ubiquinone and Myositis

Statins are the first-line pharmacotherapy for cholesterol reduction. Use of these drugs in large randomized clinical trials has consistently shown significant reductions in major vascular events, including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary revascularization. The updated guidelines for the treatment of high blood cholesterol from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA), will lead to an increase in the number of patients taking statins. Hence, the number of cases of statin intolerance may subsequently increase, emphasizing the need to understand and treat this important problem.

Topics: Cholesterol; Creatine Kinase; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Liver; Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1; Myalgia; Myositis; Organic Anion Transporters; Polymorphism, Genetic; Rhabdomyolysis; Risk Factors; Ubiquinone

Statins have demonstrated substantial benefits in supporting cardiovascular health. Older individuals are more likely to experience the well-known muscle-related side effects of statins compared with younger individuals. Elderly females may be especially vulnerable to statin-related muscle disorder. This review will collate and discuss statin-related muscular effects, examine their molecular and genetic basis, and how these apply specifically to elderly women. Developing strategies to reduce the incidence of statin-induced myopathy in older adult women could contribute to a significant reduction in the overall incidence of statin-induced muscle disorder in this vulnerable group of patients. Reducing statin-related muscle disorder would likely improve overall patient compliance, thereby leading to an increase in improved short- and long-term outcomes associated with appropriate use of statins.

Topics: Aged; Aging; Cell Death; Comorbidity; Drug Interactions; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Incidence; Muscular Diseases; Myositis; Polyisoprenyl Phosphates; Quality of Life; Rhabdomyolysis; Sesquiterpenes; Sex Factors; Ubiquinone

Statins are effective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. While most side effects of statins are mild and transient, muscular symptoms are relatively common (5 to 10% of patients), but rarely serious (myositis, rhabdomyolysis). In cases of myopathy, the severity of symptoms and the determination of CK (creatine kinase) determine whether discontinuation of statin is necessary. Alternative strategies are also suggested. This article reviews suggestions on the management of these complaints that are a challenge in clinical practice.

Topics: Age Factors; Aged, 80 and over; Algorithms; Anticholesteremic Agents; Azetidines; Biopsy; Cardiovascular Diseases; Creatine Kinase; Ezetimibe; Female; Humans; Life Style; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Myositis; Pain; Primary Prevention; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Retrospective Studies; Rhabdomyolysis; Secondary Prevention; Sex Factors; Ubiquinone