valacyclovir and Keratitis
valacyclovir has been researched along with Keratitis* in 4 studies
Reviews
1 review(s) available for valacyclovir and Keratitis
Trials
1 trial(s) available for valacyclovir and Keratitis
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Comparison of the efficacy and safety of valaciclovir and acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
To compare the efficacy and safety of valaciclovir and acyclovir in immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus.. A multicenter, randomized, double-masked study.. One hundred ten immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus diagnosed within 72 hours of skin eruption were treated; 56 were allocated to the valaciclovir group and 54 to the acyclovir group.. Patients randomized to the valaciclovir group received two 500-mg tablets of valaciclovir three times daily and one tablet of placebo twice daily. Patients in the acyclovir group received one 800-mg tablet of acyclovir five times daily and one tablet of placebo three times daily for 7 days.. Main outcome measures included the frequency, severity, and duration of ocular complications, patient reports of zoster-associated pain, and the outcome of skin lesions. Tolerance was also assessed on the incidence and types of adverse effects and changes in laboratory parameters. The analysis was mainly descriptive and performed on an intent-to-treat basis.. Ocular complications of herpes zoster ophthalmicus were similar in the valaciclovir and acyclovir treatment groups. The main complications were conjunctivitis (54% and 52%, respectively), superficial keratitis (39% and 48%, respectively for punctate keratitis; 11% in each group for dendritic keratitis), stromal keratitis (13% in each group), and uveitis (13% and 17%, respectively). The long-term outcomes of these ocular complications were favorable and similar in both treatment groups. Pain duration and severity and outcome of skin lesions were similar between groups. Most patients reported prodromal pain. After 1 month, 25% of patients in the valaciclovir group and 31% in the acyclovir group still reported pain. The percentage of patients experiencing postherpetic neuralgia decreased during follow-up. The tolerance to acyclovir and valaciclovir was comparable and considered good. The most frequent adverse events were vomiting and edema of the eyelids or face (3%-5%). Three serious adverse events not linked to the study drugs occurred.. Valaciclovir is as effective as acyclovir in preventing ocular complications of herpes zoster ophthalmicus, including conjunctivitis, superficial and stromal keratitis, and pain. Tolerability of the two drugs is similar, but the dosing schedule of valaciclovir is simpler. Topics: Acyclovir; Administration, Oral; Antiviral Agents; Conjunctivitis, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Female; Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus; Humans; Immunocompetence; Keratitis; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Safety; Tablets; Uveitis; Valacyclovir; Valine | 2000 |
Other Studies
2 other study(ies) available for valacyclovir and Keratitis
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Unusual Severe Interface Inflammation After Uneventful Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE).
To describe a 40-year-old woman who complained of visual loss in her left eye 3 days after an uneventful bilateral myopic refractive surgery by small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).. Case report.. A 4 × 5 mm anterior central stromal infiltration was observed with moderate pain associated with decreased corneal sensitivity and neither discharge nor fluorescein staining. Bacterial and fungal smears and cultures from the SMILE interface were negative and local antibiotic ineffective. She was subsequently treated with peribulbar dexamethasone injections and oral valacyclovir. Corneal infiltration disappeared progressively, replaced by fibrotic stromal scarring. Optical coherence tomography displayed stromal hyperreflectivity mostly located above the lenticule cut with slight involvement of posterior stroma. In vivo confocal microscopy demonstrated activated keratocytes and highlighted the lack of subbasal corneal nerves in her left eye contrasting with her right eye.. Stromal herpetic keratitis could be considered a potential differential diagnosis to this atypical lamellar keratitis after a SMILE procedure. [J Refract Surg. 2016;32(12):855-857.]. Topics: Acyclovir; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Corneal Stroma; Corneal Surgery, Laser; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fluorophotometry; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Keratitis; Microscopy, Confocal; Myopia; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Valacyclovir; Valine | 2016 |
Cytomegalovirus as an etiologic factor in corneal endotheliitis.
To investigate clinical manifestations and response to antiviral therapy of 8 patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced corneal endotheliitis who were diagnosed and treated at 2 university hospitals in Japan.. Retrospective, consecutive, multicenter case series.. Eight eyes of 8 patients diagnosed with active CMV corneal endotheliitis at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine and Ehime University School of Medicine. The diagnosis was made based on the detection by polymerase chain reaction assay of CMV, but not herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA, in the aqueous humor from the affected eye.. Retrospective review of the clinical manifestations and responses to antiviral treatment.. Patient profiles, including duration of corneal endotheliitis, systemic disease, intraocular pressure, and clinical manifestation of anterior and posterior segments. The clinical response to systemic and topical antiviral treatment was evaluated by slit-lamp examination. Corneal endothelial density was examined by specular microscopy.. The average observation period after CMV detection was 10.4 months (range, 2-24 months). None of the patients had systemic immunodeficiency. Corneal manifestations included linear keratic precipitates associated with multiple coin-shaped lesions and local corneal stromal edema. Of the 8 patients, 4 had undergone penetrating corneal transplantation. Systemic ganciclovir therapy was used in 7 patients, and in 1 patient, valacyclovir was administered, with the corneal endotheliitis responding quickly to the early administration of galovir. At the final examination, 6 eyes had a clear cornea, but 2 eyes had bullous keratopathy.. Besides HSV and VZV, CMV must be considered as an etiologic agent in patients with corneal endotheliitis. Cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis may be a newly identified clinical entity of reactivated CMV in the anterior chamber of individuals free of accompanying systemic symptoms. Topics: Acyclovir; Administration, Topical; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Aqueous Humor; Cell Count; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; DNA, Viral; Endothelium, Corneal; Eye Infections, Viral; Female; Ganciclovir; Humans; Keratitis; Male; Middle Aged; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retrospective Studies; Valacyclovir; Valine | 2008 |