trimethoprim--sulfamethoxazole-drug-combination and Pancreatic-Diseases

The pancreas is frequently involved during HIV infection, especially by disseminated infections or neoplasms. These lesions are generally asymptomatic and are discovered at autopsy. However, hypoglycaemia secondary to massive pancreatic infiltration by a tumour or tuberculous necrosis may occur. The most important cause of pancreatic dysfunction in HIV-infected patients is a drug toxic effect (intravenous pentamidine, didanosine, zalcitabine). Hypoglycaemia, which may or may not be followed by diabetes, can develop during intravenous pentamidine therapy. In cases with increased serum amylase and/or lipase levels, potentially toxic drugs must be promptly discontinued to avoid major pancreatic involvement.

Topics: Acute Disease; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Didanosine; HIV Infections; Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatitis; Pentamidine; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Zalcitabine

The penetrance of mezlocillin, metronidazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole into the pancreatic juice of humans was measured in ten patients convalescing from acute pancreatitis at the time of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Therapeutic levels were obtained in the serum for all three antimicrobial agents; simultaneously aspirated nonbile stained pancreatic juice contained therapeutic levels of metronidazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Mezlocillin was not present in a therapeutic level in any patient with nonbile stained pancreatic fluid.

Topics: Acute Disease; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Metronidazole; Mezlocillin; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Ducts; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Pancreatitis; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination