vendex and Cicatrix

Hamstring strain injuries are amongst the most common and problematic injuries in a wide range of sports that involve high speed running. The comparatively high rate of hamstring injury recurrence is arguably the most concerning aspect of these injuries. A number of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors are proposed to predispose athletes to hamstring strains. Potentially, the persistence of risk factors and the development of maladaptations following injury may explain injury recurrence. Here, the role of neuromuscular inhibition following injury is discussed as a potential mechanism for several maladaptations associated with hamstring re-injury. These maladaptations include eccentric hamstring weakness, selective hamstring atrophy and shifts in the knee flexor torque-joint angle relationship. Current evidence indicates that athletes return to competition after hamstring injury having developed maladaptations that predispose them to further injury. When rehabilitating athletes to return to competition following hamstring strain injury, the role of neuromuscular inhibition in re-injury should be considered.

Topics: Athletic Injuries; Cicatrix; Humans; Knee Joint; Muscle Weakness; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Atrophy; Neural Inhibition; Recurrence; Risk Factors; Sprains and Strains; Torque

The attachment of bilateral sagittal-split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus with bicortical screws or the combination of miniplates and a bicortical screw is complicated through the intraoral approach because of the angle required for insertion of screws, so it is necessary to use a trocater. This article aimed to report a technique developed and used in 60 patients, wherein an implant handpiece with adapted drills was used in the intraoral attachment. The setting was performed intraorally to prevent scarring and extraoral facial nerve damage, which may be caused by extraoral and transbuccal approaches routinely performed when using the trocater. The versatility of the handpiece implant allows for the insertion of monocortical and bicortical screws and rigid internal fixation of mandibular sagittal-split osteotomy, as well as surgical time reduction, decreasing postoperative morbidity.

Topics: Bone Plates; Bone Screws; Cicatrix; Equipment Design; Facial Nerve Injuries; Humans; Malocclusion; Orthognathic Surgery; Torque

Even nowadays the idea of most of the operations against strabismus is based on myectomy and reposition of the rectus muscles. At the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Medical School of Debrecen we use mainly these two methods of operation. At our Department we performed 1605 operations against strabismus during the last 10 years. 1269 of our patients had convergent, 336 had divergent strabismus. The majority of the operations were performed on patients less than 6 years of age, under general anesthesia. The outcome of the operation is successful if it results in a situation, in which torque affecting the eyeball stabilizes it in the normal position. The advantage of the combined surgical procedure is that the former muscular balance remains intact, and by relatively small intervention good results can be achieved. In the rectus muscles of squint patients anatomical and histopathological changes could be found, especially if they did not receive pleoptic treatment preoperatively. Depending on the direction of the strabismus one of the muscles is thicker, while the other is thinner, due to hyper- and hypofunction. Our surgical experience of many years showed that by modifying the classical technique of the operations with some fine technical tricks it was possible to increase the success rate. In our film we presented the right way of incising and handling the subconjunctival connective tissue (Tenon capsule) thus making it possible to lay it back to its original place at the end of the operation. This way the chance of postoperative scarring is reduced. We demonstrated how to test the contractility of the muscles by using muscle-hooks, that replaces the forceps test. In case of myectomy we demonstrated the tricks of how to handle the easiest and the finest way. In case of retroposition we can achieve perfect reconstruction and wound healing by using the shown simple technique. We also take much care of suturing the conjunctiva during operations performed on infants that is important because of their undisciplined behavior.

Topics: Anesthesia, General; Child; Cicatrix; Conjunctiva; Connective Tissue; Esotropia; Exotropia; Humans; Infant; Infant Behavior; Methods; Muscle Contraction; Oculomotor Muscles; Orthoptics; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Strabismus; Suture Techniques; Torque; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing