trimethoprim--sulfamethoxazole-drug-combination and Lung-Diseases--Parasitic

The efficacy of co-trimoxazole for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in children younger than 5 years of age was evaluated in Malawi. 46 children with P falciparum parasitaemia, 37% of whom also met clinical criteria for a diagnosis of acute lower respiratory tract infection, were treated with 20 mg/kg co-trimoxazole twice daily for five days. Parasitaemia (mean clearance time 2.7 days) and symptoms were rapidly abolished and improvement was maintained during follow-up for 14 days. Co-trimoxazole may be an effective single treatment for febrile illness in young children in areas where malaria is endemic, resources are few, and diagnosis must rely on clinical findings alone.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Fever; Humans; Infant; Lung Diseases, Parasitic; Malaria; Malawi; Plasmodium falciparum; Prevalence; Respiratory Tract Infections; Time Factors; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

We report a case of acute respiratory failure due to Toxoplasma gondii mimicking pneumocystosis in an AIDS patient. Empirical antibiotic therapy with cotrimoxazole is discussed. Active research and identification of pathogens with adapted laboratory tests is mandatory.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Methylprednisolone; Respiratory Insufficiency; Toxoplasmosis; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lung Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn; Toxoplasmosis; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination