urea has been researched along with Intellectual Disability in 40 studies
pseudourea: clinical use; structure
isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.
Intellectual Disability: Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "We studied 26 children with inborn errors of urea synthesis who survived neonatal hyperammonemic coma." | 3.67 | Neurologic outcome in children with inborn errors of urea synthesis. Outcome of urea-cycle enzymopathies. ( Batshaw, ML; Brusilow, SW; Mellits, ED; Msall, M; Suss, R, 1984) |
| "Hypernatraemic dehydration, subclinical underhydration, and undernutrition were common in a large hospital for the mentally and physically handicapped." | 1.28 | Hypernatraemic dehydration in patients in a large hospital for the mentally handicapped. ( Dunnigan, MG; Macdonald, NJ; McConnell, KN; Stephen, MR, 1989) |
| "The infant developed severe mental retardation, athetosis, and spasticity." | 1.25 | Familial hyperargininaemia. ( Colombo, JP; Lavinha, F; Lowenthal, A; Terheggen, HG, 1975) |
| "Orotic aciduria was present (max: 693 mg/day) and was related to NH4 levels." | 1.25 | [Chronic hyperammonemia with orotic aciduria: evidence of pyrimidine pathway stimulation (author's transl)]. ( Beaudry, MA; Collu, R; Dallairf, L; Ducharme, JR; Leboeuf, G; Letarte, J; Melancon, SB, 1975) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 34 (85.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1 (2.50) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 5 (12.50) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| SCHLESINGER, B | 1 |
| CLAYTON, B | 1 |
| BODIAN, M | 1 |
| JONES, KV | 1 |
| BRUNE, GG | 1 |
| HOHL, HH | 1 |
| HIMWICH, HE | 1 |
| HOEFNAGEL, D | 1 |
| MCMURRAY, WC | 2 |
| MOHYUDDIN, F | 2 |
| RATHBUN, JC | 2 |
| Wallace, RA | 1 |
| Schluter, PJ | 1 |
| Forgan-Smith, R | 1 |
| Wood, R | 1 |
| Webb, PM | 1 |
| Pérez Valdivieso, JR | 1 |
| Mbongo Bubakala, CL | 1 |
| Calderón Pelayo, R | 1 |
| López Olaondo, LA | 1 |
| Bes Rastrollo, M | 1 |
| Bachmann, C | 1 |
| Gropman, AL | 1 |
| Batshaw, ML | 3 |
| Levin, B | 1 |
| Miller, AL | 1 |
| McLean, P | 1 |
| Morrow, G | 1 |
| Barness, LA | 1 |
| Efron, ML | 1 |
| Wu, WK | 1 |
| Nyhan, WL | 1 |
| Msall, M | 1 |
| Suss, R | 1 |
| Brusilow, SW | 1 |
| Mellits, ED | 1 |
| Tada, K | 1 |
| Tateda, H | 1 |
| Metoki, K | 1 |
| Painter, MJ | 1 |
| Sproul, GT | 1 |
| Schafer, IA | 1 |
| Thomas, GH | 1 |
| Brusilow, S | 1 |
| Whitington, PF | 1 |
| Alonso, EM | 1 |
| Boyle, JT | 1 |
| Molleston, JP | 1 |
| Rosenthal, P | 1 |
| Emond, JC | 1 |
| Millis, JM | 1 |
| Kamoun, P | 1 |
| Rabier, D | 1 |
| Saudubray, JM | 1 |
| Shambaugh, GE | 1 |
| Terheggen, HG | 1 |
| Lowenthal, A | 1 |
| Lavinha, F | 1 |
| Colombo, JP | 3 |
| Simell, O | 1 |
| Perheentupa, J | 2 |
| Rapola, J | 1 |
| Visakorpi, JK | 2 |
| Eskelin, LE | 1 |
| Beaudry, MA | 1 |
| Letarte, J | 1 |
| Collu, R | 1 |
| Leboeuf, G | 1 |
| Ducharme, JR | 1 |
| Melancon, SB | 1 |
| Dallairf, L | 1 |
| Macdonald, NJ | 1 |
| McConnell, KN | 1 |
