trimethoprim--sulfamethoxazole-drug-combination and Mouth-Diseases

A diagnosis of Wegener granulomatosis requires granulomatous manifestations in the respiratory tract. With the increasing use of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies as a diagnostic tool, Wegener granulomatosis is diagnosed earlier than in the past, and not infrequently when only ear, nose and throat manifestations are present, placing the otorhinolaryngologist in a central role in diagnosis and management. Diagnostic biopsies should be obtained from active lesions in the nose and paranasal sinuses and concomitant infection should be identified. Because of the apparent relation between infection and activation of disease, the management of infections-especially those due to Staphylococcus aureus-requires special attention. The increasing numbers of early cases identified warrants further investigations of whether less toxic treatment regimens will be of advantage in such cases. Medical and surgical treatment of the acute and chronic manifestations presents specific problems because of altered immune competence, prevalent superinfection, and tissue destruction, and is therefore best taken care of by specially dedicated otorhinolaryngologists.

Topics: Ear Diseases; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Nasal Mucosa; Nose Diseases; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Salivary Gland Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Tracheal Diseases; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Vasculitis

A juvenile Cinereous Vulture ( Aegypius monachus) fledgling was found disorientated on the roof of a building in Madrid City, Spain, in October 2016. A veterinary examination revealed multiple plaques distributed throughout the oropharyngeal cavity. Lesions were located under the tongue and at the choanal slit, hard palate, and esophagus opening and ranged from 2 to 7 mm, coalescing in areas up to 2 cm, with a yellowish color of the surface. Motile trichomonad trophozoites were detected in fresh wet mount smears from the lesions. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1/5.8S/ITS2 and small subunit ribosomal RNA confirmed that Trichomonas gypaetinii was the etiologic agent. Microbiologic cultures did not reveal any pathogenic bacteria or fungi. The animal recovered successfully after treatment with metronidazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and was later released in a suitable habitat. Avian trichomonosis lesions caused by T. gypaetinii have not been reported.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Falconiformes; Metronidazole; Mouth Diseases; Pharyngeal Diseases; Spain; Trichomonas; Trichomonas Infections; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Drug and Narcotic Control; HIV Infections; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Zidovudine

A case of granuloma inguinale of the oral cavity clinically resembling actinomycosis is reported. This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic ulcerative lesions of the mouth, especially in patients with associated genital ulcers.

Topics: Actinomycosis; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Combinations; Female; Granuloma Inguinale; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Vulvar Diseases