterol; Folic Acid; Haplorhini; Hemoglobins; Humans; Metabolism; Papio; Proteins; Research; Riboflavin Deficiency; Tryptophan; Urine; Vitamin B 12; Xanthurenates

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Ascorbic Acid; Benzene; Corrinoids; Diagnosis; Humans; Occupational Diseases; Pancytopenia; Pyridoxine; Toxicology; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Blood Chemical Analysis; Gastritis; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Peptic Ulcer; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Ascorbic Acid; Classification; Corrinoids; Electrocardiography; Folic Acid; Humans; Liver Extracts; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Ascorbic Acid; Bilirubin; Blood Cell Count; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow Examination; Child; Flavonoids; Folic Acid; Hematopoietic System; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Leukopenia; Osteoporosis; Prednisolone; Prednisone; Pyridoxine; Radiography; Riboflavin; Testosterone; Thiamine; Thrombocytopenia; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Transfusion; Child; Corrinoids; Cortisone; Diagnosis; Humans; Iron; Rutin; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin K

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Blood Group Antigens; Cortisone; Erythroblastosis, Fetal; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; Vitamin B 12