| Stephen, MR | 1 |
| Dunnigan, MG | 1 |
| Lynch, DM | 1 |
| Eliatamby, CL | 1 |
| Anderson, AA | 1 |
| Turova, NF | 1 |
| Ermolina, LA | 1 |
| Baryshnikov, VA | 1 |
| Gertenrich, RL | 1 |
| Brown, CA | 1 |
| Cederbaum, SD | 1 |
| Shaw, KN | 1 |
| Valente, M | 1 |
| Cotton, ME | 1 |
| Martin, JJ | 1 |
| Schlote, W | 1 |
| Brown, JH | 1 |
| Fabre, LF | 1 |
| Farrell, GL | 1 |
| Adams, ED | 1 |
| Eldjarn, L | 2 |
| Jellum, E | 2 |
| Stokke, O | 2 |
| Scott-Emuakpor, A | 1 |
| Higgins, JV | 1 |
| Kohrman, AF | 1 |
| Norio, R | 1 |
| Kekomäki, M | 1 |
| Corbeel, LM | 1 |
| Van Sande, M | 1 |
| Weber, A | 1 |
| Jagenburg, R | 2 |
| Lindstedt, G | 2 |
| Malmquist, J | 2 |
| Kluge, T | 1 |
| Börresen, HC | 1 |
| Gillen, HW | 1 |
| Pippinger, CE | 1 |
| Hopkins, IJ | 1 |
| Connelly, JF | 1 |
| Hocking, B | 1 |
| Maddison, TG | 1 |
3 reviews available for urea and Intellectual Disability
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Cognitive outcome in urea cycle disorders.
Topics: Age of Onset; Child; Cognition Disorders; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Intellectual Disability; M | 2004 |
Understanding inherited metabolic disease.
Topics: Amniocentesis; Carboxy-Lyases; Female; Genetic Carrier Screening; Homocystinuria; Humans; Infant, Ne | 1980 |
Urea biosynthesis II. Normal and abnormal regulation.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Ammonia; Animals; Argininosuccinate Synthase; Argininosucci | 1978 |
2 trials available for urea and Intellectual Disability
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pipothiazine palmitate in the management of aggressive mentally handicapped patients.
Topics: Adult; Aggression; Antipsychotic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma | 1985 |
Treatment of Dilantin gingival hyperplasia with Proxigel.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Female; Gels; Gingival Hyperplasia; Gingivitis; Hu | 1974 |
35 other studies available for urea and Intellectual Disability
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
TYPUS DEGENERATIVUS AMSTELODAMENSIS.
Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Blood Chemica | 1963 |
URINARY EXCRETION OF BUFOTENIN-LIKE SUBSTANCE IN PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS.
Topics: 1-Propanol; Acetates; Alcohols; Alkaloids; Ammonia; Bufotenin; Chromatography; Hallucinogens; Humans | 1963 |
THE SYNDROME OF ATHETOID CEREBRAL PALSY, MENTAL DEFICIENCY, SELF-MUTILATION AND HYPERURICEMIA.
Topics: Athetosis; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Genetics, Medical; H | 1965 |
CITRULLINURIA.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Citrulline; Citrullinemia; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Humans; Infa | 1964 |
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults with intellectual disability.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigens, Bacterial; Breath Tests; Caregivers; Feces; Helicobacter Inf | 2003 |
[Anesthetic considerations in a woman with congenital hyperammonemia].
Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Epilepsy; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Intellectual Disabili | 2002 |
Long-term outcome of patients with urea cycle disorders and the question of neonatal screening.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Arginine; Argininosuccinic Acid; Child; Citrullin | 2003 |
Studies on amino acid metabolism in citrullinuria.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Blood Chemical Analysis; Caseins; Child; | 1967 |
Arginosuccine aciduria.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Arginine; Child; Citrates; Diet Therapy; Glutamates; | 1967 |
Urea cycle enzymes in the liver of a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria.
Topics: Acids; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Arginine; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Electroenc | 1967 |
Citrullinemia with defective urea production.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Arginine; Citrulline; Diet Therapy; Female; Humans; Infant; In | 1967 |
Inborn metabolic errors of urea cycle.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Arginine; Chromatography; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Ure | 1967 |
Neurologic outcome in children with inborn errors of urea synthesis. Outcome of urea-cycle enzymopathies.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Argininosuccinate Synthase; Argininosuccinic Aciduria | 1984 |
A new method for screening of hyperammonemia.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intellectual Disability; Mas | 1982 |
Therapy of urea cycle enzymopathies: three case studies.
Topics: Ammonia; Arginine; Argininosuccinic Acid; Argininosuccinic Aciduria; Child, Preschool; Citrulline; C | 1981 |
Liver transplantation for the treatment of urea cycle disorders.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Canada; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia); Child | 1998 |
A risk factor for chronic mild hyperammonaemia.
Topics: Child; Chronic Disease; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Intellectual Disability; Risk Factors; Urea | 2002 |
Familial hyperargininaemia.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Athetosis; Child, Preschool; Chromatography; Cystinuria; Dietary Pro | 1975 |
Lysinuric protein intolerance.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alanine; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Bi | 1975 |
[Chronic hyperammonemia with orotic aciduria: evidence of pyrimidine pathway stimulation (author's transl)].
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Child, Preschool; Dietary Proteins; Erythrocytes; Growth Disorders; H | 1975 |
Hypernatraemic dehydration in patients in a large hospital for the mentally handicapped.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Mass Index; Creatinine; Dehydration; Disabled Persons; Feeding | 1989 |
[Characteristics of the amino acid spectrum of the blood of children with intellectual deficiency].
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Child; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Int | 1986 |
[Enzymatic disturbances in the urea cycle].
Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Child; Child, Preschool; Cit | 1969 |
Argininosuccinic aciduria.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Arginine; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Citric Acid | 1973 |
Central nervous system lesions in disorders of amino-acid metabolism. A neuropathological study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Brain; Central Nervous System; Chi | 1972 |
Hyperlysinuria with hyperammonemia. A new metabolic disorder.
Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Arginine; Diet Therapy; Growth Disorders; | 1972 |
Pyroglutamic aciduria: studies on the enzymic block and on the metabolic origin of pyroglutamic acid.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Bicarbonates; Biodegradation, Environmenta | 1972 |
Citrullinemia: a new case, with implications concerning adaptation to defective urea synthesis.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Citrulline; Dietary Proteins; Fibroblasts; Humans; Intellectual Disabil | 1972 |
Lysinuric protein intolerance, an autosomal recessive disease. A genetic study of 10 Finnish families.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Body Height; Consanguinity; Female; Finland; Gene | 1971 |
Periodic attacks of lethargy in a baby with ammonia intoxication due to a congenital defect in ureogenesis.
Topics: Ammonia; Coma; Diet Therapy; Female; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Liver; Metabolism, Inb | 1969 |
[Familial protein intolerance with hyperammonemia].
Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Nitrogen; Urea | 1970 |
Pyroglutamic aciduria--a new inborn error of metabolism.
Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Amino Acids; Brain Damage, Chronic; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Ion Exchan | 1970 |
Familial protein intolerance. Possible nature of enzyme defect.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Atrophy; Biological Tran | 1971 |
Low specific gravity syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Chlorides; Chronic Disease; Creatinine; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; I | 1968 |
Neurological abnormalities in primary hyperammonaemia.
Topics: Ammonia; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Lysine; Me | 1968 |