ubiquinone and Hemolysis

Plasma coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is currently assayed in our laboratory for its well-known diagnostic meaning; in fact plasma CoQ10 levels are inversely related to metabolic demand. Definite levels of CoQ10 are also found in white and red blood cell components, as well as in platelets. Plasma and erythrocyte CoQ10 has a well assessed antioxidant role, which was demonstrated through a series of experiments. Erythrocytes previously enriched with exogenous CoQ10 were found more resistant to a hemolysis induced by a free radical initiator. Several enzymatic activities of erythrocyte ghosts were also protected by different side chain CoQ homologues, both when reduced and, although at a lesser extent, in the oxidized state. CoQ was not effective in preventing metal-catalyzed oxidation of erythrocyte membrane enzymes, and this effect is likely to be due to lack of interaction of CoQ with the metal target. Moreover CoQ was able to protect isolated enzymes and erythrocyte membrane bound enzymes from the inactivating effect of free radicals generated by water sonolysis or radiolysis. As far as plasma lipoproteins are concerned it is well known that LDL isolated from healthy volunteers supplemented with CoQ10 are more resistant to peroxidation induced by an azoinitiator. We started to systematically investigate CoQ10 and vitamin E levels in isolated human LDL and HDL. Both CoQ10 and vitamin E concentrations, referred to protein, were found higher in LDL than in HDL. Susceptibility to exogenously applied peroxidation did not correlate with the endogeneous content of the two antioxidants, possibly on the basis of different lipid content of these lipoproteins.

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Blood Cells; Coenzymes; Erythrocytes; Free Radicals; Hemolysis; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Plasma; Rats; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Ubiquinone

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Chickens; Chromium Isotopes; Erythrocyte Aging; Erythrocytes; Erythropoiesis; Haplorhini; Hematopoietic System; Hemolysis; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Macaca; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Species Specificity; Turkeys; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency

Three extracts originating from a combination of various Latvian plant species were tested for their antibacterial activities by evaluating growth delays using a fully automated microturbidimetric method. Ten different human and bovine strains of the genera Staphylococcus and Micrococcus were used as test microorganisms. The inhibitory effect in vitro was defined as the difference between the growth rate without herbs and the growth rate in the presence of an extract. Among the tested strains, Staphylococcus aureus was found sensitive to all 3 extracts. However, extract I was the most effective in slowing the growth of all strains tested. Using appropriate tester strains it should be possible to set up a broad-range microtubidimetry assay for individual herb screening in vitro. The hemolytic effects of the individual extracts on human erythrocytes were also studied at different concentrations. Two of the herbal extracts had minimal lytic effects on eurocaryotic cells. An additional hemolysis test was conducted in the presence of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as a free radical scavenger: CoQ10 had no effect on the hemolytic reaction.

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Colony Count, Microbial; Erythrocytes; Fluorometry; Hemolysis; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Latvia; Least-Squares Analysis; Magnoliopsida; Micrococcus luteus; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Oxazines; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Staphylococcus aureus; Ubiquinone; Xanthenes

Whole blood vitamin Q (ubiquinone), plasma vitamins Q and E (alpha-(alpha-)tocopherol) and free cholesterol (FC) were studied before (control or base-line value, sample I) and during open chest surgery and extracorporal circulation (samples II-IV) in 10 male IHD patients. Identity existed between control whole blood and plasma ubiquinone. During surgery an increased discrepancy with lower plasma vitamin Q levels were seen. Control plasma vitamins Q, E and FC averaged 0.88 +/- 0.16 (SE), 12.1 +/- 2.2 mg x l(-1) and 0.75 +/- 0.15 g x l(-1). Corresponding molar values were 1.02 +/- 0.17, 28.1 +/- 5.1 micromol x l(-1) and 1.94 +/- 0.74 mmol x l(-1). Vitamin Q and E decreased continuously and averaged 0.64 mg x l(-1) in sample IV (0.74 micromol x l(-1), p < 0.001) and 9.4 mg x l(-1) in sample III (21.8 micromol x l(-1), p < 0.001). Hemolysis in all sample IV vials, ruined all vitamin E determinations. When normalized for FC (NQ and NE), decreases were found to be 17 (IV) and 12% (III), respectively. Large interindividual variations existed. High control NQ and NE values allowed a larger antioxidant vitamin depletion. High NQ seemed also to be a prerequisite for NE depletion. In addition, signs indicated an active liver vitamin Q release for patients rich in control antioxidant values. It was suggested that the antioxidant vitamin depletion did not prevent from radical trauma to membrane structural lipids (especially omega-3 fatty acids or vitamin F1), less membrane fluidity, erythrocyte fragility and hemolysis.

Topics: Aged; Cholesterol; Extracorporeal Circulation; Hemodilution; Hemolysis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Organic Chemicals; Reference Values; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E; Vitamins

Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were kept on a 1% NaCl solution as drinking water to shorten the onset-time of a stroke. The level of lipoperoxide (LPO) in the erythrocytes of SHRSP loaded with salt for 22 days was significantly higher than that of the controls. Idebenone treatment (30 mg/kg per day, p.o.) markedly decreased the LPO to the level of the controls. Hemolysis in SHRSP was accelerated by the salt-loading. Idebenone significantly inhibited the hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that idebenone inhibits lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes and stabilizes the erythrocyte membrane.

