uranyl-fluoride and Kidney-Diseases

Tiron (sodium 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonate) was tested as a potential rescue agent for the nephropathy induced by uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) in rats. When uranyl fluoride was administered (i.v.) to male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose that delivered 250 micrograms U/kg, moderate to severe cellular necrosis occurred in pars recta segments of proximal tubules in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla of the rats' kidneys within four days after treatment. The severity of renal tubular injury was not significantly diminished when rats were given a 10, 100 or 1,000 mg/kg dose of Tiron (i.p.) 30 minutes after the administration of uranyl fluoride. No obvious protection was noted even when the rats were given a 1,000 mg/kg dose of Tiron 15, 30 and 90 minutes after the administration of uranyl fluoride. Therefore, Tiron does not appear to provide rats substantial protection against a dose of uranyl fluoride that induces moderate to severe renal injury.

Topics: 1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt; Animals; Antidotes; Fluorides; Kidney Diseases; Male; Rats; Uranium; Uranium Compounds

Our experience with a U-intoxicated patient and human data in the literature suggest the kidney U burden should not be allowed to exceed 0.26 micrograms g-1. The Annual Limit on Intake (ALI) for natural U was calculated from the chemical toxicity of U and was found to be lower than that reported previously.

Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Adult; Burns, Chemical; Fluorides; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Maximum Allowable Concentration; Radiation Injuries; Radiation Protection; Uranium; Uranium Compounds; Uranyl Nitrate

Severity and duration of renal injury produced by low levels of uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) were examined in the rat. Rats received multiple ip injections of UO2F2 (cumulative dose: 0.66 or 1.32 mg U/kg body wt). Renal injury was characterized histologically by cellular and tubular necrosis of pars recta of proximal tubule (S2 and S3), with less severe cellular injury to thick ascending limb of loop of Henle and collecting tubule. Injury was evident when renal uranium levels were between 0.7 and 1.4 micrograms U/g wet kidney and was most severe when renal uranium burden was between 3.4 and 5.6 micrograms U/g. Repair of injury was rapid, with complete restoration within 35 days after exposure. Associated with injury were abnormalities in renal function, including impaired tubular reabsorption, proteinuria, and enzymuria, which appeared temporally related, to variable degrees, to progression of renal injury. Thus, reversible renal injury occurs in the rat at levels of uranium in kidney below the present Nuclear Regulatory Commission standard of 3 micrograms U/g kidney for renal injury in humans.

Topics: Animals; Body Burden; Body Weight; Creatinine; Fluorides; Glucose; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Organ Size; Rats; Uranium; Uranium Compounds