vasoactive-intestinal-peptide and Biliary-Tract-Diseases

To better understand the relationship between innervation in the sphincter of Oddi and pancreatobiliary diseases, nerve cells which possess nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and/or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were studied immunohistochemically in the sphincter of Oddi and duodenum of humans. Specimens from autopsies included 11 cases with pancreatobiliary diseases and 7 cases without such diseases. An elaborate nerve network was revealed with an anti-S-100 antibody in the sphincter of Oddi and duodenum of all specimens. In the sphincter of Oddi of the control group, approximately 47% of the myenteric nerve cells were NOS positive, whereas 54% were VIP positive. Of the NOS positive nerve cells, 21% were also VIP positive. In contrast, 11% of the nerve cells in the sphincter of Oddi of the disease group were NOS positive while 32% were VIP positive. Within the duodenal myenteric plexus of the control group, 35% of all nerve cells were NOS positive while 40% was VIP positive; among them, 23% of the NOS positive cells were VIP positive. Similar results were observed in the duodenum of the disease group. These data indicate that abundant NOS and VIP positive innervation is present in the sphincter of Oddi and duodenum in humans. The lower proportion of NOS positive or VIP positive nerve cells of the disease group may suggest an inadequacy of the sphincter of Oddi to relax.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autopsy; Biliary Tract Diseases; Duodenum; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pancreatic Diseases; Sphincter of Oddi; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

Patients with SYDS following abdominal operation or with severe acute abdominal diseases were observed on changes of the thyroid, adrenal function and digestive hormones. The results showed that the serum concentration of T3 in patients with SYDS decreased by about 50% with the control (P less than 0.001). The concentration of T4 decreased too (P less than 0.001). The rT3 content increased and there were no obvious changes in the content of TSH and T3RUR. The manifestations conformed to "low T3 syndrome" in nonthyroid diseases. The amount of urine 17-KS and 17-OHCS per 24 hours decreased (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.05 respectively). The serum gastrin level decreased by 60.4% with the control (P less than 0.002) and that of VIP increased (P less than 0.05). The results suggested that the patients had decreased thyroid and adrenal function and the secretion of hormones of digestive tract decreased.

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Abdomen, Acute; Adult; Aged; Biliary Tract Diseases; Female; Gastrins; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Postoperative Period; Stomach Diseases; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide