valproic acid has been researched along with Encephalopathy, Hepatic in 34 studies
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.
valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Our purpose was to evaluate the relationship between valproic acid (VPA)-induced hyperammonemia (HA) and the prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) cognitive impairment among psychiatric inpatients." | 7.83 | Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy prevalence among psychiatric inpatients. ( Doroudgar, S; La, AQ; Perry, PJ; Punia, S; Thomas, KL, 2016) |
| "Our purpose was to evaluate the relationship between valproic acid (VPA)-induced hyperammonemia (HA) and the prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) cognitive impairment among psychiatric inpatients." | 3.83 | Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy prevalence among psychiatric inpatients. ( Doroudgar, S; La, AQ; Perry, PJ; Punia, S; Thomas, KL, 2016) |
| "The authors report a case of fatal hepatic failure in a 19-year old young man suffering from absence seizures and treated for two months with valproic acid (VPA)." | 3.69 | [Fatal hepatic necrosis during treatment with sodium valproate]. ( Benaguida, M; Chlihi, A; Miguil, M; Mjahed, K; Moutawakkil, S; Sarf, I, 1995) |
| " Hyperammonemic coma is determined through a complicated differential diagnosis, and although it can also be induced as a side effect of valproate (VPA), this cause is frequently unrecognized or confused with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGH)-induced hepatic encephalopathy." | 2.55 | Hyperammonemic coma after craniotomy: Hepatic encephalopathy from upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage or valproate side effect?: Case report and literature review. ( Gao, L; Guo, X; Wei, J; Xing, B; Xu, Z, 2017) |
| "We report a 66-year-old man with hepatic encephalopathy due to a non-cirrhotic porto-systemic shunt during the course of treatment for epilepsy with sodium valproate." | 2.43 | [Successful balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) in a case of symptomatic epilepsy with hepatic encephalopathy due to non-cirrhotic porto-systemic shunt]. ( Hayashi, S; Noguchi, M; Shibata, A, 2005) |
| "Valproic acid (VPA) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug and is usually well tolerated, but rare serious complications may occur in some patients receiving VPA chronically, including haemorrhagic pancreatitis, bone marrow suppression, VPA-induced hepatotoxicity (VHT) and VPA-induced hyperammonaemic encephalopathy (VHE)." | 2.43 | Science review: carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid-induced toxicity - what is the evidence? ( Gris, M; Lheureux, PE; Penaloza, A; Zahir, S, 2005) |
| "Carnitine is an important nutrient that is present in the diet (particularly in meat and dairy products) and is synthesized from dietary amino acids." | 2.38 | Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity. ( Coulter, DL, 1991) |
| " At the time of deterioration, serum valproate was at toxic level in the three reported cases." | 1.32 | Delayed toxicity following acute ingestion of valpromide. ( Descotes, J; Frantz, P; Martin, O; Moulsma, M; Parant, F; Payen, C; Pulce, C, 2004) |
| "A 29-year-old female patient with Friedreich's ataxia and partial seizures with acute liver failure during VPA treatment is reported." | 1.30 | Fatal liver failure associated with valproate therapy in a patient with Friedreich's disease: review of valproate hepatotoxicity in adults. ( Hehlmann, R; Heubner, C; Holm, E; König, I; König, SA; Schenk, M; Sick, C; Weiss, A, 1999) |
| "We report a 3 year-old girl with a myoclonic epilepsy." | 1.29 | Valproate-induced hepatic failure in a case of cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. ( Chabrol, B; Chretien, D; Mancini, J; Munnich, A; Pinsard, N; Rustin, P, 1994) |
| "Here a case of hemorrhagic shock and fulminant hepatic failure in a patient treated with valproate is presented." | 1.29 | [Hemorrhagic shock and fulminant hepatic failure associated with valproate]. ( Fernandez-Fernandez, FJ; Garcia-Jimenez, A; Garcia-Rego, J; Sesma, P, 1995) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 5 (14.71) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 14 (41.18) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 9 (26.47) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 6 (17.65) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Guo, X | 1 |
| Wei, J | 1 |
| Gao, L | 1 |
| Xing, B | 1 |
| Xu, Z | 1 |
| Amathieu, R | 1 |
| Levesque, E | 1 |
| Merle, JC | 1 |
| Chemit, M | 1 |
| Costentin, C | 1 |
| Compagnon, P | 1 |
| Dhonneur, G | 1 |
| Thomas, KL | 1 |
| La, AQ | 1 |
| Punia, S | 1 |
| Doroudgar, S | 1 |
| Perry, PJ | 1 |
| Rousseau, MC | 1 |
| Montana, M | 1 |
| Villano, P | 1 |
| Catala, A | 1 |
| Blaya, J | 1 |
| Valkov, M | 1 |
| Allouard, Y | 1 |
| Bugni, E | 1 |
| Dichtwald, S | 1 |
| Dahan, E | 1 |
| Adi, N | 1 |
| Moses, A | 1 |
| Sorkine, P | 1 |
| Rupasinghe, J | 1 |
| Jasinarachchi, M | 1 |
| Lewis, C | 1 |
| Deshpande, A | 1 |
| Tesar, GE | 1 |
| Dale, R | 1 |
| Payen, C | 1 |
| Frantz, P | 1 |
| Martin, O | 1 |
| Parant, F | 1 |
| Moulsma, M | 1 |
| Pulce, C | 1 |
| Descotes, J | 1 |
| McCall, M | 1 |
| Bourgeois, JA | 1 |
| Shibata, A | 1 |
| Hayashi, S | 1 |
| Noguchi, M | 1 |
| Rossetti, AO | 1 |
| Bromfield, EB | 1 |
| Lheureux, PE | 1 |
| Penaloza, A | 1 |
| Zahir, S | 1 |
| Gris, M | 1 |
| Segura-Bruna, N | 1 |
| Rodriguez-Campello, A | 1 |
| Puente, V | 1 |
| Roquer, J | 1 |
| Velioğlu, SK | 1 |
| Gazioğlu, S | 1 |
| Subhash, HS | 1 |
| Heddle, RJ | 1 |
| Schultz, DW | 1 |
| Ring, J | 1 |
| Thompson, CH | 1 |
| Le Bihan, G | 1 |
| Bourreille, J | 1 |
| Sampson, M | 1 |
| Leroy, J | 1 |
| Szekely, AM | 1 |
| Coquerel, A | 1 |
| Addison, GM | 1 |
| Gordon, NS | 1 |
| Imler, M | 1 |
| Warter, JM | 1 |
| Marescaux, C | 1 |
| Miguil, M | 1 |
| Chlihi, A | 1 |
| Mjahed, K | 1 |
| Sarf, I | 1 |
| Moutawakkil, S | 1 |
| Benaguida, M | 1 |
| Puri, AS | 1 |
| Sharma, BC | 1 |
| Khan, EM | 1 |
| Saraswat, VA | 1 |
| Treem, WR | 1 |
| Chabrol, B | 1 |
| Mancini, J | 1 |
| Chretien, D | 1 |
| Rustin, P | 1 |
| Munnich, A | 1 |
| Pinsard, N | 1 |
| Fernandez-Fernandez, FJ | 1 |
| Garcia-Rego, J | 1 |
| Garcia-Jimenez, A | 1 |
| Sesma, P | 1 |
| Beversdorf, D | 1 |
| Allen, C | 1 |
| Nordgren, R | 1 |
| König, SA | 1 |
| Schenk, M | 1 |
| Sick, C | 1 |
| Holm, E | 1 |
| Heubner, C | 1 |
| Weiss, A | 1 |
| König, I | 1 |
| Hehlmann, R | 1 |
| Wirshing, WC | 1 |
| Ames, D | 1 |
| Bisheff, S | 1 |
| Pierre, JM | 1 |
| Mendoza, A | 1 |
| Sun, A | 1 |
| Brätter, P | 1 |
| Brunetto, R | 1 |
| Gramm, HJ | 2 |
| Recknagel, S | 1 |
| Siemes, H | 2 |
| Nau, H | 1 |
| Seidel, U | 1 |
| Bell, EA | 1 |
| Shaefer, MS | 1 |
| Markin, RS | 1 |
| Wood, RP | 1 |
| Langnas, AN | 1 |
| Stratta, RJ | 1 |
| Shaw, BW | 1 |
| Willmore, LJ | 1 |
| Triggs, WJ | 1 |
| Pellock, JM | 1 |
| Coulter, DL | 1 |
| Binek, J | 1 |
| Hany, A | 1 |
| Egloff, B | 1 |
| Heer, M | 1 |
| van Egmond, H | 1 |
| Degomme, P | 1 |
| de Simpel, H | 1 |
| Dierick, AM | 1 |
| Roels, H | 1 |
| König, S | 1 |
| Scheffner, D | 1 |
| Rauterberg-Ruland, I | 1 |
| Kochen, W | 1 |
| Hofmann, WJ | 1 |
| Wokittel, E | 1 |
| Schick, U | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In Vivo Study of Safety, Tolerability and Dosing Effect on SMN mRNA and Protein Levels of Valproic Acid in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy[NCT00374075] | Phase 1 | 42 participants | Interventional | 2003-09-30 | Completed | ||
| Phase I/II Trial of Valproic Acid and Carnitine in Infants With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type I (CARNI-VAL Type I)[NCT00661453] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 40 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-04-30 | Completed | ||
| Multi-center Phase II Trial of Valproic Acid and Carnitine in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA CARNI-VAL Trial)[NCT00227266] | Phase 2 | 94 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-09-30 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
(NCT00661453)
Timeframe: -2 weeks, time 0, 3 months, 6 months
| Intervention | g (Mean) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lean Mass Baseline | Lean Mass 3 months | Lean Mass 6 months | Fat Mass Baseline | Fat Mass 3 months | Fat Mass 6 months | |
| SMA Type 1 | 4317.15 | 4993.92 | 5133.83 | 3011.37 | 3618.25 | 4316.08 |
The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This is done multiple times, the outcome used is the highest peak, or response observed. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)
| Intervention | mV (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 months | |
| Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment | 2.28 | 2.32 |
| Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment | 2.93 | 2.37 |
| Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment | 5.52 | 6.56 |
The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This is done multiple times, the outcome used is the highest peak, or response observed. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)
| Intervention | mV (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 months | |
| Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment | 1.91 | 1.44 |
| Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment | 2.2 | 1.8 |
| Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment | 5.3 | 5.85 |
The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) area is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This procedure is repeated multiple times. The maximum area is the response that results in the largest area under the response curve. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)
| Intervention | mVms (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 months | |
| Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment | 5.46 | 5.28 |
| Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment | 5.45 | 5.26 |
| Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment | 14.85 | 16.26 |
The maximum Compound Motor Action Potential (CMAP) area is a measurement obtained through EMG testing that is associated with disease progression. In this study, we measure the maximum CMAP by stimulating one nerve in the hand and measuring the response of the muscle. This procedure is repeated multiple times. The maximum area is the response that results in the largest area under the response curve. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to official enrollment, beginning of study (0 months), 6 months, 12 months (data point not available)
| Intervention | mVms (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 months | |
| Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment | 3.6 | 3.74 |
| Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment | 4.6 | 3.4 |
| Cohort 2 Standers and Walkers - Treatment | 13.65 | 16.85 |
Comparison of Modified Hammersmith Change from baseline to 6 months. Scores range from 0 to 40. A higher score indicates a better outcome. This scale is used to assess gross motor abilities of non-ambulant children with SMA in multiple research trials as well as in clinical settings. (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 0 months, 6 months
| Intervention | Score (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline visit (0 weeks) | 6 Month visit (V2) | Change from Baseline | |
| Cohort 1a Sitters Placebo Then Treatment | 20.0 | 20.6 | 0.6 |
| Cohort 1b Sitters Treatment | 16.6 | 16.8 | 0.2 |
"Baseline Modified Hammersmith Extend testing. The baseline test is the score they receive during their screening visits. This scale ranges from 0 to 56. A higher score indicates a better outcome.~This scale is used to assess gross motor abilities of children with SMA in multiple research trials as well as in clinical settings." (NCT00227266)
Timeframe: 1 month prior to enrollment, at enrollment (0 months)
| Intervention | Score (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Modified Hammersmith Extend at S1 (-4 weeks) | Modified Hammersmith Extend at S2 (0 weeks) | |
| Cohort 2 Experimental | 47.0 | 48.3 |
10 reviews available for valproic acid and Encephalopathy, Hepatic
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Hyperammonemic coma after craniotomy: Hepatic encephalopathy from upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage or valproate side effect?: Case report and literature review.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Coma; Craniotomy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hep | 2017 |
[Severe toxic acute liver failure: etiology and treatment].
Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetylcysteine; Acute Kidney Injury; Anti-Infective Agents; Blood Coagulation Disorde | 2013 |
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy: a brief review.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Models, Biological; N | 2012 |
[Successful balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) in a case of symptomatic epilepsy with hepatic encephalopathy due to non-cirrhotic porto-systemic shunt].
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Balloon Occlusion; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; | 2005 |
Science review: carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid-induced toxicity - what is the evidence?
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Overdose; Hepatic Encephalo | 2005 |
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Edema; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing); Carnitine | 2006 |
Inherited and acquired syndromes of hyperammonemia and encephalopathy in children.
Topics: Ammonia; Child; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver Diseases; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Reye Synd | 1994 |
Valproate toxicity: risk-screening strategies.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Enzymes; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
Carnitine, valproate, and toxicity.
Topics: Carnitine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; | 1991 |
[Acute fatal liver insufficiency due to valproic acid therapy].
Topics: Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver; Male | 1991 |
24 other studies available for valproic acid and Encephalopathy, Hepatic
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy prevalence among psychiatric inpatients.
Topics: Adult; Antimanic Agents; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hyperammonem | 2016 |
Valproic acid-induced encephalopathy in very long course treated patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Damage, Chronic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; | 2009 |
Molecular adsorbent recycling system therapy in the treatment of acute valproic acid intoxication.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Antimanic Agents; Charcoal; Drug Overdose; Fluid Therapy; Hemoperfusion; Hepat | 2010 |
Progressive encephalopathy with cerebral oedema and infarctions associated with valproate and diazepam overdose.
Topics: Adult; Antimanic Agents; Brain Edema; Brain Infarction; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Coma | 2011 |
Delayed toxicity following acute ingestion of valpromide.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Coma; Dyspnea; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Male; Prodrugs; Time | 2004 |
Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia: a case report.
Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Consciousness Disorders; Diagnosis, Differential; Dru | 2004 |
Efficacy of rapid IV administration of valproic acid for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Electroencep | 2005 |
Non-convulsive status epilepticus secondary to valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.
Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Electroencephalography; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hype | 2007 |
Hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by sodium valproate therapy.
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Electroencephalography; Female; Follow-Up St | 2008 |
Fatal hepatic failure and sodium valproate.
Topics: Adolescent; Cholestasis; Epilepsy, Absence; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Valproic Acid | 1980 |
Sodium valproate and acute hepatic failure.
Topics: Acute Disease; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Infant; Valproic Acid | 1980 |
[Sodium valproate, hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy].
Topics: Ammonia; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Valproic Acid | 1982 |
[Fatal hepatic necrosis during treatment with sodium valproate].
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Fatal Outcome; Hepatic Encephalopath | 1995 |
Fatal fulminant hepatic failure due to sodium valproate in an adolescent.
Topics: Adolescent; Brain Diseases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fatal Outcome; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans | 1994 |
Valproate-induced hepatic failure in a case of cytochrome c oxidase deficiency.
Topics: Amino Acids; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Gas; Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency; Epilepsies, Myo | 1994 |
[Hemorrhagic shock and fulminant hepatic failure associated with valproate].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver; Male; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Status Epil | 1995 |
Valproate induced encephalopathy treated with carnitine in an adult.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carnitine; Epilepsy; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver; Valproic | 1996 |
Fatal liver failure associated with valproate therapy in a patient with Friedreich's disease: review of valproate hepatotoxicity in adults.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Comorbidity; Epilepsy; Fatal Outcome; Fem | 1999 |
Hepatic encephalopathy associated with combined clozapine and divalproex sodium treatment.
Topics: Adult; Clozapine; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Sero | 1997 |
Detection by HPLC-ICP of metallothionein in serum of an epileptic child with valproate-associated hepatotoxicity.
Topics: Blood Proteins; Child; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Copper; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopath | 1992 |
[Irreversible valproate-associated liver failure].
Topics: Dandy-Walker Syndrome; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Infant; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Male; Me | 1992 |
Treatment of valproic acid-associated hepatic failure with orthotopic liver transplantation.
Topics: Adult; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver Transplantation; Necrosis; Risk Factors; Valpro | 1992 |
A suspected case of late-onset sodium-valproate-induced hepatic failure.
Topics: Adolescent; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Liver; Male; Valpro | 1987 |
[Fatal hepatic failure in a normally developed 5-year-old boy caused by VPA monotherapy].
Topics: Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child, Preschool; Epilepsies, Partial; Epilepsy, Absence; He | 1987 |