trimethoprim--sulfamethoxazole-drug-combination and Intellectual-Disability

Pharyngotonsillitis by β-hemolytic Streptococcus mostly affects children and immunocompromised, being Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A) the most common agent in bacterial pharyngotonsillitis.. This work targeted the research of β-hemolytic Streptococcus Group-A (SBHGA) and No-A (SBHGNA) in the oropharynx of individuals with special health needs from the APAE (Maceió-AL).. A prospective study with oropharynx samples from patients with Down syndrome and other mental disorders (test) and students from a private school (control) aged 5-15 years. Cultures in blood agar (5%) were identified through Gram/catalase tests and bacitracin/trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole disk diffusion method, applying the chi-squared statistical analysis.. A total of 222 bacterial colonies were isolated in 74 individuals from APAE and 65 in the control group. In the test group, previous episodes of pharyngotonsillitis were reported by 36.49% (27/74) and 9.46% (7/74) were diagnosed with symptoms and/or signs suggestive of oropharynx infection. No positive sample of S. pyogenes was confirmed at APAE, being all samples classified as SBHGNA, with 5 SBHGA in the control group.. The early identification of β-hemolytic Streptococcus is important for the fast treatment of pharyngotonsillitis and the absence of S. pyogenes avoid future suppurative or not-suppurative sequels in the group from APAE.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Case-Control Studies; Child; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Pharyngitis; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tonsillitis; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Bacteremia may occur after disruption of the oral mucous membrane, particularly after dental treatment. 18 mentally handicapped patients who underwent dental treatment with general anesthesia were included in our study. None of the patients had general illnesses or received antibiotic protection. From each patient several blood samples were drawn aseptically during dental treatment and cultured. The majority of aerobic bacteria recovered belonged to Streptococcus sp and Gemella sp., anaerobic bacteria mainly belonged to Porphyromonas gingivalis and Peptostreptococcus sp. Resistance of the isolated bacteria to penicillin as well as to oxacillin, erythromycin and Co-trimoxazole was substantial. The highest resistance rate could be shown against fucidic acid.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, General; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Dental Care; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Erythromycin; Fusidic Acid; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Oxacillin; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Peptostreptococcus; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination