valacyclovir and Dermatitis

Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Dermatitis; Herpes Zoster; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Valacyclovir

Cutaneous eruptive xanthomas are characteristics lesions of hyperlipidemia. Rarely,these lesions may present with prominent leukocytoclasis as seen in papular neutrophilic xanthomas, which have been described in HIV positive and immunocompromised patients. Herein we describe a patient with eruptive neutrophilic xanthomas with neither hyperlipidemia nor immunocompromise. Moreover, these lesions improved with sun and UV light exposure.

Topics: Acyclovir; Anemia; Clobetasol; Colchicine; Dermatitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Prednisone; Pruritus; Testosterone; Ultraviolet Therapy; Valacyclovir; Valine; Xanthomatosis

Famciclovir (FCV) and valaciclovir (VACV) have previously been shown to be potent inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in a murine cutaneous model. In the present study, mice were inoculated in the skin of the left ear pinna with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1. Antiviral therapy was started on different days postinoculation (p.i.), terminating at the end of day 10 p.i. The compounds were administered twice daily by oral gavage at 50 mg/kg of body weight/dose. Mice were sampled on day 5 p.i., during the acute phase of the infection, and the titers of infectious virus in the target tissues (ear, brain stem, and trigeminal ganglia) were determined. At 2 to 3 months p.i., the ipsilateral and contralateral trigeminal and cervical dorsal root ganglia were explanted, and four different methods were used to detect latent HSV. The methods were (i) conventional explant culture for 5 days followed by homogenization, (ii) long-term culture (up to 73 days) of whole ganglia, followed by homogenization, (iii) dissociation by enzymatic disaggregation and an infectious center assay, and (iv) in situ hybridization to detect latency-associated transcripts (LATs). The conventional explant culture method was the least sensitive method, while in situ staining for LAT was the most sensitive, and all mice, including those treated from early times with FCV, were shown to be latently infected. Significantly less latent virus was detected by all four methods, however, in ganglia obtained from mice that had been treated with FCV in comparison with the amount detected in ganglia from mice that had been treated with VACV. However, in no case was latency completely eliminated.

Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Acyclovir; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Body Weight; Brain; Cell Culture Techniques; Dermatitis; Ear; Famciclovir; Female; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 1, Human; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neurons; Trigeminal Ganglion; Valacyclovir; Valine; Virus Latency