ubiquinone and Edema

Diabetes mellitus associated with mitochondrial tRNA mutation at position 3243(DM-Mt3243) is a new disease. Patients have a distinctly different picture from MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes). During observations at the Saiseikai Central Hospital, the following findings were noted in DM-Mt3243 patients: DM-Mt3243 patients are diagnosed earlier with diabetes, compared to NIDDM (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) controls without family history. DM-Mt3243 patients often need insulin more often than NIDDM controls without family history. Post-treatment neuropathy and insulin edema are often found in DM-Mt3243, and the two phenomena possibly have a similar pathophysiology related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Ambiguous psychiatric disorders of functional psychosis are observed frequently in DM-Mt3243. Mild headache is common in DM-Mt3243 cases. Ambiguous neuromuscular abnormalities such as sleep disturbance, paresthesia of the legs, edema of the legs, and palpitation may be symptoms associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in DM-Mt3243. Coenzyme Q may be effective in the relief of these neuromuscular symptoms.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coenzymes; Depression; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diagnosis, Differential; DNA, Mitochondrial; Edema; Female; Humans; Insulin; Male; Middle Aged; Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Point Mutation; Psychotic Disorders; RNA, Transfer, Leu; Ubiquinone

In this study we investigated benefits of a Pycnogenol - coenzyme Q10 combination (PycnoQ10) taken as an adjunct to medical treatment in stable heart failure patients. The aim of this single-blinded, 12-week observational study was to provide functional parameters such as exercise capacity, ejection fraction and distal edema.. The essential element for inclusion was a stable level of heart failure within the past three months and stable NYHA class II or III (6 months). The heart failure management was in accordance with AHA guidelines for "best treatment." The treatment and control groups were comparable at baseline. The mean age of the PycnoQ10-treated patients was 61.3+/-7.1 years and 62.1+/-3.7 in the control group. All patients were taking medication and most patients (>75%) used three or more drugs for heart failure treatment. There were two dropouts in the PycnoQ10 treatment group and 6 in the control group (5 NYHA III patients).. Nine PycnoQ10 treated patients (out of 32) and 3 (out of 21) taking placebo improved NYHA class. Systolic and diastolic pressure as well as heart rate and respiratory rate were significantly lowered with PycnoQ10 as compared to the control group (P<0.05). No significant changes were observed in controls. Heart ejection fraction increased by 22.4% in the treatment group (P<0.05) versus 4.0% in controls. Walking distance on treadmill increased 3.3-fold in PycnoQ10 treated patients (P<0.05) but marginally improved in the control group. Distal edema decreased significantly in PycnoQ10 treated patients and only slightly in controls.. The association of Pycnogenol and CoQ10 may offer an important therapeutic option with a very good tolerability that improves heart failure management without side effects.

Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Edema; Female; Flavonoids; Heart Failure; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Plant Extracts; Prospective Studies; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome; Ubiquinone; Ventricular Function, Left

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CoQ10 on the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) of skeletal muscle.. For ischemia induction, the animals were anesthetized and the external iliac vessels blocked for three hours. CoQ10 or vehicle was given intraperitoneally during ischemia, just before reperfusion. Four groups received 3,7,14 and 28 days' reperfusion, respectively, after the intraperitoneal injection of CoQ10 and four corresponding groups received vehicle only. After reperfusion, the gastrocnemius muscles were removed, fixed and stained for the analysis of edema and mast cell infiltration.. Immuno-histochemistry staining was performed for the detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and NF-κB. CoQ10-treated groups showed a significant decrease of mast cell infiltration in the gastrocnemius muscle and edema as compared with the corresponding non-treated groups. Also, CoQ10-treated groups showed a significant TNF-α and NF-κB expression decrease when compared to the corresponding non-treated controls. The results of this study showed CoQ10 administration with ischemia decreased interstitial edema, degeneration of muscle fibers and infiltration of mast cells.. It seems that CoQ10 has inhibitory effects on NF-κB and TNF-α activation.

Topics: Animals; Edema; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; NF-kappa B; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Ubiquinone

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of producing semisolid formulations based on nanocapsule suspensions containing the association of the coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E acetate by adding gellan gum (2%) to the suspensions. Furthermore, we studied their application as an alternative for the treatment of inflammation induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. For this, an animal model of injury induced by UVB-radiation was employed. All semisolids presented pH close to 5.5, drug content above 95% and mean diameter on the nanometric range, after redispersion in water. Besides, the semisolids presented non-Newtonian flow with pseudoplastic behavior and suitable spreadability factor values. The results also showed that the semisolid containing coenzyme Q10-loaded nanocapsules with higher vitamin E acetate concentration reduced in 73±8% the UVB radiation-induced ear edema. Moreover, all formulations tested were able to reduce inflammation parameters evaluated through MPO activity and histological procedure on injured tissue and the semisolids containing the nanoencapsulated coenzyme Q10 reduced oxidative parameters assessment through the non-protein thiols levels and lipid peroxidation. This way, the semisolids based on nanocapsules may be considered a promising approach for the treatment and prevention of skin inflammation diseases.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Edema; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Inflammation; Leukocytes; Light; Lipid Peroxidation; Mice; Nanocapsules; Nanostructures; Oxidative Stress; Particle Size; Peroxidase; Polysaccharides; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Radiation Injuries; Rheology; Skin; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sunburn; Tocopherols; Ubiquinone; Ultraviolet Rays

Considerable evidence demonstrated that the central role of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in the development of thermal hyperalgesia is associated to acute and chronic inflammation. Idebenone (IDE), a synthetic analogue of the endogenous cellular antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), is an active drug in the central nervous system which shows a protection in a variety of neurological disorders. Since it is lipophilic, poorly water soluble and highly bound to plasma proteins, different technological approaches have been explored to increase its solubility and new pharmaceutical properties. Therefore, it has been complexed with HP-β-cyclodextrins (HP) and its efficacy has been assessed in an animal model of carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia. All male rats used for this study received a subplantar injection of carrageenan into the right hindpaw in the presence or absence of IDE alone and IDE/HP complex. We observed that IDE poorly reduced painful carrageenan effects whereas IDE/HP complex was able to prevent carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia and edema in a dose-dependent manner, reducing spinal MDA levels and protein nitration. Hence, our results demonstrated that when complexed with HP, idebenone exerts a potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Topics: 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Compounding; Edema; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Ubiquinone

Gout is a type of arthritis, which could result from the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints. It can cause redness, burning pain, inflammation of joints especially in big toe. In this study, we have looked for anti-arthritic effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in rats and compared it with that of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin. The evaluation was done by measuring the paw volume, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, lysosomal enzymes (β-glcuronidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, acid phosphatase) activities and histopathological studies. Paw volume, the levels of lysosomal enzymes, lipid peroxidation were significantly (P<0.05) increased and the antioxidant activity status was in turn decreased in monosodium urate crystal-induced rats. CoQ10 (10mg/kg/b.w. orally) treated monosodium urate crystal-induced rats showed near normal activities of lysosomal enzymes, reduced levels of lipid peroxidation, near normal paw volume and antioxidant status. CoQ10 was also able to minimize mononuclear cell infiltration and damage to articular cartilage. Current study indicates that CoQ10 possesses anti-inflammatory effect against gouty arthritis and can be used to treat acute form of gouty arthritis.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Gouty; Edema; Female; Inflammation; Lipid Peroxidation; Lysosomes; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ubiquinone; Uric Acid

In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of methylprednisolone, coenzyme Q(10) and combined methylprednisolone and coenzyme Q(10) treatments on experimental spinal cord injury.. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were divided into four groups. Spinal cord injury (SCI) was performed by placement of an aneurysm clip, extradurally at the level of T4-5. After the trauma, group K (control group) received soybean oil, group M (methylprednisolone group) received 30 mg.kg-1 methylprednisolone and 5.4 mg.kg.hour-1 maintenance dose of methylprednisolone, group Q (coenzyme Q(10) group) received 10 mg.kg-1 coenzyme Q(10), group MQ (methylprednisolone and coenzyme Q(10) group) received 30 mg.kg-1 methylprednisolone and 5.4 mg.kg.hour-1 maintenance dose of methylprednisolone and 10 mg.kg-1 coenzyme Q(10) intraperitoneally. Twenty-four hours after the trauma spinal cord samples of the rats were obtained and tissue samples had been harvested for both biochemical and histopathological evaluation.. In histopathological examination, the edema pattern was significantly more severe in group K than the group M, group Q and group MQ (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between group M, group Q and group MQ regarding edema and bleeding (p>0.05). Mean superoxide dismutase (SOD) scores were significantly low while comparing the group K with all remaining groups and the group MQ comparing with the group M (p<0.05). Mean malondialdehyde (MDA) scores were low in the group M, Q and MQ in comparison with the group K, but there was no statistically significant difference between all groups (p>0.05).. Methylprednisolone, coenzyme Q(10) and combined methylprednisolone and coenzyme Q(10) treatments were found to be effective as they decrease the edema and coenzyme Q(10) could be effective for prevention of secondary injury at experimental SCI.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Edema; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injury Severity Score; Male; Methylprednisolone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord Injuries; Superoxide Dismutase; Thoracic Vertebrae; Ubiquinone