Topics: Animals; Benzoquinones; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Erythrocytes; Hemolysis; Hypertension; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Quinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Ubiquinone

The mechanism of the phenylhydrazine induced oxidative hemolysis was studied on the point of role of the free radical scavengers in rats. Phenylhydrazine resulted in the degradation of hemoglobin and the lipid peroxidation of the erythrocyte membrane. Otherwise, the elevation of coenzyme Q9, endogenous CoQ in rats, levels in plasma was observed against the phenylhydrazine induced oxidative stress. Supplementation of coenzyme Q10, exogenous CoQ in rats, inhibited the phenylhydrazine induced hemolysis according to the suppression of both the degradation of hemoglobin and the lipid peroxidation of the erythrocyte membrane. These results suggest that free radical scavengers such as coenzyme Q9 and coenzyme Q10 have important roles on the phenylhydrazine induced hemolysis in rats.

Topics: Animals; Erythrocyte Membrane; Free Radicals; Hematocrit; Hemolysis; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Methemoglobin; Phenylhydrazines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E

Using dog erythrocytes, the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the resistance of the erythrocyte membrane was investigated. Hemolysis was induced either by Octoxinol (Triton X-100) a well-known detergent, or by hypotonic salines. Although no detectable CoQ10 was observed in erythrocyte without CoQ10 addition, the increment in CoQ10 content in erythrocyte was found to be proportional to the doses of CoQ10 added to the erythrocyte samples. Administration of CoQ10 inhibited significantly the hemolysis induced either by octoxinol or hypotonic salines by a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that CoQ10 incorporated into the erythrocyte increased the resistance of erythrocyte membrane by a direct structural effect on the membrane.

Topics: Animals; Coenzymes; Detergents; Dogs; Erythrocytes; Hemolysis; Hypotonic Solutions; In Vitro Techniques; Octoxynol; Polyethylene Glycols; Sodium Chloride; Ubiquinone

The effects of CV-2619 on the half-life and hemolysis of red blood cells (RBC) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were examined. The half-life of RBC in SHRSP was shorter than that in control Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and was significantly prolonged in SHRSP kept on a diet containing 0.1% (w/w) of CV-2619 (calculated at 71.0 mg/kg/day): 11.7 +/- 0.4 days in untreated SHRSP (n = 11); 13.8 +/- 0.1 days in treated SHRSP (n = 5, P less than 0.01); and 14.8 +/- 0.5 days in WKY (n = 6). The hemolysis of RBC in salt-loaded SHRSP was accelerated compared with that in WKY. In SHRSP given CV-2619 (20 or 70 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 2 weeks, the hemolysis was significantly inhibited; the percent hemolysis was 43.9 +/- 0.9% (n = 10) in the control, 39.5 +/- 0.9% (n = 9, P less than 0.01) in the group given 20 mg/kg CV-2619, and 37.1 +/- 0.8% (n = 9, P less than 0.001) in the group given 70 mg/kg CV-2619. These results suggest that the stabilizing effect of CV-2619 on the membrane of RBC is involved in its therapeutic effects in cerebral vascular disorders.

Topics: Animals; Benzoquinones; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Erythrocyte Aging; Half-Life; Hemolysis; Male; Quinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Ubiquinone

In experiments with male Wistar rats the influence of the non-saponifiable constituents of dietary fats: dl-alpha-tocopherol (60 ppm), dl-gamma-tocopherol (480 ppm), ubiquinone (96 ppm) and beta-sitosterol (3035 ppm) on the tocopherol status was investigated, considering the fatty acid composition of the tested fats. For a test period of eight weeks the animals were fed isoenergetic diets containing three types of dietary fats: corn oil (60% PUFA), a kind of "stripped corn oil" (60% PUFA) and butter (nearly 5% PUFA). Independent of the PUFA-content of the diet, the tocopherol supplementations were able to stabilize the erythrocyte membrane; the calculated hemolysis rates were about 2%. The absence of tocopherols in the diets ("stripped corn oil", butter) caused an increase of the hemolysis rate up to 70% after two weeks. The original amounts of tocopherols in corn oil tended to minimize the hemolysis. Ubiquinone and beta-sitosterol did not reduce the hemolysis rates when they were applied without tocopherols. With respect to creatine-phosphokinase activity, creatine and creatinine excretion the results were similar. Plasma and erythrocyte levels of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol were determined in all groups and discussed in connection with the other examined parameters of tocopherol status. The ultimate result of this experiment is that the content of tocopherols in dietary fats is not always adequate to keep vitamin E status normal, especially if polyunsaturated fatty acid content is high in the diet. Reflecting the vitamin E adequacy of dietary fats, not only alpha-tocopherol but also gamma-tocopherol should be much more considered than previously.

Topics: Animals; Butter; Dietary Fats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Hemolysis; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sitosterols; Structure-Activity Relationship; Triglycerides; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E; Zea mays

Topics: Aging; Animals; Body Weight; Female; Hemolysis; Immunosuppression Therapy; Liver; Mice; Mitochondria; Organ Size; Spleen; Thymus Gland; Ubiquinone

Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bone Marrow; Chemotaxis; Exocytosis; Hemolysis; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mononuclear Phagocyte System; Phagocytosis; Polysaccharides; Species Specificity; Spleen; Structure-Activity Relationship; Ubiquinone

Topics: Animals; Electron Transport Complex IV; Hemolysis; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mitochondria, Liver; Streptolysins; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Ubiquinone

Topics: Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; Electron Transport; Erythrocytes; Hemolysis; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E

Topics: Animals; Erythrocytes, Abnormal; Haplorhini; Hemolysis; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E Deficiency

Topics: Aldehydes; Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; Electrons; Ergocalciferols; Glycosides; Hemolysis; Hydroquinones; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron; Oxidation-Reduction; Rabbits; Research; Squalene; Ubiquinone; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 1; Vitamins