vitamin-b-12 and Abortion--Habitual

Homocysteine (Hct) is a substance produced in the metabolism of methionine. It is an essential type of amino acid gained from the daily diet. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation is related to elevated total homocysteine (tHct) expressions, in particular, among women with low folate intake. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHct) is caused by numerous factors, such as genetic defects, lack of folic acid, vitamin B

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Aging; Birth Weight; Diabetes, Gestational; Dietary Supplements; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Placenta; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency

The interplay between female fertility and autoimmune diseases (AIDs) can involve HLA haplotypes and micronutrients. We analyzed the distribution of HLA-DQ2/-DQ8 in women with infertility or recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and possible associations with AIDs and micronutrient status.. Consecutive women (. DQA1*05/B1*02 and the occurrence of at least one DQ2 allele were more prevalent among RSA and infertile women than controls. Infertile women showed lower 25(OH)D and higher prevalence of AIDs than RSA women. In the multivariate analysis, DQA1*05/B1*02 was associated with a significantly higher risk of AIDs in infertile women, and DQA1*05 was independently associated with both 25(OH)D deficiency and AIDs. In RSA women, the presence of AIDs was associated with a significantly higher risk of 25(OH)D deficiency.. Our findings showed, for the first time, a higher proportion of DQ2 alleles in infertile and RSA women as compared to controls. Predisposing DQ2 alleles are independent risk factors for AIDs and 25(OH)D deficiency in infertile women and could represent biomarkers for performing early detection of women requiring individually tailored management.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Alleles; Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; Biomarkers; Female; Ferritins; Folic Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Haplotypes; HLA-DQ Antigens; Humans; Infertility, Female; Micronutrients; Nutritional Status; Pregnancy; Risk Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

To determine the role of homocysteine in women with recurrent miscarriages of unknown causes.. The case-control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from January 2015 to January 2016, and comprised non-pregnant women who were divided into two groups, with Group 1 having those with history of recurrent miscarriage, and control Group 2 having those with good obstetrical history. Detailed history was taken and the subjects underwent full general, gynaecological exam along with ultrasound and laboratory tests, including total serum homocysteine, B12 and folate. The findings were compared between the two groups using SPSS 20.. Of the 100 women, there were 50(50%) in each of the two groups. The homocysteine level in Group significantly exceeded that of control Group 2 (p<0.001). Both B12 and folate levels in Group 1 decreased significantly in comparison with Group 2 (p<0.001). Homocysteine level showed significant reverse correlation with folate levels in Group 1 (p<0.0001). B12 showed the highest sensitivity 96% and specificity 98% in the detection of cases, while homocysteine showed sensitivity of 84% and specificity 80%.. Serum total homocysteine, B12 and folate levels were significantly associated with recurrent miscarriage in women with unknown causes.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Female; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; ROC Curve; Sensitivity and Specificity; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Autoimmune Diseases; Female; Gastritis, Atrophic; Humans; Infertility, Female; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Vitamin B 12

In patients with MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) mutations and hyperhomocysteinemia, recurrent pregnancy loss is a frequent feature. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of folic acid, vitamins B6 and B12 supplementation for the lowering of total homocysteine concentrations and pregnancy. 16 patients who had had 3 or more miscarriages and MTHFR mutations were used in the study. They received methylfolate (5mg/day), vitamin B6 (50mg/day) and vitamin B12 (1mg/week). Supplementation induced a decrease in homocysteine from 19.4±5.3μmol/L to 6.9±2.2μmol/L after folate supplementation (p<0.05). During one year 7 women became pregnant and delivered. Two women delivered from the homozygous C677T mutations group (7 patients) and combined heterozygous C677T/A1298C mutations group (5 patients), while 3 deliveries were in A1298C homozygous mutations group (4 patients). In conclusion, supraphysiologic methylfolate, vitamins B6 and B12 supplementation in woman with MTHFR mutations has a beneficial effect on pregnancy outcome.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Female; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Mutation; Pregnancy; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex

To investigate the association between polymorphisms in genes that encode enzymes involved in folate- and vitamin B12-dependent homocysteine metabolism and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).. We investigated the C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofalate reductase gene (MTHFR), the A2756G polymorphism of the methionine synthase gene (MS) and the 844ins68 insertion of the cystathionine beta synthetase gene (CBS). The PCR technique followed by RFLP was used to assess the polymorphisms; the serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate were investigated by chemiluminescence. The EPI Info Software version 6.04 was used for statistical analysis. Parametric variables were compared by Student's t-test and nonparametric variables by the Wilcoxon rank sum test.. The frequencies of gene polymorphisms in 89 women with a history of idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and 150 controls were 19.1 and 19.6% for the C677T, insertion, 20.8 and 26% for the A1298C insertion, 14.2 and 21.9% for the A2756G insertion, and 16.4 and 18% for the 844ins68 insertion, respectively. There were no significant differences between case and control groups in any of the gene polymorphisms investigated. However, the frequency of the 844ins68 insertion in the CBS gene was higher among women with a history of loss during the third trimester of pregnancy (p=0.003). Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate levels id not differ between the polymorphisms studied in the case and control groups. However, linear regression analysis showed a dependence of serum folate levels on the maintenance of tHcy levels.. The investigated gene polymorphisms and serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate levels were not associated with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage in the present study. Further investigations are needed in order to confirm the role of the CBS 844ins68 insertion in recurrent miscarriage.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adolescent; Adult; Brazil; Case-Control Studies; Female; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Polymorphism, Genetic; Signal Transduction; Vitamin B 12; Young Adult

