ubiquinone and Angina-Pectoris

The study included 1418 patients with FC I-IV stable angina of effort (42.4% men and 57.6% women, mean age 74.6 +/- 1.2 years). The possibility to supplement standard therapy with myocardial cytoprotectors (trimetasidin, mexidol, qudesan) was estimated in 4 groups of patients from the severity of pain syndrome, chronic cardiac insufficiency, and heart rhythm disturbances.

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Cytoprotection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Myocardium; Picolines; Trimetazidine; Ubiquinone

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Antioxidants; Cardiovascular Agents; Coenzymes; Cytoprotection; Female; Heart; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Physical Exertion; Time Factors; Ubiquinone

The effects of oral treatment with coenzyme Q10 (120 mg/d) were compared for 28 days in 73 (intervention group A) and 71 (placebo group B) patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). After treatment, angina pectoris (9.5 vs. 28.1), total arrhythmias (9.5% vs. 25.3%), and poor left ventricular function (8.2% vs. 22.5%) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the coenzyme Q group than placebo group. Total cardiac events, including cardiac deaths and nonfatal infarction, were also significantly reduced in the coenzyme Q10 group compared with the placebo group (15.0% vs. 30.9%, P < 0.02). The extent of cardiac disease, elevation in cardiac enzymes, and oxidative stress at entry to the study were comparable between the two groups. Lipid peroxides, diene conjugates, and malondialdehyde, which are indicators of oxidative stress, showed a greater reduction in the treatment group than in the placebo group. The antioxidants vitamin A, E, and C and beta-carotene, which were lower initially after AMI, increased more in the coenzyme Q10 group than in the placebo group. These findings suggest that coenzyme Q10 can provide rapid protective effects in patients with AMI if administered within 3 days of the onset of symptoms. More studies in a larger number of patients and long-term follow-up are needed to confirm our results.

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Antioxidants; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Coenzymes; Double-Blind Method; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Placebos; Time Factors; Ubiquinone

The effects of coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) on exercise performance were studied in 12 patients, average age 56 years, with stable angina pectoris. The study involved a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover protocol, using multistage treadmill exercise tests. CoQ10(150 mg/day in 3 daily doses) was administered orally for 4 weeks, tended to reduce anginal frequency from 5.3 +/- 4.9 to 2.5 +/- 3.3 attacks for 2 weeks and nitroglycerin consumption from 2.6 +/- 2.8 to 1.3 +/- 1.7 tablets for 2 weeks compared with patients receiving the placebo, but the reduction was not statistically significant. Exercise time increased from 345 +/- 102 seconds with placebo to 406 +/- 114 seconds during CoQ10 treatment (p less than 0.05). The time until 1 mm of ST-segment depression occurred increased from 196 +/- 76 seconds with placebo to 284 +/- 104 seconds during CoQ10 treatment (p less than 0.01). During the exercise test, ST-segment depression, heart rate and pressure-rate product at the same and at the maximal workload showed no significant difference between patients after placebo and CoQ10 administration. The average CoQ10 plasma concentration increased from 0.95 +/- 0.48 microgram/ml to 2.20 +/- 0.98 microgram/ml after CoQ10 treatment. This increase was significantly related to the increase in exercise duration (r = 0.68, p less than 0.001). Only 1 patient had a loss of appetite, but continued therapy. This study suggests that CoQ10 is a safe and promising treatment for angina pectoris.

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Chronic Disease; Coenzymes; Double-Blind Method; Electrocardiography; Exercise Test; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroglycerin; Random Allocation; Rest; Ubiquinone

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a common diagnosis and a leading cause of death in both males and females. It accounts for 30% of deaths worldwide, including 40% in high-income countries and approximately 28% in developing nations. Several cardiac markers have been used to diagnose and manage cardiovascular diseases. The Coenzyme Q

Topics: Adult; Angina Pectoris; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Troponin; Ubiquinone

Seven males with effort angina undertook graded ergometer tests and had muscle biopsies taken from their vastus lateralis muscle before, and three and six months after coronary bypass surgery. Muscle fibre composition (percentage of slow twitch fibres), ubiquinone (vitamin Q), and oxidative and fermentative enzyme activities were determined. After six months, muscle ubiquinone and oxidative enzymes were still depressed, indicating sustained muscle trauma. The only peripheral changes were that muscle lactate dehydrogenase and its skeletal muscle-specific subunits and isozymes were increased 35% to 40% (P < 0.001) three to six months postsurgery. Onset of blood lactate accumulation (2.0 mmol/L), symptom-limited ('maximal') exercise and peak blood lactate increased linearly over time (r = 0.52, P < 0.05; r = 0.63, P < 0.01; and r = 0.76, P < 0.001, respectively). It is suggested that the initial physical performance increase was due to improved circulatory capacity, oxygen delivery and lactate efflux, whereas the increased fermentative capacity ('anaerobic power') first contributed after a lag of three or more months. Whether the muscle histochemical changes reflected a healing process (recovery) is speculative.

