triolein and Celiac-Disease

Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Cholestyramine Resin; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids; Feces; Humans; Ileum; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Jejunum; Lipid Metabolism; Polyethylene Glycols; Triglycerides; Triolein

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Triolein

The [14C]-triolein absorption test has been assessed using a preprepared fat meal in a procedure that can be completed within a working day on an inpatient or outpatient basis. An initial study showed complete discrimination between 30 control subjects and 13 patients with raised faecal fat excretion. A prospective evaluation in 57 patients under investigation for gastrointestinal disease showed a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 93% (100% if two obese subjects are excluded). The test discriminates satisfactorily between patients with and without fat malabsorption and makes the measurement of faecal fat unnecessary in most circumstances.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Malabsorption Syndromes; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Triolein

The triolein breath test (TBT) is a simple, noninvasive technique for the evaluation of steatorrhea. However, because it depends on intermediary hepatic processes, and because both liver damage and pancreatic dysfunction often co-exist in the alcoholic, the overall usefulness of the test in patients with liver injury was reassessed. We found that even in the absence of steatorrhea, a majority of patients with advanced liver injury (alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, or both) had abnormal TBT results that failed to correct with pancreatic extract. In contrast, patients with less severe lesions (steatosis) had results that were not significantly different from those in normal controls. Inasmuch as the abnormal TBT results in patients with advanced alcohol-induced lesions did not correct with pancreatic extract, the test may not accurately differentiate pancreatic from nonpancreatic steatorrhea in some alcoholics.

Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic; Humans; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Function Tests; Triolein

In order to delineate the clinical value of a dual-isotope fat absorption test system (FATS) using glycerol [75Se]triether as lipid-phase marker and glycerol [125I]trioleate as the test lipid, fecal isotope ratios from single stools (and a 72-hr stool homogenate) were compared to quantitative fecal fat excretion. The study included 11 patients without and 24 patients with steatorrhea. With a figure of 0.8% as the upper limit of normal, the test was a reliable indicator of steatorrhea with 87.5% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity; efficiency was 85.7%. Related to a prevalence of steatorrhea of 45.9% as the mean value of 1269 consecutive 72-hr specimens investigated for steatorrhea during 1978-1982, the positive (negative) predictive value of the FATS is 80.3% (87.2%). With 2% as the upper limit of normal, no false positive results ensued. It is concluded that a two-step interpretation of the FATS (0.8% limit and 2% limit) may be regarded a valid qualitative index for steatorrhea. The FATS isotope ratio using single stools correlated well with FATS ratios in the 72-hr stool homogenates (r = 0.97). FATS therefore allows a convenient estimate of steatorrhea from measuring single stools. As a quantitative measure of fecal fat excretion, the FATS is unreliable.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Celiac Disease; Fats; Feces; Female; Glycerol; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Middle Aged; Selenium; Time Factors; Triolein

A 14C-triolein breath test was carried out on 49 subjects suffering from chronic pancreatitis or from other digestive diseases, and its results were compared with the daily fecal fat excretion. The 14CO2 peak excretion was abnormal in all the subjects with a fecal fat excretion above 14 g/day, whereas individual values of 14CO2 peak excretion in subjects without steatorrhea and with a fecal fat excretion ranging from 7.1 to 14 g overlapped. The lowest value observed in patients not suffering from steatorrhea was chosen as the lower normal limit of 14CO2 peak excretion. A test sensitivity as high as 64% was attained. The correlation between fecal fat and 14CO2 peak excretion was highly significant (r = 0.802; p less than 0.0001), and it followed a negative exponential function. Therefore, small variations in the 14CO2 peak excretion can be associated with a wide range of fecal fat excretion. Well-compensated diabetes secondary to pancreatitis did not interfere with the results of the test. In conclusion, in our experience this test proved to be a qualitative diagnostic tool with a low sensitivity.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Breath Tests; Celiac Disease; Chronic Disease; Feces; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Diseases; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Triolein

