triiodothyronine and High T4 Syndrome studies

Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" These preliminary results indicate that LT3S reversibility by dobutamine is associated with short-term hemodynamic and neurohormonal improvement in patients with persistent severe heart failure."	9.16	Effect of short-term infusive dobutamine therapy on thyroid hormone profile and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute worsening heart failure and low-triiodothyronine syndrome. ( Bonadei, I; Bugatti, S; Curnis, A; D'Aloia, A; Dei Cas, L; Del Magro, F; Rovetta, R; Vizzardi, E, 2012)
"The aim of study was to evaluate the relationship of β-adrenergic receptors gene polymorphisms with low triiodothyronine syndrome in patients with a heart failure."	7.91	The association of polymorphisms of β-adrenergic receptors genes with the low triiodothyronine syndrome in patients with a heart failure. ( Bondar, TM; Galchinskaya, VY; Kopytsya, MP; Lozyk, TV; Pyvovar, SM; Rudyk, IS, 2019)
"The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low triiodothyronine syndrome (LT3S) on platelet function and clotting factors in patients with nephrotic syndrome(NS)."	7.91	Low triiodothyronine syndrome is associated with platelet function in patients with nephrotic syndrome. ( Chen, X; Guo, N; Wu, J; Xing, C, 2019)
"We assessed the prognostic implications of low triiodothyronine (T3) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in critically ill patients with acute heart failure."	7.80	Impact of triiodothyronine and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide on the long-term survival of critically ill patients with acute heart failure. ( Chuang, CP; Jong, YS; Lo, HM; Wu, CY, 2014)
"To investigate the relationship between free triiodothyronine (FT3) and the international normalized ratio (the ratio of the prothrombin time of a patient to the normal sample, INR) in Chinese euthyroid subjects with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)."	7.77	Negative association between free triiodothyronine level and international normalized ratio in euthyroid subjects with acute myocardial infarction. ( Cao, KJ; Guo, CY; Jia, EZ; Li, L; Ma, WZ; Wang, LS; Yang, J; Yang, ZJ; Zhu, TB, 2011)
"Serum free thyroxine (fT4), thyroxine (T4), and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were determined in 62 healthy dogs, 51 dogs with hypothyroidism, and 59 euthyroid dogs with concurrent dermatopathy or concurrent illness for which hypothyroidism was a diagnostic consideration."	7.68	Serum free thyroxine concentration in healthy dogs, dogs with hypothyroidism, and euthyroid dogs with concurrent illness. ( Bottoms, GD; Feldman, EC; Ihle, SL; Nelson, RW, 1991)
"Low T3 syndrome was characterized as T3 below the lower limit of the reference interval accompanied by normal TSH levels."	5.72	Low triiodothyronine syndrome is associated with stroke-associated pneumonia. ( Chen, H; He, J; Huang, Y; Ren, W; Xu, M, 2022)
"Low T3 syndrome is frequently found in patients with HFrEF and is associated with a poor outcome."	5.51	Low triiodothyronine syndrome and selenium deficiency - undervalued players in advanced heart failure? A single center pilot study. ( Fraczek-Jucha, M; Gackowski, A; Kabat, M; Nessler, J; Plens, K; Rychlak, R; Zbierska-Rubinkiewicz, K, 2019)
"The prevalence of low T3 syndrome was 11."	5.51	Low triiodothyronine syndrome and serum selenium status in the course of acute myocardial infarction. ( Czubek, U; Frączek-Jucha, M; Gackowski, A; Kabat, M; Nessler, J; Szlósarczyk, B, 2019)
"Low triiodothyronine (T3) has been associated with increased short-term mortality in intensive care unit patients and long-term mortality in patients with heart disease."	5.34	Low triiodothyronine: a strong predictor of outcome in acute stroke patients. ( Alevizaki, M; Pappa, T; Synetou, M; Vemmos, KN; Xynos, K, 2007)
"The "sick euthyroid syndrome" is also seen in association with significant illnesses and consists of decreased levels of circulating triiodothyronine (T3)."	5.31	The effects of triiodothyronine augmentation on antithrombin III levels in sepsis. ( Chapital, AD; Hendrick, SR; Lloyd, L; Pieper, D, 2001)
" These preliminary results indicate that LT3S reversibility by dobutamine is associated with short-term hemodynamic and neurohormonal improvement in patients with persistent severe heart failure."	5.16	Effect of short-term infusive dobutamine therapy on thyroid hormone profile and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute worsening heart failure and low-triiodothyronine syndrome. ( Bonadei, I; Bugatti, S; Curnis, A; D'Aloia, A; Dei Cas, L; Del Magro, F; Rovetta, R; Vizzardi, E, 2012)
"Acute and chronic critical conditions are associated with reduced serum levels of free triiodothyronine (FT(3)), free thyroxine FT(4), and thyrotropin, known as nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS)."	5.12	Frequency and outcome of patients with nonthyroidal illness syndrome in a medical intensive care unit. ( Bollheimer, LC; Buettner, R; Langgartner, J; Plikat, K; Schölmerich, J; Woenckhaus, U; Wrede, CE, 2007)
"The aim: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of thyroid status (thyroid hormone, total and free fractions of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, reversible triiodothyronine, antibodies to thyroperoxidase) of preschool children with acute bronchitis."	4.12	PECULIARITIES OF THYROID STATUS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ACUTE BRONCHITIS. ( Aleksakhina, T; Havrylenko, A; Loboda, A; Petrashenko, V; Popov, S; Smiian, K; Smiyan, O, 2022)
"This study aims to investigate the role of free triiodothyronine (fT3) in predicting poor prognosis of adult patients with acute myocarditis."	4.02	Association Between Low T3 Syndrome and Poor Prognosis in Adult Patients With Acute Myocarditis. ( Tang, YD; Wang, W; Zhang, K; Zhao, Y, 2021)
"The aim of study was to evaluate the relationship of β-adrenergic receptors gene polymorphisms with low triiodothyronine syndrome in patients with a heart failure."	3.91	The association of polymorphisms of β-adrenergic receptors genes with the low triiodothyronine syndrome in patients with a heart failure. ( Bondar, TM; Galchinskaya, VY; Kopytsya, MP; Lozyk, TV; Pyvovar, SM; Rudyk, IS, 2019)
"The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low triiodothyronine syndrome (LT3S) on platelet function and clotting factors in patients with nephrotic syndrome(NS)."	3.91	Low triiodothyronine syndrome is associated with platelet function in patients with nephrotic syndrome. ( Chen, X; Guo, N; Wu, J; Xing, C, 2019)
"Low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome (LT3S) is frequently seen in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)."	3.88	Low T3 syndrome improves risk prediction of in-hospital cardiovascular death in patients with acute myocardial infarction. ( Chen, H; Li, HW; Su, W; Wang, M; Zhao, XQ, 2018)
"We assessed the prognostic implications of low triiodothyronine (T3) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in critically ill patients with acute heart failure."	3.80	Impact of triiodothyronine and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide on the long-term survival of critically ill patients with acute heart failure. ( Chuang, CP; Jong, YS; Lo, HM; Wu, CY, 2014)
"Studies have documented a correlation between hypothyroxinemia and mortality in critically ill patients; however, there are limited data in sepsis."	3.78	The identification of thyroid dysfunction in surgical sepsis. ( Moore, FA; Moore, LJ; Sim, V; Sucher, JF; Todd, SR; Turner, KL, 2012)
"To investigate the relationship between free triiodothyronine (FT3) and the international normalized ratio (the ratio of the prothrombin time of a patient to the normal sample, INR) in Chinese euthyroid subjects with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)."	3.77	Negative association between free triiodothyronine level and international normalized ratio in euthyroid subjects with acute myocardial infarction. ( Cao, KJ; Guo, CY; Jia, EZ; Li, L; Ma, WZ; Wang, LS; Yang, J; Yang, ZJ; Zhu, TB, 2011)
"Recent data suggest that low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiac diseases."	3.75	[Low T3 syndrome and left ventricular diastolic function]. ( Bianchi, M; Bindi, M; Cassetti, G; Castiglioni, M; Pinelli, M, 2009)
"In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), low triiodothyronine (T(3)) levels with normal or subnormal levels of thyrotropin (TSH), the euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS), have been reported, however, the mechanism of altered thyroid hormone metabolism is unknown."	3.70	Involvement of circulating interleukin-6 and its receptor in the development of euthyroid sick syndrome in patients with acute myocardial infarction. ( Fukumura, Y; Kanda, T; Kimura, T; Kobayashi, I; Kotajima, N; Kuwabara, A, 2000)
"Euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia as a result of a transient increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels may contribute to the development of manic disorder."	3.70	Thyroid function and psychiatric morbidity in patients with manic disorder receiving lithium therapy. ( Ahuja, A; Chow, CC; Lee, DT; Lee, S; Leung, TY; Mak, TW; Shek, AC; Wing, YK, 2000)
"Serum free thyroxine (fT4), thyroxine (T4), and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were determined in 62 healthy dogs, 51 dogs with hypothyroidism, and 59 euthyroid dogs with concurrent dermatopathy or concurrent illness for which hypothyroidism was a diagnostic consideration."	3.68	Serum free thyroxine concentration in healthy dogs, dogs with hypothyroidism, and euthyroid dogs with concurrent illness. ( Bottoms, GD; Feldman, EC; Ihle, SL; Nelson, RW, 1991)
"Low T3 syndrome was associated with higher mortality over 30 days (adjusted hazard ratio 1."	3.30	Low T3 Syndrome on Admission and Response to Nutritional Support in Malnourished Medical Inpatients. ( Durmisi, M; Gressies, C; Kaegi-Braun, N; Mueller, B; Müller, NA; Schuetz, P; Stanga, Z; Tribolet, P, 2023)
"The inflammatory response of critical illness is accompanied by nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS)."	2.94	Higher Caloric Exposure in Critically Ill Patients Transiently Accelerates Thyroid Hormone Activation. ( Bianco, AC; Bocco, BMLC; Braunschweig, CA; Fernandes, GW; Fonseca, TL; Freels, S; Lateef, O; McKeever, L; Mozer, M; Nowak, K; Peterson, SJ; Roehl, K, 2020)
"In a rabbit model of prolonged critical illness, gene expression levels of MCT8 in liver and of MCT10 in skeletal muscle were increased as compared with healthy controls."	2.74	Expression of thyroid hormone transporters during critical illness. ( D'Hoore, A; Darras, VM; Debaveye, Y; Ellger, B; Langouche, L; Mebis, L; Paletta, D; Van den Berghe, G; Visser, TJ, 2009)
"TFTs are significantly altered in cardiac arrest induced by ACS."	2.71	Clinical investigation: thyroid function test abnormalities in cardiac arrest associated with acute coronary syndrome. ( Ariturk, Z; Iltumur, K; Olmez, G; Taskesen, T; Toprak, N, 2005)
"The sick euthyroid syndrome is a poorly understood hallmark of critical illness."	2.67	Dopamine and the sick euthyroid syndrome in critical illness. ( de Zegher, F; Lauwers, P; Van den Berghe, G, 1994)
"Whether this is an adaptive response in critical illness or contributes to progressive disease has remained controversial."	2.61	Thyroid Hormones in Critical Illness. ( Maiden, MJ; Torpy, DJ, 2019)
"Nonthyroidal illness, also known as low T3 syndrome, is associated with low serum T3 concentrations, which are inversely correlated to the severity of the illness."	2.48	[Nonthyroidal illness (NTI)]. ( Murakami, M, 2012)
"Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are commonly present conditions in adults, leading to neurological symptoms, affecting the central and peripheral nervous system, and to neurocognitive impairment."	2.44	Thyroid function, Alzheimer's disease and postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a tale of dangerous liaisons? ( Fodale, V; Mafrica, F, 2008)
" As the subjects age, have a fixed thyroid hormone dosage for hypothyroxinemia, or spend an extended number of months in polar conditions, a reflex TSH rise occurs."	2.39	Circannual changes in thyroid hormone physiology: the role of cold environmental temperatures. ( Reed, HL, 1995)
"Free triiodothyronine (FT3) level was associated with GS≥22 (Median GS) in Model I adjusted for age and sex [Continuous: OR=0."	1.72	The Association of Thyroid Hormones with Coronary Atherosclerotic Severity in Euthyroid Patients. ( Chen, S; Gong, F; Pan, H; Wang, L; Yu, N; Zeng, Y; Zhao, Y; Zhu, H, 2022)
"Low T3 syndrome was characterized as T3 below the lower limit of the reference interval accompanied by normal TSH levels."	1.72	Low triiodothyronine syndrome is associated with stroke-associated pneumonia. ( Chen, H; He, J; Huang, Y; Ren, W; Xu, M, 2022)