The present study attempts to understand the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (MTHFR C677T) in recurrent pregnancy losses in North Indian women because of hyperhomocysteinemia in light of serum folate and vitamin B₁₂.. One hundred and seven women with three or more consecutive unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses and 343 women with two or more successful and uncomplicated pregnancies were recruited. Plasma homocysteine, serum folate and vitamin B₁₂ were analyzed using chemiluminescence. MTHFR C677T detection was completed in all subjects.. MTHFR genotypic distribution among cases and controls showed no significant difference (P=0.409). However, MTHFR C677T polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with increased homocysteine in the case group (P=0.031). Hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency were found to be significant risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) (OR=7.02 and 16.39, respectively). Folate deficiency was more common in controls (63.47%) as compared to the case group (2.56%).. Low vitamin B₁₂ increases homocysteine, specifically among T allele carrying case mothers, suggesting T allele is detrimental with B₁₂ deficiency. The study emphasizes the importance of vitamin B₁₂ in the prevention of RPL in North Indian women.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acid Substitution; Case-Control Studies; Female; Folic Acid; Gene Frequency; Homocysteine; Homocystinuria; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; India; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Pregnancy; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Young Adult

Hyperhomocysteinemia and B-vitamin deficiency are associated with recurrent abortion. Recent studies have not investigated functional markers of vitamin B12 deficiency, such as methylmalonic acid.. A total of 43 consecutive Syrian women with unexplained recurrent abortion and 32 pregnant controls were enrolled in the study. Serum folate, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid and plasma homocysteine were determined.. Vitamin B12 was significantly decreased in patients with recurrent abortion compared to controls (mean concentrations 197 vs. 300 pg/mL, p=0.004). The lowest mean serum vitamin B12 (172 pg/mL) was observed in primary aborters. Homocysteine was elevated in aborters in comparison to controls (8.3 vs. 7.1 micromol/L, p=0.093). Folate and methylmalonic acid did not differ significantly between the study groups. A highly significant correlation between homocysteine and methylmalonic acid and vitamin B12 was observed only in patients but not in controls (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). In the logistic regression model, only serum vitamin B12 emerged with a significant odds ratio.. The results confirm low serum vitamin B12 in recurrent abortion patients. However, methylmalonic acid did not support that functional vitamin B12 plays a role in this group. This unexpected result might be due to a decrease of the metabolically inert vitamin B12 fraction (holohaptocorrin) or confounding factors. Further studies are necessary to investigate the role of vitamin B12 deficiency in recurrent abortion.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Female; Homocysteine; Humans; Pregnancy; Syria; Vitamin B 12

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) is a known risk factor for venous and arterial thrombosis. Thrombophilia workup includes the level of homocysteine and other related parameters such as: vitamin B(12), folic acid, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype. As the levels of homocysteine, vitamin B(12), folic acid, and MTHFR C677T genotype are linked biochemically, we hypothesized that a statistical association will be found between them. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association between the four parameters in patients with a thrombotic event or recurrent fetal loss. The potential study population included 326 patients who were referred to the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit; 125 of these patients had at least one pathological test result of the four parameters. The correlations between homocysteine and vitamin B(12) as well as between homocysteine and folic acid were found to be weak (r = -0.236 and r = -0.209, respectively). No significant difference was revealed between the mean homocysteine level and the CC, CT, and TT MTHFR genotypes (p = 0.246). In conclusion, in the population studied, the association between homocysteine, vitamin B(12), folic acid, and MTHFR C677T is weak. The results raise doubt as to whether the current routine evaluation of HHC, as part of thrombophilia workup, truly reflects the increased risk of thrombosis.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Folic Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Homocysteine; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Male; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Pregnancy; Risk Factors; Thrombosis; Vitamin B 12

The aim of the project was the assessment of clinical usefulness of the determination of blood serum homocysteine concentration, folic acid and vitamin B12 in recurrent miscarriages.. 30 non-pregnant women with recurrent miscarriages (examined group-I) and for 20 non-pregnant women without obstetric failures in medical history (control group-II) were examined.. In the examined group (group I), the average concentration of homocysteine (9,45 micromol/l) was not statistically higher in comparison to the control group (group II) (8,47 micromol/l) (p>0,05). In group I the average vitamin B12 concentration in blood serum was 178,3 pg/ml and it was statistically lower (p<0,001) in comparison with the control group (II) (268,6 pg/ml). Such a relation was not observed for the vitamin B12, where the average concentration of this parameter was not dependent on the miscarriage number. A high negative correlation (R= -0,5397, p<0,01) was observed between the level of folic acid and homocysteine concentration in the group of women with recurrent miscarriages and a very high negative correlation (r = -0,9586 p<0,001) in the control group. No relation (R=0,0992 p>0,05) between the average concentration of vitamin B12 in blood serum and the average homocysteine in the nullipara group with recurrent miscarriages. Together with the increasing number of abortions, the average homocysteine concentrations grew and the average folic acid concentrations lowered.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Homocysteine; Humans; Vitamin B 12

Topics: 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (FADH2); Abortion, Habitual; Brain; Female; Folic Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Homocysteine; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Middle Aged; Mutation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Pregnancy; Stroke; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 12

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment in patients analyzed for recurrent spontaneous miscarriage with a diagnosis of a hereditary thrombophilia, the presence of antiphospholipid and/or autoimmune antibodies, and/or hyperhomocystinemia (HHC) with or without methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms. In total, 76 women with 2 or more embryonic or fetal losses were analyzed. Of these, 49 (64.4%) women were found to have one or more thrombophilias and/or autoimmune antibodies, and 33 (43.4%) women were found to have a MTHFR polymorphism and/or HHC. Since completion of the recurrent miscarriage analysis, 39 women conceived again. All women with a thrombophilia were treated with low-dose aspirin plus low molecular weight heparin. All women with previously diagnosed HHC and/or MTHFR polymorphisms were treated with folate and vitamin B(6) and B(12) supplementation. In the thrombophilia group, 27 women conceived resulting in 20 successful pregnancies (74.1%) and 7 pregnancy losses (2 trisomy 16, 1 ectopic pregnancy and 4 unexplained miscarriages), i.e. an unexplained pregnancy loss rate of 14.8%. In the HHC/MTHFR group 22 women conceived, resulting in 17 successful pregnancies (77.3%) and 5 pregnancy losses (1 trisomy 16, 1 Turner syndrome and 3 unexplained miscarriages), i.e. an unexplained pregnancy loss rate of 13.6%.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Aspirin; Female; Folic Acid; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Genetic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Pregnancy Outcome; Thrombophilia; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 6

To assess the relationship of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotypes to unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA).. This study included two groups:57 currently non-pregnant women with a history of URSA (URSA group), and 50 currently non-pregnant women with a history of having given birth to at least one live baby and without any history of spontaneous abortion, still-born fetus, placental thrombosis and intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)(control group). The fasting serum-Hcy was measured with high pressure liquid chromatography. Folic acid and vitamin B(12) were detected by radioimmune assay; antiphospholipid antibody (ACA) was detected by ELISA. MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms were detected by the technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).. C/C genotype in URSA group was significantly lower than that in control group, the total mutant T allele frequency was significantly higher than that in control group. There was no significant difference in respect of "age, rural area/city, period, primary/secondary abortion" between the genotype distributions of MTHFR C677T. The T/T genotype and C/T+T/T genotypes frequencies for "abortion times>or=3" were higher than those for "abortion time <3".. MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism is a genetic risk factor for URSA.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Alleles; China; DNA Mutational Analysis; Female; Folic Acid; Gene Frequency; Genotype; Homocysteine; Humans; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Point Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Vitamin B 12

To examine the relationship between Vitamin B(12) deficiency and early recurrent abortion (ERA) or very early recurrent abortion (VERA) abortion around 5 weeks of amenorrhea.. Serum B(12), folate and homocysteine levels were carried out in 110 consecutive women with unexplained ERA or VERA and in 96 women with one or more children and no abortion history.. Ten women were found to have low serum B(12) levels versus one in the control group. A total of 50% of these had raised homocysteine. No difference was noticed between cases and controls for folate. Among women with low serum B(12) level and ERA, 87.5% of the abortions were VERA. Vitamin B(12) supplementation led to four normal pregnancies in five women who became pregnant again. In a statistical analysis performed on five studies in which serum B(12) was assayed in ERA, including ours, a significant relationship was found between ERA and Vitamin B(12) deficiency.. Vitamin B(12) deficiency may be involved in ERA. Vitamin B(12) assay should be done in ERA women whether or not hematological abnormalities are present.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Dietary Supplements; Female; Gestational Age; Homocysteine; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Risk Factors; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

We evaluated the folate and cobalamin status in 29 non-pregnant women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (three or more consecutive) of unknown aetiology in comparison to 29 healthy nulligravidae of similar reproductive age (controls). Serum concentrations of folate and cobalamin showed no significant differences between the two groups. No correlation between age and vitamin concentrations was found. In the study group there was a significant negative correlation of the number of previous abortions and the concentration of serum folate. Patients with at least four previous miscarriages had significantly lower serum values of folic acid than women with three abortions, but not than controls. The underlying cause of this finding remains unclear. In conclusion, the serum concentrations of folic acid and vitamin B12 are not significantly altered in women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions, and an association between a deficiency of these vitamins and an increased risk of pregnancy loss appears to be questionable in the majority of gestations.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Pregnancy; Reference Values; Risk Factors; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Abortion, Spontaneous; Female; Ferritins; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Follow-Up Studies; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Nutritional Status; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Reference Values; Vitamin B 12; Zinc

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Abortion, Induced; Abortion, Spontaneous; Blood Group Antigens; Female; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Peptides; Pregnancy; Vitamin B 12