Different screening tests for fat malabsorption were evaluated in patients with coeliac disease. The triolein breath test correlated well with results of faecal fat determination. Urinary excretion of oxalate with or without dietary oxalate loading was not correlated with faecal fat measurements. It is concluded that the triolein breath test is a useful procedure for the detection of fat malabsorption in patients with coeliac disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Triolein

Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Triolein

The 14C-triolein breath test was evaluated as a screening test for fat malabsorption in 50 consecutive patients. After the ingestion of a 30-g fat meal containing 5 microCi 14C-triolein, the breath excretion of 14CO2 was measured at hourly intervals for 6 h and compared with a 3-day faecal excretion of fat. Nineteen patients had steatorrhoea and 31 patients normal fat excretion. The maximum specific activity of CO2 in the breath provided the best means of distinguishing between the two groups, with no false-negative values and nine false-positive values (29%). Our findings confirm that the 14C-triolein breath test is sensitive and has sufficient specificity for screening fat malabsorption, especially among outpatients. If a normal 14C-triolein breath test is obtained, it seems unnecessary to perform measurements of excretion of faecal fat.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Feces; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Triolein

Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Fats; Feces; Humans; Methods; Microscopy; Triolein

Two tests of lipid assimilation based on estimation of 14C-triolein assimilation from expiratory 14CO2 (breath test) and from serum radioactivity of 14C, respectively, were investigated in 48 consecutive patients suspected of having malassimilation. Patients with proven malassimilation had significantly lower expiration of 14CO2 and lower serum radioactivity of 14C than patients with normal lipid assimilation. The se-14C test correctly diagnosed significantly more patients with malassimilation than the breath test; the diagnostic efficiencies were 0.87 and 0.74, respectively. The results of both tests correlated with measurement of faecal fat. However, within the group of patients with proven malassimilation the results of the breath test correlated poorly with faecal fat, whereas a significant correlation was found between the se-14C test and faecal fat within this group. Correspondingly, the correlation between the results of the breath test and the se-14C test was poor, indicating that intermediate metabolism influences the results.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Female; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Triolein

In 24 patients with malabsorption, [14C]triolein breath tests were conducted before and together with the administration of pancreatic enzymes (Pancrease, Johnson and Johnson, Skillman, N.J.). Eleven patients with pancreatic insufficiency had a significant rise in peak percent dose per hour 14CO2 excretion after Pancrease, whereas 13 patients with other causes of malabsorption had no increase in 14CO2 excretion (2.61 +/- 0.96 vs. 0.15 +/- 0.45, p less than 0.001). The two-stage [14C]triolein breath test appears to be an accurate and simple noninvasive test of fat malabsorption that differentiates steatorrhea secondary to pancreatic insufficiency from other causes of steatorrhea.

Topics: Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Pancreatin; Triolein

Three substrates labeled with nonradioactive 13C have been employed to establish a trilogy of noninvasive breath tests to detect fat malabsorption in children and then to differentiate the etiology of the steatorrhea. Administration of 17 mg/kg of (13C)triolein Lipomul (The Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.) resulted in a peak excretion rate of 13CO2 greater than 2.7% dose/h in 10 normal subjects (mean value 4.96 +/- 2.2% dose/h) whereas all 17 subjects with fat malabsorption were below this value (mean value, 0.75% +/- 0.63% dose/h); p less than 0.001). For the detection of fat malabsorption, the discriminative value of (13C)triolein was superior, 100% sensitive, and 89% specific, while the use of (13C)palmitic acid (17 mg/kg) or (13C)trioctanoin (7.5 mg/kg) alone yielded both false-positive and false-negative results. In 6 out of 6 cases, pancreatic insufficiency could be differentiated from mucosal disease (7 patients) or bile salt deficiency (4 patients) by the presence of abnormal triolein or trioctanoin breath tests, or both but normal palmitic acid breath tests. However, further differentiation of mucosal disorders from bile salt disorders could not be achieved using either a single- or a multiple-substrate breath test. The use of the single triolein breath test in children offers an attractive, sensitive alternative to conventional fecal fat measurements to establish the presence of steatorrhea, and when using 12C-lipid with multiple substrates, the tests are capable of providing additional insight into the mechanism of fat malabsorption.

Topics: Adolescent; Biliary Tract Diseases; Breath Tests; Caprylates; Carbon Isotopes; Celiac Disease; Child; Child, Preschool; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases; Palmitic Acid; Palmitic Acids; Triglycerides; Triolein

We used a rat model to investigate the phenomenon of increased steatorrhea associated with administration of calcium or magnesium containing antacids in humans with pancreatic insufficiency. Adult male rats with bile and pancreatic duct ligation were fed test meals containing 56 mumol [14C]triolein (0.5 ml), synthetic human bile (1.0 ml, 100 mumol bile salts, 75% glycine and 25% taurine conjugates, and 14.5 mumol lecithin), pancreatic enzymes (0.5 ml), and antacids (1.0 ml). The percent lipid malabsorbed when antacids were fed in addition to the test meal was: control 19.3 +/- 1%, NaHCO3 15.3 +/- 1% (P less than 0.05 vs. control), Al(OH)3 18.3 +/- 2%, Mg(OH)2 38.2 +/- 2% (p less than 0.001 vs. control), and CaCO3 42.4 +/- 1% (p less than 0.001 vs control). With NaCl, Al(OH)3, and NaHCO3 the malabsorbed fat was primarily triolein, whereas with Ca++ or Mg++ the majority of the lipid recovered was oleic acid. Calcium or magnesium administration was associated with precipitation of glycine-, but not taurine-, conjugated bile salts in the small intestine. When calcium was administered to animals in which the bile consisted entirely of glycine-conjugated bile salts, the lipid recovered (64.0 +/- 3% malabsorption) was almost entirely triolein suggesting reduced lipolysis. These studies suggest that these divalent cations exert their deleterious effect on replacement enzyme therapy by formation of poorly soluble calcium or magnesium soaps and precipitation of glycine conjugated bile salts.

Topics: Animals; Antacids; Bile Acids and Salts; Calcium; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; Intestinal Absorption; Lipolysis; Magnesium; Male; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Triolein

Faecal fat excretion was estimated in 24 patients using three methods. Quantitative estimations of fat excretion were calculated from both a three day faecal fat collection and a twenty-four hour faecal collection corrected for excretion of a cuprous thiocyanate marker. Breath 14CO2 excretion was measured after ingestion of a liquid meal containing 2.5 microCi of 14C-triolein in an arachis oil emulsion. Peak concentrations of 14CO2 in breath were used as an estimate of the degree of fat absorption. Correlation between the two quantitative measures of faecal fat was good (r = 0.87), 17 patients having steatorrhoea of more than 7 g fat per day by both estimations. Results of the breath test were disappointing. With the standard meal containing 20 g arachis oil the lowest peak 14CO2 excretion rate seen in subjects without steatorrhoea, 3 percent of the dose per hour, was taken as the lower limit of normal. Seven subjects with steatorrhoea as shown by faecal collections excreted normal amounts of 14CO2. When the size of the fat meal was increased to 1.0 g arachis oil per kg body weight in 16 of the subjects previously studied, all patients with proven steatorrhoea excreted less than 3 percent of the dose per hour but three of the subjects without steatorrhoea gave abnormal breath excretion results. It is concluded that the collection of a 24 hour faecal specimen using a cuprous thiocyanate marker provides a more reliable estimate of faecal fat excretion than the 14C-triolein breath test.

Topics: Breath Tests; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Feces; Female; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Thiocyanates; Time Factors; Triolein

A direct test of lipid absorption has been developed using [3H]glycerol triether as a lipid marker and [14C]glycerol trioleate as the test lipid. Percentage absorption of triolein is calculated from the isotope ratio ingested and excreted in faeces. The test is independent of a complete faecal collection, reproducible and shows little day to day variation. Absorption in 25 normal subjects ranged from 96.4--100% (mean 98.6, S.D. +/- 1.15). In 24 patients with known pancreatic or small intestinal disease and steatorrhoea absorption ranged from 0.01% to 89.9%. The test has also been assessed by comparison with a standard Lundh test and faecal fat estimation in 34 patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Fats; Feces; Female; Glycerol; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Triolein; Tritium

