urolithin-b and Inflammation

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections. Active eradication of H. pylori infection is rare due to the fact that most infected patients are asymptomatic and the use of large amounts of antibiotics in eradication therapy leads to severe side effects. Urolithin B (UB) is an additional major intestinal metabolite of ellagic acid (EA), which has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic biological activities. Preventing the incidence of H. pylori-related gastric disease and reducing the damage to the host by H. pylori is a current approach to control H. pylori infection. In this study, we explored the effect of UB on H. pylori infection.. The effects of UB on inflammation and oxidative stress induced by H. pylori in vivo and in vitro were investigated by qPCR, ELISA, HE staining, IHC staining, etc. RESULTS: UB reduced the adhesion and colonization of H. pylori and improved H. pylori-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, UB had better anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects than clarithromycin (CLR) and metronidazole (MET). In addition to inhibiting the secretion of CagA, UB reduced tissue damage by H. pylori infection.. UB was effective in improving damage caused by H. pylori.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Clarithromycin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Inflammation; Metronidazole; Mice; Oxidative Stress

Urolithin B (Uro B), one of the major subcategories of urolithins (microbial metabolites) found in various tissues after ellagitannin consumption, has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The current research mainly focused on the ameliorative effect of Uro B on intestinal immunity function and exploring the potential mechanisms of its protective role in aging mice induced by D-galactose (D-gal). In the current research, we assessed the ameliorative effects of Uro B on inflammatory injury induced by lipopolysaccharides in HT29 cells. The D-gal-induced accelerated aging model

Topics: Aging; Animals; Coumarins; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; HT29 Cells; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Signal Transduction

Ellagitannin-rich products exhibit beneficial influence in the case of inflammation-associated diseases. Urolithins, metabolites of ellagitannins produced by gut microbiota, in contrary to high molecular weight hydrophilic parental polyphenols, possess well established bioavailability. Because of the important role of neutrophils in progression of inflammation, the influence of urolithins on their pro-inflammatory functions was tested. Urolithin B at a concentration of 20 µM showed significant inhibition of interleukin 8 and extracellular matrix-degrading enzyme MMP-9 production. It was also significantly active in prevention of cytochalasin A/formyl-met-leu-phenylalanine-triggered selectin CD62L shedding. Urolithin C was the only active compound towards inhibition of elastase release from cytochalasin A/formyl-met-leu-phenylalanine-stimulated neutrophils with 39.0 ± 15.9% inhibition at a concentration of 5 µM. Myeloperoxidase release was inhibited by urolithins A and C (at 20 µM by 46.7 ± 16.1 and 63.8 ± 8.6%, respectively). Urolithin A was the most potent reactive oxygen species release inhibitor both in formyl-met-leu-phenylalanine and 4β-phorbol-12β-myristate-R13-acetate-stimulated neutrophils. At the concentration of 1 µM, it caused reactive oxygen species level decrease by 42.6 ± 26.6 and 53.7 ± 16.0%, respectively. Urolithins can specifically modulate inflammatory functions of neutrophils, and thus could contribute to the beneficial health effects of ellagitannin-rich medicinal plant materials and food products.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cell Survival; Coumarins; Free Radical Scavengers; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Hydrolyzable Tannins; Inflammation; Microbiota; Neutrophils; Pancreatic Elastase; Reactive Oxygen Species

This protocol describes microsphere-based protease assays for use in flow cytometry and high-throughput screening. This platform measures a loss of fluorescence from the surface of a microsphere due to the cleavage of an attached fluorescent protease substrate by a suitable protease enzyme. The assay format can be adapted to any site or protein-specific protease of interest and results can be measured in both real time and as endpoint fluorescence assays on a flow cytometer. Endpoint assays are easily adapted to microplate format for flow cytometry high-throughput analysis and inhibitor screening.

Topics: Animals; Biotinylation; Flow Cytometry; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Green Fluorescent Proteins; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Inflammation; Kinetics; Microspheres; Peptide Hydrolases; Peptides; Reproducibility of Results; Temperature