triolein and Diarrhea

Between 1985 and 1994, 883 cases of acute pancreatitis were treated in Malmö, Sweden (population 233,000). The purpose of this study was to report the short- and long-term outcome of the 79 cases that were severe, according to the Atlanta classification.. Retrospective and follow-up study a median time of 7 years since the attack.. University hospital, Sweden.. 79 patients with severe acute pancreatitis.. Mortality, cause of death, organ failure, local complications, surgical procedures, mortality since the attack, and endocrine and exocrine dysfunction.. Twenty-one patients died from their attack. Organ failure was the predominant cause of death in the 13 patients who died during the first 10 days after admission, whereas infection was the most common cause of death in patients who died later. Mortality was low under the age of 60 and increased with age. Organ failure developed in 72 patients. Twenty-four patients developed pancreatic necrosis or abscesses and 18 patients were treated by necrosectomy and open or closed drainage. At follow-up, 13 patients had died, 2 from pancreatic carcinoma. 35 patients were included in the follow-up survey. 15 of these had diabetes and an additional 4 had impaired glucose tolerance. 9 patients had signs of severe exocrine dysfunction.. There was a high incidence of endocrine and exocrine dysfunction together with, in many patients, ongoing social problems related to chronic alcoholism several years after an attack of severe acute pancreatitis.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Breath Tests; Cause of Death; Diabetes Mellitus; Diarrhea; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Retrospective Studies; Triolein

To investigate the effect of small intestinal disease (SID) on the absorption of zidovudine (ZDV) in patients with AIDS.. Fourteen fasted homosexual men with AIDS received a single oral dose of ZDV (5 mg/kg). Nine subjects had clinical evidence of intestinal disease (chronic diarrhoea with wasting) confirmed by reduced fat absorption measured indirectly using the 14C-triolein test. Five subjects had AIDS-related symptoms other than those affecting the gastrointestinal tract with normal fat absorption. Sequential measurements of plasma ZDV including its glucuronide metabolite (GZDV) were obtained using radio-immunoassay and ZDV/GZDV concentrations-time profiles of both groups of subjects were compared. Comparisons were also made for each of the following computed variables: the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax (Tmax), area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-6 h), the elimination half-life (t 1/2), and apparent oral clearance (CL0).. In patients with SID, Cmax ZDV was reduced (6.39 +/- 3.39 versus 11.51 +/- 5.01 mumol/l; P < 0.05) and Tmax ZDV prolonged (0.81 +/- 0.51 versus 0.40 +/- 0.14 h; P < 0.05) but AUC0-6 h ZDV was no different from the non-SID group (8.03 +/- 2.73 versus 14.56 +/- 9.0 mumol/l-1xh; P = 0.06). There were no differences in t 1/2 ZDV (1.22 +/- 0.20 versus 1.13 +/- 0.30 h) or CL0 ZDV (3017 +/- 1158 versus 1700 +/- 889 ml/min; P > 0.05) between SID and non-SID groups, respectively, and GZDV values were comparable between the two groups.. These data suggest delayed absorption rather than altered metabolism of ZDV in AIDS-related SID and raise the possibility of drug malabsorption. The clinical efficacy of orally administered low-dose ZDV regimens may require further evaluation in patients with chronic diarrhoea and AIDS.

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Chronic Disease; Diarrhea; Humans; Intestine, Small; Male; Middle Aged; Triolein; Zidovudine

The 14C-triolein breath test, a recognised index of fat absorption, and the p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) test, a 'tubeless' test of exocrine pancreatic function, have both been widely used in the diagnosis of malabsorption and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. This study evaluates the potential of a combination of both tests in the investigation of fat absorption and exocrine pancreatic function. Combination of the tests has become technically feasible because of the introduction of high pressure liquid chromatography as the preferred method of analysis for PABA, and use of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) as the marker for PABA absorption and metabolism. We studied 25 healthy subjects, 11 patients with exocrine pancreatic disease and 12 patients with gastrointestinal disease. The combined test identified subjects with reduced fat absorption and distinguished subjects with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency from those with an intestinal cause of fat malabsorption. The test could be completed in 7 h and had high patient acceptability. These findings suggest that the combined 14C-triolein breath test and PABA test can be used as a non-invasive, 1-day investigation of fat absorption and exocrine pancreatic function.

Topics: 4-Aminobenzoic Acid; Adult; Aged; Aminosalicylic Acid; Breath Tests; Carbon Dioxide; Diarrhea; Dietary Fats; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Triolein

Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Blood Proteins; Cholesterol; Diarrhea; Disease Models, Animal; Feces; Female; Ileum; Iodine Radioisotopes; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Potassium; Rabbits; Sodium; Triglycerides; Triolein

Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Blood Proteins; Chromium Isotopes; Diarrhea; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Feces; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Malabsorption Syndromes; Nematode Infections; Oleic Acids; Protein-Losing Enteropathies; Schilling Test; Thiabendazole; Triolein; Xylose

Topics: Celiac Disease; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Diarrhea; Fats; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Triolein

Topics: Diarrhea; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Pellagra; Triolein

Topics: Diarrhea; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Isotopes; Peptic Ulcer; Triolein; Vagotomy

Absorption of radioiodinated triolein was tested in 93 individuals (15 controls, 28 cases of functional diarrhea, and 50 patients with suspected or manifest malabsorption syndrome).The results so obtained were compared in 59 cases with estimations of fecal radioactivity and chemically determined fecalfat excretion. A highly significant correlation was found.The urinary xylose excretion test was performed in 96 individuals. The diagnostic value of the radioactive fat absorption test was compared with that of the xylose excretion test in 78 cases. Both tests were diagnostic in cases of non-tropical sprue, but the xylose excretion test reflected the clinical improvement more accurately in treated cases. The radioactive fat absorption test was more reliable in the diagnosis of malabsorption secondary to bowel resection than was the xylose excretion test, but the converse was true in the diagnosis of malabsorption secondary to gastrectomy. The simultaneous use of these two tests was found to be a simple and reliable screening procedure.

Topics: Body Fluids; Celiac Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Enteritis; Feces; Gastrectomy; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Malabsorption Syndromes; Pancreatitis; Sprue, Tropical; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Triolein; Urine; Xylose

Topics: Arteriosclerosis; Diarrhea; Edema; Emaciation; Geriatrics; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Ileum; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Malabsorption Syndromes; Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion; Oleic Acid; Pathology; Radiography; Triolein; Ulcer; Xylose

Topics: Biomedical Research; Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Diet; Feces; Gastrectomy; Incidence; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Isotopes; Peptic Ulcer; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Triolein

Topics: Absorption; Colectomy; Diarrhea; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Postoperative Complications; Stomach Neoplasms; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Triolein

Topics: Biliary Tract; Blood Chemical Analysis; Carotenoids; Celiac Disease; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diarrhea; Dietary Fats; Emulsions; Enteritis; Enterocolitis; Feces; Gastrectomy; Glucose; Iodine Isotopes; Lipase; Liver Cirrhosis; Milk; Oleic Acid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Amyloidosis; Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Fats; Feces; Gastrectomy; Intestinal Absorption; Intestines; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Oleic Acid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Vitamin A

Topics: Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Feces; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Fistula; Intestines; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Oleic Acid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Pharmacology; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Vitamin A