Topics: Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Humans; Respiration; Triolein

A double-tracer technique to estimate lipid digestion was investigated. 3H-labelled oleic acid and 14C-labelled triolein were ingested in a test meal. The serum radioactivity of 3H after ingestion of labelled oleic acid depends on absorption and metabolism of free fatty acids, while serum radioactivity of 14C from triolein, in addition to the former, depends on triglycerol digestion. This study shows that the ratio between 3H and 14C 2h after the test meal gives a good qualitative and quantitative estimation of lipid digestion: the 3H/14C ratio in patients with maldigestion is significantly higher than for normals (P less than 0.01), the predictive value of the 3H/14C ratio in the diagnosis of maldigestion is high, that of a positive result being 1.0 and that of a negative 0.93, and quantitatively the 3H/14C ratio shows a highly significant correlation with faecal fat (P less than 0.001). The test is very easy to perform, lasts for only 2 h, and is without discomfort to the patient or nursing and laboratory staff. It gives information like or superior to that of faecal fat measurement.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Feces; Female; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Oleic Acids; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Triolein

Topics: Animals; Breath Tests; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Humans; Radiation Protection; Rats; Triolein

In order to develop a simple and accurate screening test for steatorrhea, the authors compared quantitative stool fat excretion with breath excretion of 14CO2 after the ingestion of 14C-labeled trioctanoin, tripalmitin, or triolein. The study group included 24 nonobese subjects without steatorrhea but with diarrhea secondary to irritable bowel syndrome and 40 subjects with steatorrhea. The triolein breath test provided the most reliable discrimination, with 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity. The trioctanoin and tripalmitin breath tests were sensitive, but lacked specificity (69% and 58% false-positive results, respectively). Three of the 12 obese patients with irritable bowel syndrome had false-positive triolein breath results. In detecting steatorrhea, the triolein breath test was moderately superior to the measurement of serum carotene and to qualitative stool fat. Thus, the triolein breath test appears to be a sensitive, specific, noninvasive, and relatively simple screening test for the detection of steatorrhea.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Radioisotopes; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Feces; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Triglycerides; Triolein; Xylose

Topics: Adult; Aged; Celiac Disease; Cholesterol; Cocos; Drug Combinations; Fatty Acids; Female; Glycerol; Heparin; Humans; Hydrolysis; Infusions, Parenteral; Intestine, Small; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Lipoproteins, VLDL; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Oils; Phosphatidylcholines; Sodium Chloride; Triglycerides; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Chromium Radioisotopes; Feces; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Radioisotopes; Scandium; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Triolein

Topics: Adult; Autoradiography; Celiac Disease; Chromatography; Dietary Fats; Feces; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lipids; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Time Factors; Triolein

Topics: Autoradiography; Celiac Disease; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Feces; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lipids; Time Factors; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Diarrhea; Fats; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Malabsorption Syndromes; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Extracts; Triolein

Topics: Aged; Celiac Disease; Digestive System; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Isotopes; Male; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer; Triolein; Xylose

Topics: Body Weight; Celiac Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Isotopes; Oleic Acids; Triolein

Topics: Animals; Barium Sulfate; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Dogs; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Triolein

Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Carbon Isotopes; Celiac Disease; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hyperthyroidism; Intestinal Absorption; Linoleic Acids; Lipid Metabolism; Malabsorption Syndromes; Oleic Acids; Pancreatic Diseases; Rats; Triglycerides; Triolein

Topics: Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Celiac Disease; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hyperthyroidism; Intestinal Absorption; Linoleic Acids; Rats; Time Factors; Triolein

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biological Assay; Bromine; Celiac Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Jejunum; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Oleic Acids; Triolein; Xylose

Topics: Celiac Disease; Feces; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lipids; Triolein

Topics: Adult; Aged; Celiac Disease; Fats; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Middle Aged; Oleic Acids; Radiometry; Triolein

Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Blood Chemical Analysis; Celiac Disease; Cholecystokinin; Feces; Gastrectomy; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Diseases; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatitis; Pharmacology; Physiology; Salts; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein

Topics: Aged; Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Celiac Disease; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Escherichia coli; Feces; Humans; Intestine, Small; Lactobacillus; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Oleic Acids; Postoperative Complications; Rats; Tetracycline; Triolein

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Celiac Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Feces; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Steatorrhea; Triolein

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Calcium; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Celiac Disease; Gastrectomy; Geriatrics; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Osteomalacia; Postoperative Complications; Radiography; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Heart Failure; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Pancreatic Extracts; Pancreatitis; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Triolein

Absorption of radioiodinated triolein was tested in 93 individuals (15 controls, 28 cases of functional diarrhea, and 50 patients with suspected or manifest malabsorption syndrome).The results so obtained were compared in 59 cases with estimations of fecal radioactivity and chemically determined fecalfat excretion. A highly significant correlation was found.The urinary xylose excretion test was performed in 96 individuals. The diagnostic value of the radioactive fat absorption test was compared with that of the xylose excretion test in 78 cases. Both tests were diagnostic in cases of non-tropical sprue, but the xylose excretion test reflected the clinical improvement more accurately in treated cases. The radioactive fat absorption test was more reliable in the diagnosis of malabsorption secondary to bowel resection than was the xylose excretion test, but the converse was true in the diagnosis of malabsorption secondary to gastrectomy. The simultaneous use of these two tests was found to be a simple and reliable screening procedure.

Topics: Body Fluids; Celiac Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Enteritis; Feces; Gastrectomy; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Malabsorption Syndromes; Pancreatitis; Sprue, Tropical; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Triolein; Urine; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Bile Acids and Salts; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Gallstones; Hepatitis; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Jaundice; Jaundice, Obstructive; Lipid Metabolism; Pancreas; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Salts; Triolein

Topics: Absorption; Bronchial Neoplasms; Celiac Disease; Dietary Fats; Digestion; Dumping Syndrome; Feces; Gastrectomy; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Triolein

Topics: Albumins; Biopsy; Body Fluids; Celiac Disease; Chromium Isotopes; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Cobalt Isotopes; Fats; Feces; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Povidone; Proteins; Triolein; Urine; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Anemia, Pernicious; Bacteriological Techniques; Biomedical Research; Carotenoids; Celiac Disease; Cobalt Isotopes; Corrinoids; Intestinal Absorption; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Iodine Isotopes; Metabolism; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Vitamin B 12; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Celiac Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Dietary Fats; Humans; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Radioisotopes; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Enzymes; Gastrointestinal Agents; Iodine Isotopes; Malabsorption Syndromes; Sprue, Tropical; Tablets; Triolein

Topics: Animals; Celiac Artery; Celiac Disease; Dogs; Iodine Isotopes; Ischemia; Mesenteric Arteries; Rats; Research; Triolein; Vascular Diseases; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Biopsy; Celiac Disease; Cobalt Isotopes; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Neuropathies; Diagnosis, Differential; Feces; Humans; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Pathology; Steatorrhea; Triolein; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Biomedical Research; Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Diet; Feces; Gastrectomy; Incidence; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Isotopes; Peptic Ulcer; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Triolein

Topics: Autoradiography; Celiac Disease; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Sprue, Tropical; Steatorrhea; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Iodine Isotopes; Triolein

Topics: Absorption; Celiac Disease; Chromatography; Glycerides; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Humans; Steatorrhea; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Diagnosis; Iodine Isotopes; Radiometry; Triolein

The effect of a whole pancreas preparation (Viokase) has been investigated in 11 patients with pancreatic steatorrhoea and in five patients with steatorrhoea due to other causes. The appearance of the stool, faecal fat, and stool and blood radioactivity after a given dose of I(131) triolein (Raolein) were employed in assessing the response to Viokase therapy. Pancreatic steatorrhoea was considerably improved in the majority of patients, and showed some improvement in the remainder. Viokase appeared to be of limited value in the treatment of post-gastrectomy steatorrhoea, and failed to influence fat absorption in steatorrhoea due to disorder of the small intestine.

Topics: Celiac Disease; Feces; Gastrectomy; Iodine Isotopes; Pancreas; Pancreatic Extracts; Pancreatitis; Steatorrhea; Triolein

This paper discusses the type of results given by a group of test procedures used in the study of small intestinal dysfunction. While the chemical estimation of faecal fat remains the most valuable criterion for the laboratory detection of malabsorption, the occurrence of abnormal faecal or blood radioactivity also denotes the presence of malabsorption, although some patients with staetorrhoea appear to ;absorb' labelled triolein normally. Analysis of data from the other tests shows that steatorrhoea is not necessarily present in patients who give abnormal results and that the presence of malabsorption does not preclude a normal capacity for handling the test substances. These reservations impair the value of the vitamin A and xylose ;tolerance' tests and serum carotene levels as screening procedures for the determination of malabsorption states. On the other hand, these tests show patterns of results which are useful in differentiating idiopathic from secondary steatorrhoea, since patients with secondary malabsorption often handle one or more of these test substances normally.

Topics: Body Fluids; Celiac Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Iodine Isotopes; Statistics as Topic; Triolein; Vitamin A; Xylose

Topics: Blood; Celiac Disease; Diet; Fats; Feces; Iodine Isotopes; Malabsorption Syndromes; Neomycin; Sprue, Tropical; Toxicology; Triolein

Topics: Biliary Tract; Blood Chemical Analysis; Carotenoids; Celiac Disease; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diarrhea; Dietary Fats; Emulsions; Enteritis; Enterocolitis; Feces; Gastrectomy; Glucose; Iodine Isotopes; Lipase; Liver Cirrhosis; Milk; Oleic Acid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Xylose

Topics: Absorption; Amyloidosis; Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Fats; Feces; Gastrectomy; Intestinal Absorption; Intestines; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Oleic Acid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Vitamin A

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood; Body Weight; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Calcium, Dietary; Celiac Disease; Creatine; Creatinine; Feces; Gastrectomy; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Osteoporosis; Peptic Ulcer; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Triolein; Urine

Topics: Celiac Disease; Cholelithiasis; Crohn Disease; Enteritis; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; Hyperlipidemias; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III; Iodine Isotopes; Liver Diseases; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Radiometry; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Diarrhea; Feces; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Fistula; Intestines; Iodine Isotopes; Lipid Metabolism; Oleic Acid; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Pharmacology; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein; Vitamin A

Topics: Celiac Disease; Fats, Unsaturated; Humans; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Steatorrhea; Triolein

Vitamin A acetate and vitamin A alcohol, triolein I(131), oleic acid I(131), and fat balance tests have been assessed in studies on cases of coeliac disease, pancreatic insufficiency, and some disorders of the small intestinal wall. In coeliac disease a very low serum carotene and flat vitamin A absorption curves have been noted. The contrast between vitamin A acetate and alcohol curves has been clearly shown in cases of pancreatic disorder showing maldigestion. The correlation between vitamin A and triolein I(131) absorption (0.89) is closer than that between vitamin A and fat balance. In assessing intestinal absorption serum carotene figures are of value only if very low figures are found.

Topics: Alcohols; Celiac Disease; Disease; Diterpenes; Fats, Unsaturated; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Lipid Metabolism; Oleic Acid; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases; Retinyl Esters; Triolein; Vitamin A

Topics: Celiac Disease; Fats; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Oleic Acid; Sprue, Tropical; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Fats, Unsaturated; Feces; Humans; Iodine; Steatorrhea; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Humans; Steatorrhea; Triolein

The radiotriolein test has been reported to be unreliable in the diagnosis of steatorrhoea. A possible explanation is provided by these studies in which labelled triolein was incubated in human gastric juice, duodenal juice, and faeces; the bond was not stable on duodenal juice.

Topics: Celiac Disease; Fatty Acids; Feces; Humans; Intestinal Secretions; Lipid Metabolism; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Humans; Iodine; Iodized Oil; Reproducibility of Results; Steatorrhea; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Fatty Acids; Humans; Iodine; Triolein

Topics: Celiac Disease; Fats, Unsaturated; Humans; Triolein