ubiquinone and HIV-Infections

Unprecedented community containment measures were taken following the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy. The aim of the study was to explore the self-reported future compliance of citizens with such measures and its relationship with potentially impactful psychological variables.. An online survey was completed by 931 people (18-76 years) distributed across the Italian territory. In addition to demographics, five dimensions were measured: self-reported compliance with containment measures over time (today, at 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, and 180 days from now) at three hypothetical risk levels (10, 50, 90% of likelihood of contracting the COVID-19), perceived risk, generalized anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and relevance of several psychological needs whose satisfaction is currently precluded.. The duration of containment measures plays a crucial role in tackling the spread of the disease as people will be less compliant over time. Psychological needs of citizens impacting on the compliance should be taken into account when planning an easing of the lockdown, along with interventions for protecting vulnerable groups from mental distress.. La apendicitis aguda (AA) es la urgencia quirúrgica abdominal más frecuente. No encontramos estudios específicos que evalúen el impacto de la pandemia causada por el coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) sobre la AA y su tratamiento quirúrgico. Analizamos la influencia de esta nueva patología sobre la AA.. Estudio observacional retrospectivo en pacientes intervenidos por AA desde enero hasta abril de 2020. Fueron clasificados según el momento de la apendicectomía, antes de la declaración del estado de alarma (Pre-COVID19) y después de la declaración del estado de alarma (Post-COVID19) en España. Se evaluaron variables demográficas, duración de la sintomatología, tipo de apendicitis, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria y complicaciones postoperatorias.. La pandemia por SARS-Cov-2 influye en el momento de diagnóstico de la apendicitis, así como en su grado de evolución y estancia hospitalaria. La peritonitis fue lo más frecuentemente observado. Una sospecha y orientación clínica más temprana, es necesaria para evitar un manejo inadecuado de este trastorno quirúrgico común.. The primary outcome is improvement in PaO. Findings will provide timely information on the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of t-PA to treat moderate/severe COVID-19-induced ARDS, which can be rapidly adapted to a phase III trial (NCT04357730; FDA IND 149634).. None.. The gut barrier is crucial in cirrhosis in preventing infection-causing bacteria that normally live in the gut from accessing the liver and other organs via the bloodstream. Herein, we characterised gut inflammation by measuring different markers in stool samples from patients at different stages of cirrhosis and comparing this to healthy people. These markers, when compared with equivalent markers usually measured in blood, were found to be very different in pattern and absolute levels, suggesting that there is significant gut inflammation in cirrhosis related to different immune system pathways to that seen outside of the gut. This provides new insights into gut-specific immune disturbances that predispose to complications of cirrhosis, and emphasises that a better understanding of the gut-liver axis is necessary to develop better targeted therapies.. La surveillance de l’intervalle QT a suscité beaucoup d’intérêt durant la pandémie de la COVID-19 en raison de l’utilisation de médicaments prolongeant l’intervalle QT et les préoccupations quant à la transmission virale par les électrocardiogrammes (ECG) en série. Nous avons posé l’hypothèse que la surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT par télémétrie était associée à une meilleure détection des épisodes de prolongation de l’intervalle QT.. Nous avons introduit la télémétrie cardiaque en continu (TCC) à l’aide d’un algorithme de surveillance automatisée de l’intervalle QT dans nos unités de COVID-19. Les mesures automatisées quotidiennes de l’intervalle QT corrigé (auto-QTc) en fonction de la fréquence cardiaque maximale ont été enregistrées. Nous avons comparé la proportion des épisodes de prolongation marquée de l’intervalle QTc (QTc long), définie par un intervalle QTc ≥ 500 ms, chez les patients montrant une suspicion de COVID-19 ou ayant la COVID-19 qui avaient été admis avant et après la mise en place de la TCC (groupe témoin. La surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT est supérieure à la norme de soins dans la détection des épisodes de QTc long et exige peu d’ECG. La réponse clinique aux épisodes de QTc long est sous-optimale.. Exposure to a model wildfire air pollution source modifies cardiovascular responses to HC challenge, suggesting air pollution sensitizes the body to systemic triggers.. Though the majority of HIV-infected adults who were on HAART had shown viral suppression, the rate of suppression was sub-optimal according to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target to help end the AIDS pandemic by 2020. Nonetheless, the rate of immunological recovery in the study cohort was low. Hence, early initiation of HAART should be strengthened to achieve good virological suppression and immunological recovery.. Dust in Egyptian laying hen houses contains high concentrations of microorganisms and endotoxins, which might impair the health of birds and farmers when inhaled. Furthermore, laying hens in Egypt seem to be a reservoir for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Thus, farmers are at risk of exposure to ESBL-producing bacteria, and colonized hens might transmit these bacteria into the food chain.. The lack of significant differences in the absolute changes and relative ratios of injury and repair biomarkers by contrast-associated AKI status suggests that the majority of mild contrast-associated AKI cases may be driven by hemodynamic changes at the kidney.. Most comparisons for different outcomes are based on very few studies, mostly low-powered, with an overall low CoE. Thus, the available evidence is considered insufficient to either support or refute CH effectiveness or to recommend one ICM over another. Therefore, further well-designed, larger RCTs are required.. PROSPERO database Identifier: CRD42016041953.. Untouched root canal at cross-section perimeter, the Hero 642 system showed 41.44% ± 5.62% and Reciproc R40 58.67% ± 12.39% without contact with instruments. Regarding the untouched area, Hero 642 system showed 22.78% ± 6.42% and Reciproc R40 34.35% ± 8.52%. Neither instrument achieved complete cross-sectional root canal debridement. Hero 642 system rotary taper 0.02 instruments achieved significant greater wall contact perimeter and area compared to reciprocate the Reciproc R40 taper 0.06 instrument.. Hero 642 achieved higher wall contact perimeter and area but, regardless of instrument size and taper, vital pulp during. The functional properties of the main mechanisms involved in the control of muscle Ca. This study showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of the iron-responsive product DHA in arthritis can be monitored by an iron-like radioactive tracer (. Attenuated vascular reactivity during pregnancy suggests that the systemic vasodilatory state partially depletes nitric oxide bioavailability. Preliminary data support the potential for MRI to identify vascular dysfunction in vivo that underlies PE. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:447-455.. La evaluación de riesgo es importante para predecir los resultados postoperatorios en pacientes con cáncer gastroesofágico. Este estudio de cohortes tuvo como objetivo evaluar los cambios en la composición corporal durante la quimioterapia neoadyuvante e investigar su asociación con complicaciones postoperatorias. MÉTODOS: Los pacientes consecutivos con cáncer gastroesofágico sometidos a quimioterapia neoadyuvante y cirugía con intención curativa entre 2016 y 2019, identificados a partir de una base de datos específica, se incluyeron en el estudio. Se utilizaron las imágenes de tomografía computarizada, antes y después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante, para evaluar el índice de masa muscular esquelética, la sarcopenia y el índice de grasa visceral y subcutánea.. In this in vitro premature infant lung model, HF oscillation of BCPAP was associated with improved CO. Our results showed that HPC significantly promotes neurogenesis after MCAO and ameliorates neuronal injury.. Inflammatory markers are highly related to signs of systemic hypoperfusion in CS. Moreover, high PCT and IL-6 levels are associated with poor prognosis.. These findings indicate that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has a protective potential against stroke through modulation of redox and electrolyte imbalances, and attenuation of neurotransmitter dysregulation and other neurochemical dysfunctions. Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit could be a promising source for the discovery of bioactives for stroke therapy.

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; A Kinase Anchor Proteins; Acetates; Achilles Tendon; Acute Kidney Injury; Acute Pain; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Adenine Nucleotides; Adhesins, Escherichia coli; Adipocytes; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipogenesis; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Algorithms; Alkaloids; Alkynes; Allosteric Regulation; Amines; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aminopyridines; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Anaerobic Threshold; Angiography; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animal Distribution; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antifungal Agents; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Aotidae; Apelin; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Argentina; Arginine; Artemisinins; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroscopy; Aspergillus; Aspergillus niger; Asteraceae; Asthma; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Auditory Cortex; Autoantibodies; Autophagy; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Basketball; Beclin-1; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzimidazoles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzofurans; Benzoxazines; Bereavement; beta Catenin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams; Betacoronavirus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biofilms; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Evolution; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biopolymers; Biopsy; Bismuth; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Boron; Botrytis; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brazil; Breast Neoplasms; Breath Tests; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Burkholderia; C-Reactive Protein; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cameroon; Camptothecin; Candida; Candida albicans; Capillaries; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Carps; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Catalysis; Cats; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Centrosome; Ceratopogonidae; Chickens; Child; China; Cholera Toxin; Choline; Cholinesterases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Chronic Disease; Cinnamates; Cities; Citrates; Climate Change; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Coal; Coal Mining; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Colchicine; Colony Count, Microbial; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Common Cold; Complement Factor H; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Contrast Media; Coordination Complexes; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Cosmetics; COVID-19; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Culicidae; Culture Media; Curcuma; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Cymbopogon; Cystine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Databases, Genetic; Death; Dendritic Cells; Density Functional Theory; Depsides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diamond; Diarylheptanoids; Dibenzofurans; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; Diclofenac; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dioxins; Diphenylamine; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Susceptibility; Disulfides; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Doublecortin Protein; Drosophila melanogaster; Droughts; Drug Carriers; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Dust; Dynactin Complex; Dysferlin; Echo-Planar Imaging; Echocardiography; Edaravone; Egypt; Elasticity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Emodin; Emtricitabine; Endometriosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Endotoxins; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epidemiologic Factors; Epigenesis, Genetic; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Vaccines; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Esophagogastric Junction; Esterases; Esterification; Ethanol; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Eucalyptus; Evidence-Based Practice; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Family; Fatty Acids; Feedback; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Filtration; Fish Diseases; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Follow-Up Studies; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Forests; Fossils; Free Radical Scavengers; Freund's Adjuvant; Fruit; Fungi; Gallium; Gender Identity; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genitalia; Genotype; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Glottis; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucuronides; Glutathione Transferase; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Grassland; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Head Kidney; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Heart Septum; HEK293 Cells; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Hemodynamics; Hep G2 Cells; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Hepatocytes; Hesperidin; High-Frequency Ventilation; High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; Hippocampus; Hirudins; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; HIV Infections; Homeostasis; Hominidae; Housing, Animal; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Brominated; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Immunoconjugates; Immunogenic Cell Death; Indoles; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Infrared Rays; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Injections, Intravenous; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-6; Intermediate Filaments; Intermittent Claudication; Intestine, Small; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Iron; Isomerism; Isotope Labeling; Isoxazoles; Itraconazole; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Ketoprofen; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Lactobacillus; Lactulose; Lakes; Lamivudine; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Laryngoscopy; Leucine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Lipid A; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Losartan; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lupinus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Machine Learning; Macular Degeneration; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Magnetic Phenomena; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetics; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mannans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mass Spectrometry; Melatonin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Meniscectomy; Menisci, Tibial; Mephenytoin; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Metal Nanoparticles; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Mice, Obese; Mice, Transgenic; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microcirculation; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Video; Microtubules; Microvascular Density; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Models, Animal; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Models, Theoretical; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Morus; Mouth Floor; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Multiple Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; NAD; NADP; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Naphthols; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Neisseria meningitidis; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroblastoma; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; New York; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NF-kappa B; Nicotine; Nitriles; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Fixation; North America; Observer Variation; Occupational Exposure; Ochrobactrum; Oils, Volatile; Olea; Oligosaccharides; Omeprazole; Open Field Test; Optimism; Oregon; Oryzias; Osmolar Concentration; Osteoarthritis; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Oxadiazoles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Ozone; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pakistan; Pandemics; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Patient-Centered Care; Pelargonium; Peptides; Perception; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Peroxides; Pets; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacogenetics; Phenobarbital; Phenols; Phenotype; Phosphates; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphines; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Photoacoustic Techniques; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phylogeny; Phytoestrogens; Pilot Projects; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plant Immunity; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Plasmodium berghei; Plasmodium falciparum; Platelet Activation; Platelet Function Tests; Pneumonia, Viral; Poaceae; Pogostemon; Poloxamer; Poly I; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Polycyclic Compounds; Polyethylene Glycols; Polylysine; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Population Dynamics; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Postoperative Complications; Postprandial Period; Potassium Cyanide; Predictive Value of Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prepulse Inhibition; Prevalence; Procalcitonin; Prodrugs; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Proline; Proof of Concept Study; Prospective Studies; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Protein Folding; Protein Multimerization; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Structure, Secondary; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Protozoan Proteins; Psychometrics; Pulse Wave Analysis; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quality of Life; Quantum Dots; Quinoxalines; Quorum Sensing; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rain; Random Allocation; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, PAR-1; Receptors, CXCR4; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Interleukin-17; Receptors, Notch; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reducing Agents; Reflex, Startle; Regional Blood Flow; Regression Analysis; Reperfusion Injury; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Rhinitis, Allergic; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Rituximab; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; ROC Curve; Rosmarinic Acid; Running; Ruthenium; Rutin; Sarcolemma; Sarcoma; Sarcopenia; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; SARS-CoV-2; Scavenger Receptors, Class A; Schools; Seasons; Seeds; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Shock, Cardiogenic; Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases; Signal Transduction; Silver; Singlet Oxygen; Sinusitis; Skin; Skin Absorption; Small Molecule Libraries; Smoke; Socioeconomic Factors; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Solid Phase Extraction; Solubility; Solvents; Spain; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Speech; Speech Perception; Spindle Poles; Spleen; Sporothrix; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Stereoisomerism; Stomach Neoplasms; Stress, Physiological; Stroke Volume; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Sulfonamides; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature; Tenofovir; Terpenes; Tetracycline; Tetrapleura; Textiles; Thermodynamics; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thrombin; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Toluidines; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth; Tramadol; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription, Genetic; Transfection; Transgender Persons; Translations; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Ubiquinone; Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; United Kingdom; United States; Up-Regulation; Vascular Stiffness; Veins; Ventricular Remodeling; Viral Load; Virulence Factors; Virus Replication; Vitis; Voice; Voice Quality; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water-Electrolyte Balance; Weather; Wildfires; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Wound Healing; X-Ray Diffraction; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Young Adult; Zoogloea

The role of antioxidants in preventing apoptosis and viral activation in HIV is well documented. N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, and alpha-lipoic acid have been shown to interrupt the process of viral activation and CD4 cell death. L-glutamine has been shown to improve glutathione levels and significantly increase lean body mass in HIV infection. The literature on the use of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine in treating mitochondrial toxicity, both in muscle and nerve pathologies is relevant in nutritional treatment of HIV, given the mitochondrial toxicity of nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy. The current use of highly active antiviral therapies, their toxicity, and significant failure rates have created the need for a more conservative reassessment of HIV treatment. The adjunctive use of nutrient therapy in the treatment of HIV is reviewed here.

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Carnitine; Complementary Therapies; Glutamine; HIV Infections; Humans; Thioctic Acid; Ubiquinone

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Glutathione Peroxidase; HIV Infections; Humans; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E

Unprecedented community containment measures were taken following the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy. The aim of the study was to explore the self-reported future compliance of citizens with such measures and its relationship with potentially impactful psychological variables.. An online survey was completed by 931 people (18-76 years) distributed across the Italian territory. In addition to demographics, five dimensions were measured: self-reported compliance with containment measures over time (today, at 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, and 180 days from now) at three hypothetical risk levels (10, 50, 90% of likelihood of contracting the COVID-19), perceived risk, generalized anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and relevance of several psychological needs whose satisfaction is currently precluded.. The duration of containment measures plays a crucial role in tackling the spread of the disease as people will be less compliant over time. Psychological needs of citizens impacting on the compliance should be taken into account when planning an easing of the lockdown, along with interventions for protecting vulnerable groups from mental distress.. La apendicitis aguda (AA) es la urgencia quirúrgica abdominal más frecuente. No encontramos estudios específicos que evalúen el impacto de la pandemia causada por el coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) sobre la AA y su tratamiento quirúrgico. Analizamos la influencia de esta nueva patología sobre la AA.. Estudio observacional retrospectivo en pacientes intervenidos por AA desde enero hasta abril de 2020. Fueron clasificados según el momento de la apendicectomía, antes de la declaración del estado de alarma (Pre-COVID19) y después de la declaración del estado de alarma (Post-COVID19) en España. Se evaluaron variables demográficas, duración de la sintomatología, tipo de apendicitis, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria y complicaciones postoperatorias.. La pandemia por SARS-Cov-2 influye en el momento de diagnóstico de la apendicitis, así como en su grado de evolución y estancia hospitalaria. La peritonitis fue lo más frecuentemente observado. Una sospecha y orientación clínica más temprana, es necesaria para evitar un manejo inadecuado de este trastorno quirúrgico común.. The primary outcome is improvement in PaO. Findings will provide timely information on the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of t-PA to treat moderate/severe COVID-19-induced ARDS, which can be rapidly adapted to a phase III trial (NCT04357730; FDA IND 149634).. None.. The gut barrier is crucial in cirrhosis in preventing infection-causing bacteria that normally live in the gut from accessing the liver and other organs via the bloodstream. Herein, we characterised gut inflammation by measuring different markers in stool samples from patients at different stages of cirrhosis and comparing this to healthy people. These markers, when compared with equivalent markers usually measured in blood, were found to be very different in pattern and absolute levels, suggesting that there is significant gut inflammation in cirrhosis related to different immune system pathways to that seen outside of the gut. This provides new insights into gut-specific immune disturbances that predispose to complications of cirrhosis, and emphasises that a better understanding of the gut-liver axis is necessary to develop better targeted therapies.. La surveillance de l’intervalle QT a suscité beaucoup d’intérêt durant la pandémie de la COVID-19 en raison de l’utilisation de médicaments prolongeant l’intervalle QT et les préoccupations quant à la transmission virale par les électrocardiogrammes (ECG) en série. Nous avons posé l’hypothèse que la surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT par télémétrie était associée à une meilleure détection des épisodes de prolongation de l’intervalle QT.. Nous avons introduit la télémétrie cardiaque en continu (TCC) à l’aide d’un algorithme de surveillance automatisée de l’intervalle QT dans nos unités de COVID-19. Les mesures automatisées quotidiennes de l’intervalle QT corrigé (auto-QTc) en fonction de la fréquence cardiaque maximale ont été enregistrées. Nous avons comparé la proportion des épisodes de prolongation marquée de l’intervalle QTc (QTc long), définie par un intervalle QTc ≥ 500 ms, chez les patients montrant une suspicion de COVID-19 ou ayant la COVID-19 qui avaient été admis avant et après la mise en place de la TCC (groupe témoin. La surveillance en continu de l’intervalle QT est supérieure à la norme de soins dans la détection des épisodes de QTc long et exige peu d’ECG. La réponse clinique aux épisodes de QTc long est sous-optimale.. Exposure to a model wildfire air pollution source modifies cardiovascular responses to HC challenge, suggesting air pollution sensitizes the body to systemic triggers.. Though the majority of HIV-infected adults who were on HAART had shown viral suppression, the rate of suppression was sub-optimal according to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target to help end the AIDS pandemic by 2020. Nonetheless, the rate of immunological recovery in the study cohort was low. Hence, early initiation of HAART should be strengthened to achieve good virological suppression and immunological recovery.. Dust in Egyptian laying hen houses contains high concentrations of microorganisms and endotoxins, which might impair the health of birds and farmers when inhaled. Furthermore, laying hens in Egypt seem to be a reservoir for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Thus, farmers are at risk of exposure to ESBL-producing bacteria, and colonized hens might transmit these bacteria into the food chain.. The lack of significant differences in the absolute changes and relative ratios of injury and repair biomarkers by contrast-associated AKI status suggests that the majority of mild contrast-associated AKI cases may be driven by hemodynamic changes at the kidney.. Most comparisons for different outcomes are based on very few studies, mostly low-powered, with an overall low CoE. Thus, the available evidence is considered insufficient to either support or refute CH effectiveness or to recommend one ICM over another. Therefore, further well-designed, larger RCTs are required.. PROSPERO database Identifier: CRD42016041953.. Untouched root canal at cross-section perimeter, the Hero 642 system showed 41.44% ± 5.62% and Reciproc R40 58.67% ± 12.39% without contact with instruments. Regarding the untouched area, Hero 642 system showed 22.78% ± 6.42% and Reciproc R40 34.35% ± 8.52%. Neither instrument achieved complete cross-sectional root canal debridement. Hero 642 system rotary taper 0.02 instruments achieved significant greater wall contact perimeter and area compared to reciprocate the Reciproc R40 taper 0.06 instrument.. Hero 642 achieved higher wall contact perimeter and area but, regardless of instrument size and taper, vital pulp during. The functional properties of the main mechanisms involved in the control of muscle Ca. This study showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of the iron-responsive product DHA in arthritis can be monitored by an iron-like radioactive tracer (. Attenuated vascular reactivity during pregnancy suggests that the systemic vasodilatory state partially depletes nitric oxide bioavailability. Preliminary data support the potential for MRI to identify vascular dysfunction in vivo that underlies PE. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:447-455.. La evaluación de riesgo es importante para predecir los resultados postoperatorios en pacientes con cáncer gastroesofágico. Este estudio de cohortes tuvo como objetivo evaluar los cambios en la composición corporal durante la quimioterapia neoadyuvante e investigar su asociación con complicaciones postoperatorias. MÉTODOS: Los pacientes consecutivos con cáncer gastroesofágico sometidos a quimioterapia neoadyuvante y cirugía con intención curativa entre 2016 y 2019, identificados a partir de una base de datos específica, se incluyeron en el estudio. Se utilizaron las imágenes de tomografía computarizada, antes y después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante, para evaluar el índice de masa muscular esquelética, la sarcopenia y el índice de grasa visceral y subcutánea.. In this in vitro premature infant lung model, HF oscillation of BCPAP was associated with improved CO. Our results showed that HPC significantly promotes neurogenesis after MCAO and ameliorates neuronal injury.. Inflammatory markers are highly related to signs of systemic hypoperfusion in CS. Moreover, high PCT and IL-6 levels are associated with poor prognosis.. These findings indicate that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has a protective potential against stroke through modulation of redox and electrolyte imbalances, and attenuation of neurotransmitter dysregulation and other neurochemical dysfunctions. Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit could be a promising source for the discovery of bioactives for stroke therapy.

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; A Kinase Anchor Proteins; Acetates; Achilles Tendon; Acute Kidney Injury; Acute Pain; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Adenine Nucleotides; Adhesins, Escherichia coli; Adipocytes; Adipocytes, Brown; Adipogenesis; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Algorithms; Alkaloids; Alkynes; Allosteric Regulation; Amines; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Aminopyridines; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Anaerobic Threshold; Angiography; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animal Distribution; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antifungal Agents; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antioxidants; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Aotidae; Apelin; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Argentina; Arginine; Artemisinins; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroscopy; Aspergillus; Aspergillus niger; Asteraceae; Asthma; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Auditory Cortex; Autoantibodies; Autophagy; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Basketball; Beclin-1; Benzhydryl Compounds; Benzimidazoles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzofurans; Benzoxazines; Bereavement; beta Catenin; beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams; Betacoronavirus; Betaine; Binding Sites; Biofilms; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Evolution; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biopolymers; Biopsy; Bismuth; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Regeneration; Boron; Botrytis; Brain Ischemia; Brain Neoplasms; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brazil; Breast Neoplasms; Breath Tests; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Burkholderia; C-Reactive Protein; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cameroon; Camptothecin; Candida; Candida albicans; Capillaries; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Carbohydrate Conformation; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Cardiotonic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Carps; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Catalysis; Cats; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Centrosome; Ceratopogonidae; Chickens; Child; China; Cholera Toxin; Choline; Cholinesterases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Chronic Disease; Cinnamates; Cities; Citrates; Climate Change; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Coal; Coal Mining; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Colchicine; Colony Count, Microbial; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Common Cold; Complement Factor H; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Contrast Media; Coordination Complexes; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Cosmetics; COVID-19; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Culicidae; Culture Media; Curcuma; Cyclopentanes; Cyclopropanes; Cymbopogon; Cystine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Databases, Genetic; Death; Dendritic Cells; Density Functional Theory; Depsides; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diamond; Diarylheptanoids; Dibenzofurans; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; Diclofenac; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dioxins; Diphenylamine; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Susceptibility; Disulfides; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Doublecortin Protein; Drosophila melanogaster; Droughts; Drug Carriers; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Dust; Dynactin Complex; Dysferlin; Echo-Planar Imaging; Echocardiography; Edaravone; Egypt; Elasticity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Emodin; Emtricitabine; Endometriosis; Endothelium, Vascular; Endotoxins; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epidemiologic Factors; Epigenesis, Genetic; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Vaccines; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Esophagogastric Junction; Esterases; Esterification; Ethanol; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Eucalyptus; Evidence-Based Practice; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Family; Fatty Acids; Feedback; Female; Ferric Compounds; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Filtration; Fish Diseases; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Follow-Up Studies; Food Microbiology; Food Preservation; Forests; Fossils; Free Radical Scavengers; Freund's Adjuvant; Fruit; Fungi; Gallium; Gender Identity; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, Plant; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genitalia; Genotype; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Glottis; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucuronides; Glutathione Transferase; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Grassland; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Head Kidney; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; Heart Septum; HEK293 Cells; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Hemodynamics; Hep G2 Cells; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Hepatocytes; Hesperidin; High-Frequency Ventilation; High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; Hippocampus; Hirudins; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; HIV Infections; Homeostasis; Hominidae; Housing, Animal; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Brominated; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Immunoconjugates; Immunogenic Cell Death; Indoles; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Infrared Rays; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Injections, Intravenous; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-6; Intermediate Filaments; Intermittent Claudication; Intestine, Small; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Iron; Isomerism; Isotope Labeling; Isoxazoles; Itraconazole; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Ketoprofen; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Lactobacillus; Lactulose; Lakes; Lamivudine; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Laryngoscopy; Leucine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Lipid A; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Losartan; Low Back Pain; Lung; Lupinus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Machine Learning; Macular Degeneration; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Magnetic Phenomena; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetics; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mannans; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mass Spectrometry; Melatonin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Meniscectomy; Menisci, Tibial; Mephenytoin; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Metal Nanoparticles; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Mice, Obese; Mice, Transgenic; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microcirculation; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Video; Microtubules; Microvascular Density; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Models, Animal; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Models, Theoretical; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Morus; Mouth Floor; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Multiple Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Muscle, Skeletal; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; NAD; NADP; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Naphthols; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nasal Mucosa; Neisseria meningitidis; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroblastoma; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; New York; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NF-kappa B; Nicotine; Nitriles; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Fixation; North America; Observer Variation; Occupational Exposure; Ochrobactrum; Oils, Volatile; Olea; Oligosaccharides; Omeprazole; Open Field Test; Optimism; Oregon; Oryzias; Osmolar Concentration; Osteoarthritis; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Oxadiazoles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Ozone; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pakistan; Pandemics; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Patient-Centered Care; Pelargonium; Peptides; Perception; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Peroxides; Pets; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacogenetics; Phenobarbital; Phenols; Phenotype; Phosphates; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphines; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Photoacoustic Techniques; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phylogeny; Phytoestrogens; Pilot Projects; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plant Immunity; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Plasmodium berghei; Plasmodium falciparum; Platelet Activation; Platelet Function Tests; Pneumonia, Viral; Poaceae; Pogostemon; Poloxamer; Poly I; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Polycyclic Compounds; Polyethylene Glycols; Polylysine; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Population Dynamics; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Postoperative Complications; Postprandial Period; Potassium Cyanide; Predictive Value of Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prepulse Inhibition; Prevalence; Procalcitonin; Prodrugs; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Proline; Proof of Concept Study; Prospective Studies; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Domains; Protein Folding; Protein Multimerization; Protein Sorting Signals; Protein Structure, Secondary; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Protozoan Proteins; Psychometrics; Pulse Wave Analysis; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quality of Life; Quantum Dots; Quinoxalines; Quorum Sensing; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rain; Random Allocation; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptor, PAR-1; Receptors, CXCR4; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Interleukin-17; Receptors, Notch; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reducing Agents; Reflex, Startle; Regional Blood Flow; Regression Analysis; Reperfusion Injury; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Rhinitis, Allergic; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Rituximab; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; ROC Curve; Rosmarinic Acid; Running; Ruthenium; Rutin; Sarcolemma; Sarcoma; Sarcopenia; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; SARS-CoV-2; Scavenger Receptors, Class A; Schools; Seasons; Seeds; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Shock, Cardiogenic; Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases; Signal Transduction; Silver; Singlet Oxygen; Sinusitis; Skin; Skin Absorption; Small Molecule Libraries; Smoke; Socioeconomic Factors; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Solid Phase Extraction; Solubility; Solvents; Spain; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Speech; Speech Perception; Spindle Poles; Spleen; Sporothrix; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Stereoisomerism; Stomach Neoplasms; Stress, Physiological; Stroke Volume; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Sulfonamides; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature; Tenofovir; Terpenes; Tetracycline; Tetrapleura; Textiles; Thermodynamics; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thrombin; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Titanium; Toluidines; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth; Tramadol; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription, Genetic; Transfection; Transgender Persons; Translations; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Ubiquinone; Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; United Kingdom; United States; Up-Regulation; Vascular Stiffness; Veins; Ventricular Remodeling; Viral Load; Virulence Factors; Virus Replication; Vitis; Voice; Voice Quality; Wastewater; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water-Electrolyte Balance; Weather; Wildfires; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Wound Healing; X-Ray Diffraction; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Young Adult; Zoogloea

Mitochondrial toxicity can be induced by reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and an association between levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) per cell and lipodystrophy, peripheral neuropathy, and HIV infection per se has been suggested. Studies aimed at increasing the oxidative capacity in HIV-infected patients have been sparse.. Levels of mtDNA in fat and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 25 HIV infected patients and 10 healthy control subjects were studied with real-time PCR analysis. A placebo-controlled and double-blind design was used to assign individuals to receive either 100 mg of coenzyme Q twice daily for 3 months or a matching placebo regimen. Levels of mtDNA and other parameters were assessed before and after the intervention period.. The mean number of mtDNA copies per cell was lower in fat tissue obtained from patients with peripheral neuropathy (1547 mtDNA copies/cell; P=.045), patients with lipodystrophy (1732 mtDNA copies/cell; P=.003) and in HIV patients with no complications associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (2935 mtDNA copies/cell; P=.078), compared with healthy control subjects (6198 mtDNA copies/cell). No clear difference was seen in mtDNA content in PBMCs. Coenzyme Q therapy improved the general condition of patients (P=.005) and caused a reversible increase in peripheral neuropathy pain (P=.048). Compared with placebo, treatment with coenzyme Q did not result in changes in mtDNA levels in fat cells or in PBMCs after the treatment period.. Levels of mtDNA in fat tissue, but not in PBMCs, were associated with peripheral neuropathy and lipodystrophy. High-dose coenzyme Q therapy increased well-being in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients and those with lipodystrophy, as well as in control subjects, but aggravated pain in patients with peripheral neuropathy.

Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aged; DNA, Mitochondrial; Double-Blind Method; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Ubiquinone

No treatment exists for mitochondrial dysfunction, a contributor to end-organ disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The mitochondrial antioxidant mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in preclinical mouse models of various diseases but has not been used in HIV. We used a humanized murine model of chronic HIV infection and polymerase chain reaction to show that HIV-1-infected mice treated with antiretroviral therapy and MitoQ for 90 days had higher ratios of human and murine mitochondrial to nuclear DNA in end organs compared with HIV-1-infected mice on antiretroviral therapy. We offer translational evidence of MitoQ as treatment for mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Mitochondrial; HIV Infections; Humans; Mice; Mitochondria; Organophosphorus Compounds; Ubiquinone

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; HIV Infections; Mesylates; Mice; Organophosphorus Compounds; Ubiquinone

HIV infection is associated with symptoms of accelerated or accentuated aging that are likely to be driven not only by HIV itself but also by the toxicity of long-term use of antiretroviral drugs. Therefore, it is crucially important to understand the mechanisms by which antiretroviral drugs may contribute to aging. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that antiretroviral drugs cause increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that results in mitochondrial dysfunction and culminates in promoting cellular senescence. In addition, we applied targeted nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery to specifically enrich mitochondria with coenzyme Q

Topics: Animals; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antioxidants; Cell Line; Cellular Senescence; HIV Infections; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mitochondria; Nanoparticles; Neural Stem Cells; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sirtuin 3; Ubiquinone

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency has been associated with statin-induced myopathy, and supplementation with CoQ10 may reduce inflammation markers. The effects of statins on CoQ10 and its anti-inflammatory properties have not been investigated in HIV-positive patients.. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of rosuvastatin on CoQ10 and CoQ10/LDL ratio over 24-week SATURN-HIV trial, explore the associations between CoQ10 levels and markers of vascular disease, inflammation, and immune activation, and assess whether changes in CoQ10 affected the anti-inflammatory effects of statin therapy or were associated with myalgia symptoms.. This was a secondary analysis of the SATURN-HIV trial, a 96-week randomized clinical trial of 10 mg daily rosuvastatin vs. placebo in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. We assessed the statin treatment effect on CoQ10 levels and CoQ10/LDL ratios and whether changes in these markers were related to myalgias. Relationships between CoQ10, subclinical vascular disease, and biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation were explored using Spearman correlations and multivariable regression models.. Overall, 147 patients were included. Median age was 46 years; 78% were male and 68% African American. At baseline, CoQ10 levels and CoQ10/LDL ratio were modestly correlated with markers of HIV disease, immune activation, and carotid distensibility. After 24 weeks of statin therapy, CoQ10 levels decreased (p = 0.002 for between group difference) and CoQ10/LDL ratio increased (p = 0.036). In the statin treatment arm, we did not find evidence of a relationship between changes in CoQ10 or CoQ10/LDL ration and changes in markers of inflammation or immune activation. There was a borderline statistically significant association between changes in CoQ10 and myalgia symptoms [OR 4.0 per 0.1 mg/L decrease in CoQ10, p = 0.07].. Twenty-four weeks of 10 mg daily rosuvastatin decreases CoQ10 concentration and increases CoQ10/LDL ratio in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Rosuvastatin Calcium; Ubiquinone; Viral Load

Co-enzyme Q10, or ubiquinone, is a nutrient that is produced in small amounts by the body and is also obtained from food. It plays a key role in helping the body convert food into energy. Co-enzyme Q10 is also an important antioxidant, the need for which appears to increase during HIV infection and in people who use certain lipid-lowering drugs called statins.

Topics: Anticholesteremic Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Coenzymes; HIV Infections; Humans; Ubiquinone