vendex and Osteoarthritis--Hip

Hip abductor weakness due to the progression of hip osteoarthritis (OA) commonly causes poor functional mobility. The hip abductor strength has also been identified as a clinically relevant factor for successful functional outcomes after total hip arthroplasty.. This study aimed to examine the functional characteristics related to hip abductor torque in patients with hip OA.. A cross-sectional survey study.. One hundred and eight female patients with severe unilateral hip OA participated in this study. Hip abductor torque and pain were measured. The muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and skeletal muscle density (SMD) of the gluteal muscles were also measured using computed tomography. To identify the hip parameters associated with hip abductor torque, multiple regression analysis was performed. The healthy model included the CSA and SMD of gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus; range of motion in hip abduction; age; and body mass index. The affected model included hip pain in addition to the healthy model.. The findings of this study indicated that it is necessary to consider that hip pain may inhibit muscle exertion and contraction while training to improve the hip abductor torque in the affected limb.

Topics: Female; Hip; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Thigh; Torque

Mechanical factors play a role in pathogenesis of primary osteoarthritis of the hip. Torsion measures were made to detect whether there is a causal relationship between increase or decrease of femoral anteversion, acetabular anteversion, and osteoarthritis. There are no studies in the literature indicating a relationship between axial plane coverage and osteoarthritis of the hip. Deficient axial plane coverage of femoral head may also play a role in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.. Thirty patients with primary osteoarthritis of the hip and 29 control cases were included in the study. We used the method of Anda et al. (Acta Radiol Diagn 27:443-447, 1986; Comput Assist Tomogr 15:115-120, 1991) to measure axial plane anterior, posterior coverages in patients with primary osteoarthritis of the hip. The computerized tomography sections and pelvic radiographs indicated good frontal plane coverage and spherical femoral head. In addition to anterior acetabular sector angle, posterior acetabular sector angle, horizontal acetabular sector angles for axial plane coverage detection, femoral anteversion, acetabular anteversion, and McKibbin instability index were also measured.. Posterior coverage was lower at osteoarthritic hips than the control group's hips (96.0 ± 16.7, 104.2 ± 10.6) (p < 0.05).. The results may indicate that in addition to other mechanical factors, axial plane coverage, especially the posterior coverage deficiency, may play a role in the pathogenesis of hip osteoarthritis.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Femur Head; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Torque

The aim of the study was to analyze the results of the hip joint torques within the patients with osteoarthritis (OA). A total of 119 women were divided into 3 groups performing 3 dimensional strength tests. For the measurements a new apparatus was invented and used. Specially designed position was safety and comfortable during testing OA and elderly women.. Significant differences (p≤0.05) in strength tests were found both between body side and muscle groups in most of the performed tests. The biggest unilateral deficit in OA group was found in muscles most important for gait and weight bearing − 0.55 for both flexors and extensors. Surprisingly no lateral difference was found for the hip joint adductors. Analysis of the correlation coefficient between the hip joint muscles proved that complex movements needed well-developed coordination between the muscle groups. The most important agonist muscle coordination occurs between hip extensors and abductors − 0.68 to 0.80.. Unilateral hip OA affecting older women is directly responsible for significantly lower muscle strength when compared with both control groups. Lost of balance and coordination needed for dynamic actions like gait is caused by strength asymmetry of crucial hip muscles as well as near zero correlation between important agonist muscles.

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Biomechanical Phenomena; Case-Control Studies; Discriminant Analysis; Female; Gait; Hip Joint; Humans; Middle Aged; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Postural Balance; Range of Motion, Articular; Torque; Weight-Bearing; Young Adult

To examine the relative and absolute intrarater test-retest reliability of muscle strength and range of motion (ROM) measurements of the hip performed in people with hip osteoarthritis.. Repeated measures.. Human movement laboratory of a university.. Participants (N=22; 10 men, 12 women; age range, 50-84y) with hip osteoarthritis.. On 2 separate occasions, at least 1 week apart, isometric torque measurements were obtained from the hip rotators, flexors, abductors, and extensors. Passive ROMs in hip rotation, flexion, abduction, and extension were also determined.. Relative reliability was estimated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, model 2,2 (ICC(2,2)). Absolute reliability was estimated using the coefficient of variation (CV) and the standard error (SE) of measurement.. For measurements of muscle strength, ICC(2,2) ranged from .84 to .97, and the CV ranged from 8% to 15.7%. Hip extensors and internal and external rotators showed high ICC(2,2) (>.96) and low CV (<9.8%); hip abductors showed the lowest ICC(2,2) (.84) and the highest CV (15.7%). For ROM measurements, ICC(2,2) ranged from .86 to .97 and SE ranged from 3.1 degrees to 4.7 degrees . Hip flexion ROM showed the highest ICC(2,2) (.97) and an SE of 3.5 degrees ; hip extension ROM showed the lowest ICC(2,2) (.86) and the highest SE (4.7 degrees ).. Strength and ROM testing of the hip in people with hip osteoarthritis can be performed with good to excellent reliability.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hip Joint; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Strength; Muscle Strength Dynamometer; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Range of Motion, Articular; Reproducibility of Results; Torque

This investigation assessed strength of the hip extensors and flexors when assistive devices and weight bearing are changing after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Eleven individuals (6 men, 5 women; mean age 74.45 +/- 4.88 years) with unilateral THA were evaluated isokinetically at 60 degrees x sec(-1) before surgery on the involved and uninvolved limbs. Each subject's involved limb was tested 60 days after surgery. Comparisons were made between involved and uninvolved limbs and between the involved limb before surgery and 60 days after surgery for both the hip extensors and flexors. Hip extensor and flexor strength before surgery on the involved side was 39% and 29% lower, respectively, compared with the uninvolved side. Sixty days after surgery, strength of the hip extensors and flexors improved 50% and 27%, respectively, compared with before surgery. Over the 60-day interval, the responsiveness of isokinetic testing was high for both muscle groups (range, 0.74-1.51). It would seem appropriate that intensive rehabilitation continue through at least the 60-day period and that isokinetic testing is an effective tool to monitor hip strength before and after surgery.

Topics: Aged; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Postoperative Period; Preoperative Care; Self-Help Devices; Torque; Weight-Bearing

To define the relative hip extensor muscle strengths values identified by the 4 grades obtained with a supine manual muscle test (MMT) and to compare these values with those indicated by the traditional prone test.. Comparison of 4 manual supine strength grades with isometric hip extension joint torque; kappa statistic-determined interrater reliability, and analyses of variance identified between grade differences in torque.. Pathokinesiology laboratory.. Adult volunteers recruited from local community and outpatient clinics. Reliability testing: 16 adults with postpolio (31 limbs). Validity testing (2 groups): 18 subjects without pathology (18 limbs), and 26 people with clinical signs of hip extensor weakness (51 limbs).. Not applicable.. Supine hip extensor manual muscle grade and isometric hip extension torque.. Reliability testing showed excellent agreement (82%). Subjects with pathology had significant differences in mean torque (P<.01) for the assigned grade 5 (176 Nm), grade 4 (103 Nm), grade 3 (67 Nm), and grade 2 (19 Nm). Healthy adults showed significant differences between grade 5 (212 Nm) and grade 4 (120 Nm) in mean torque (P<.05).. The supine MMT is a reliable and valid method with which to assess hip extension strength.

Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Case-Control Studies; Female; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Hip Joint; Humans; Isometric Contraction; Los Angeles; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Weakness; Observer Variation; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Physical Examination; Physical Therapy Modalities; Polyradiculopathy; Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome; Prone Position; Range of Motion, Articular; Severity of Illness Index; Supine Position; Torque