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Biopsy, Needle; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Coronary Artery Bypass; Exercise Test; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Thigh; Time Factors; Ubiquinone

Seven (7) males with effort angina and listed for coronary by-pass surgery had muscle biopsies taken from their vastus lateralis muscle for determination of muscle fiber types (%ST), ubiquinone (vitamin Q, UQ), oxidative and fermentative enzyme activities. Graded cycle ergometer exercise to determine intensities corresponding to onset of blood lactate accumulation set to 2.0 mmol x l-1 (WOBLA) and symptom limited exercise ('maximal', WSL) were also undertaken. WOBLA was positively related to %ST (r = 0.92, p < 0.001). %ST was on the other hand inversely related to UQ (r = -0.82, p < 0.05), the heart specific LD subunit LD-H (r = -0.96, p < 0.001), the isozyme LD3 as the fraction of LD (%LD3) (r = -0.93, p < 0.01), and the CK isozyme CKMB as the fraction of CK (%CKMB) (r = -0.88, p < 0.05). It was suggested that muscle UQ depletion in the patients was related to molecular oxygen and free oxygen radical formation. The lack of antioxidants then caused a radical trauma specifically to the ST fiber and their mitochondria. This could be a cause and-effect explanation for the selective ST fiber downregulation in effort angina and heart failure in general.

Topics: Adult; Angina Pectoris; Anthropometry; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Ubiquinone

Seventeen male patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and effort angina performed OBLA exercise stress tests (set to 2.0 mmol x l-1). They had muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle the day before coronary by-pass grafting, and from the internal and external intercostal, diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscles during surgery. They had a low WOBLA (83 +/- 6 W, mean +/- 1 S.E.M), WOBLA corresponded to 79 +/- 4% (% WOBLA) of WSL (symptom limited or 'maximal' capacity = 111 +/- 11 W). Peak blood lactate concentration averaged 2.9 mmol x l-1. Muscle fibre composition disclosed a depressed percent slow twitch (ST or 'red') muscle fibres in the vastus lateralis and intercostal muscles (%ST). The diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscles had normal %ST. Intercostal muscles had elevated values for the fast twitch muscle fibre (FT) subgroup FTa indicative of endurance adaptation. The vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius and diaphragm muscles had normal muscle ubiquinone (UQ) contents, whereas the intercostals were depleted. Plasma contents of the antioxidants UQ and alpha-tocopherol were low as compared to healthy man.

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Exercise Test; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Physical Fitness; Ubiquinone

The composition of skeletal muscle fibre expressed as a percentage of slow twitch (ST), type I or "red" and fast twitch (FT), type II or "white" were determined in patients with hypertension (HT) or with severe ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and compared to age matched controls. Similarly, exercise capacity expressed as the cycle intensity eliciting a blood lactate concentration corresponding to 2.0 mmol x 1-1 were compared with healthy controls. Both patient groups had a higher percentage of FT fibres with relatively lower exercise capacities than their controls. The exercise capacities were reduced even when the relationship of decreased capacity with the percentage of increased FT was considered. There was an increase IHD but not in HT in patients with fibre subgroup FTc, which most probably reflected fibre trauma. Both patient groups were low in the skeletal muscle mitochondrial electron carrier and unspecific antioxidant ubiquinone, coenzyme Q10 or CoQ10. Patients with IHD but not HT showed, however, a faster fall in the ratio CoQ10 over ST% the higher the percentage value of ST. The ratio reflects the antioxidant activity related to CoQ10 in the fibre hosting most of the oxidative metabolism. A low ratio indicates a risk of metabolic lesion and cell trauma. This could explain fibre plasticity and offer an alternative cause to heredity in elucidating in deviating muscle fibre composition in patients with HT and IHD.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Muscles; Physical Exertion; Ubiquinone

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Coenzymes; Coronary Disease; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ubiquinone; Urologic Diseases

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Coenzymes; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Exertion; Ubiquinone