"Low T3 syndrome is frequent in patients admitted to intensive care units for critical illness and pneumonia."	1.62	Gene signature and immune cell profiling by high-dimensional, single-cell analysis in COVID-19 patients, presenting Low T3 syndrome and coexistent hematological malignancies. ( Amodeo, R; Anibaldi, P; Ciliberto, G; D'Ascanio, M; De Dominicis, C; de Latouliere, L; De Vitis, C; Di Napoli, A; Fanciulli, M; Giovagnoli, S; Laghi, A; Mancini, R; Napoli, C; Petrucca, A; Piaggio, G; Ricci, A; Sacconi, A; Salerno, G; Salvati, V; Santino, I; Sciacchitano, S; Simmaco, M; Tafuri, A, 2021)
"Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent and associated with the long-term prognosis of SLE."	1.56	Clinical significance of non-thyroidal illness syndrome on disease activity and dyslipidemia in patients with SLE. ( Chen, Z; Hu, W; Hua, B; Huang, S; Liu, L; Ma, X; Sun, L; Wang, H; Xu, X; Zhang, X, 2020)
"The prevalence of low T3 syndrome was 11."	1.51	Low triiodothyronine syndrome and serum selenium status in the course of acute myocardial infarction. ( Czubek, U; Frączek-Jucha, M; Gackowski, A; Kabat, M; Nessler, J; Szlósarczyk, B, 2019)
"Low T3 syndrome is frequently found in patients with HFrEF and is associated with a poor outcome."	1.51	Low triiodothyronine syndrome and selenium deficiency - undervalued players in advanced heart failure? A single center pilot study. ( Fraczek-Jucha, M; Gackowski, A; Kabat, M; Nessler, J; Plens, K; Rychlak, R; Zbierska-Rubinkiewicz, K, 2019)
"Alterations in thyroid hormones during critical illness, known as non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS), were suggested to have a prognostic value."	1.51	[Prevalence and prognostic value of non-thyroidal illness syndrome among critically ill children]. ( El-Dihemey, MA; El-Ella, SSA; El-Mekkawy, MS, 2019)
"In conclusion, low T3 syndrome may be a good candidate for predicting prognosis in future clinical practice of CLL."	1.48	Low T3 syndrome as a predictor of poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. ( Chen, RZ; Fan, L; Gao, R; Li, JY; Liang, JH; Wang, L; Xia, Y; Xu, W; Yang, T; Zhu Wu, J; Zhu, HY, 2018)
"Critical illness in patients with polytrauma leaded to trauma severity-dependent alterations of the thyroid axis response early after injury."	1.42	Dynamic neuroendocrine changes in critically ill patients with polytrauma. ( Galusova, A; Imrich, R; Mackova, J; Majek, M; Meskova, M; Pauliny, M; Penesova, A; Vlcek, M, 2015)
"NT were excluded when they showed severe sepsis and asphyxia, and congenital malformations, as well as those whose mothers had thyroid disease and IUGR."	1.42	Nonthyroidal illnesses syndrome in full-term newborns with sepsis. ( Araujo, MC; Carvalho, WB; Ceccon, ME; Diniz, EM; Silva, MH, 2015)
"This study showed low T3 syndrome in canine babesiosis, which was confirmed by the determination of the T3 concentration, and demonstrates that in canine babesiosis the T3 concentration is associated with IL-6 concentration."	1.42	Low T3 syndrome in canine babesiosis associated with increased serum IL-6 concentration and azotaemia. ( Bąska, P; Długosz, E; Gójska-Zygner, O; Zygner, W, 2015)
"Both starvation and critical illness are hallmarked by changes in circulating thyroid hormone parameters with typically low T(3) concentrations in the absence of elevated TSH."	1.38	Contribution of nutritional deficit to the pathogenesis of the nonthyroidal illness syndrome in critical illness: a rabbit model study. ( Darras, VM; Derde, S; Eerdekens, A; Güiza, F; Langouche, L; Mebis, L; Princen, L; Van den Berghe, G; Vanhorebeek, I; Vanwijngaerden, YM, 2012)
"Low triiodothyronine (T3) has been associated with increased short-term mortality in intensive care unit patients and long-term mortality in patients with heart disease."	1.34	Low triiodothyronine: a strong predictor of outcome in acute stroke patients. ( Alevizaki, M; Pappa, T; Synetou, M; Vemmos, KN; Xynos, K, 2007)
"20 patients with septic shock were included into study."	1.33	[Assessment of the release of thyroid hormones in septic shock--prognostic significance]. ( Borkowski, J; Czaban, SL; Jedynak, M; Siemiatkowski, A; Wołczyński, S, 2005)
"However, the information in regard to low T3 syndrome in psychiatric subjects who are clinically euthyroid and do not have any other systemic illness is scanty."	1.33	Low T3 syndrome in psychiatric depression. ( Kabir, MA; Premachandra, BN; Williams, IK, 2006)
"The "sick euthyroid syndrome" is also seen in association with significant illnesses and consists of decreased levels of circulating triiodothyronine (T3)."	1.31	The effects of triiodothyronine augmentation on antithrombin III levels in sepsis. ( Chapital, AD; Hendrick, SR; Lloyd, L; Pieper, D, 2001)
"Sick euthyroid syndrome is defined as the decrease of serum free triiodothyronine with normal free L-thyroxin and thyrotropin."	1.31	Heart failure accompanied by sick euthyroid syndrome and exercise training. ( Boudonas, G; Efthimiadis, A; Keskilidis, C; Lefkos, N; Psirropoulos, D; Tsapas, G; Vogas, V, 2002)
"Se status is altered after trauma, with decreased Se serum levels upon admission to the ICU but with no major Se losses."	1.29	Relations between the selenium status and the low T3 syndrome after major trauma. ( Berger, MM; Cavadini, C; Chioléro, R; Lemarchand-Béraud, T, 1996)
"The so-called "low T3 syndrome" has frequently been reported in patients with cirrhosis."	1.28	"Low T3 syndrome" in cirrhosis: effect of beta-blockade. ( Bellanova, B; Bernardi, M; De Palma, R; Gasbarrini, G; Pesa, O; Tame, MR; Trevisani, F; Vecchi, F, 1989)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	9 (4.69)	18.7374
1990's	49 (25.52)	18.2507
2000's	59 (30.73)	29.6817
2010's	50 (26.04)	24.3611
2020's	25 (13.02)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Feeding the Critically Ill During Phases of Altered Redox Status (FEDOX): a Prospective Randomized Trial[NCT03085615]		35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-15	Completed
Evalution of Thyroid Functions in Hemodialysis Children in Sohag University Hospital[NCT05451472]		39 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Not yet recruiting
Evaluation of the Effects of N-acetylcysteine on Thyroid Hormone Levels in the Low T3 Syndrome[NCT01501110]	Phase 4	83 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
Improvement of Laboratory Diagnostics in Hypothyroid Patients Using Levothyroxine[NCT06083636]		500 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-07-26	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	ng/dL (Mean)
N-acetylcysteine	93.5
no Intervention	96.5

Article	Year
Euthyroid sick syndrome in paediatric and adult patients requiring extracorporeal circulatory support and the role of thyroid hormone supplementation: a review. Perfusion, 2021, Volume: 36, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Child; Dietary Supplements; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Thyroid	2021
Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome and Thyroid Hormone Actions at Integrin αvβ3. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018, 04-01, Volume: 103, Issue:4 Topics: Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Integrin alphaVbeta3; Neoplasms; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Thyroxi	2018
Thyroid Hormones in Critical Illness. Critical care clinics, 2019, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Critical Care; Critical Illness; Euthyroid	2019
Thyroid hormone and the stunned myocardium. The Journal of endocrinology, 2014, Volume: 223, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Hemodynamics; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Myocardial Stu	2014
Thyroid function, Alzheimer's disease and postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a tale of dangerous liaisons? Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2008, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Cholinergic Fibers; Cognition Disorders; Delirium; Euthyroid Sick Sy	2008
Approach to a low TSH level: patience is a virtue. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 2010, Volume: 77, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Disease Progression; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Humans; Hypert	2010
[Non thyroidal illnesses (NTIS)]. Annales d'endocrinologie, 2010, Volume: 71 Suppl 1 Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Cytokines; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Iodide	2010
Beyond low plasma T3: local thyroid hormone metabolism during inflammation and infection. Endocrine reviews, 2011, Volume: 32, Issue:5 Topics: Acute Disease; Adipose Tissue; Bacterial Infections; Chronic Disease; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Gene	2011
[Nonthyroidal illness (NTI)]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2012, Volume: 70, Issue:11 Topics: Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Iodide Peroxidase; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroxine; Triiodothyro	2012
Thyroid hormone and cardiac surgery. Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2002, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Cardiac Output; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Clinical Trials as Top	2002
[Syndrome of non-thyroid pathology in patients with cardiovascular diseases (review)]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2003, Volume: 75, Issue:10 Topics: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Thyroxine; Triiod	2003
Exercise as a stress model and the interplay between the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axes. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2005, Volume: 37, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Exercise; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Interleukin-6;	2005
[Nonthyroidal illness]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2005, Volume: 63 Suppl 10 Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypoph	2005
Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should be treated with appropriate replacement therapies. Critical care clinics, 2006, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Biological Transport; Cytokines; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; Hormone	2006
Clinical review: thyroid hormone replacement in children after cardiac surgery--is it worth a try? Critical care (London, England), 2006, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Child; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Postoperative Complications; R	2006
[Low T3 syndrome, low T4 syndrome (euthyroid sick syndrome)]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2006, May-28, Volume: Suppl 1 Topics: Animals; Diabetes Complications; Diagnosis, Differential; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Liver Ci	2006
[Thyroid hormones disturbances in critical ill patients--low T3 syndrome]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 2005, Volume: 114, Issue:6 Topics: Critical Illness; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrine System Diseases; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Huma	2005
[Pathophysiological and clinical correlations between endocrine and cardiovascular systems. An inter-systemic model of internal medicine]. Recenti progressi in medicina, 2006, Volume: 97, Issue:12 Topics: Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Cardiovascular System; Diabetes Mellitus; Endocrine System; Endothelium,	2006
Non thyroidal illness: to treat or not to treat? Annales d'endocrinologie, 2007, Volume: 68, Issue:4 Topics: Critical Care; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Thyroid Hormones; Trii	2007
Recent considerations in the treatment of hypothyroidism. Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000), 2008, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Pregnancy; Pr	2008
The sick euthyroid syndrome: changes in thyroid hormone serum parameters and hormone metabolism. Clinical endocrinology, 1993, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Thyroid Hormones; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine	1993
Making sense of hypothyroidism. An approach to testing and treatment. Postgraduate medicine, 1993, May-01, Volume: 93, Issue:6 Topics: Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronin	1993
Diagnosis of thyroid hormone transport protein anomalies: an overview. Acta medica Austriaca, 1996, Volume: 23, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Diagnosis, Differential; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Prealbumin; Thyroid Function Tes	1996
Circannual changes in thyroid hormone physiology: the role of cold environmental temperatures. Arctic medical research, 1995, Volume: 54 Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Arctic Regions; Cold Temperature; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Seasons;	1995
[Low-T3/Low-T4 syndrome]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 1996, May-10, Volume: 85, Issue:5 Topics: Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine	1996
The use of thyroid hormone in cardiac surgery. Current opinion in cardiology, 1996, Volume: 11, Issue:6 Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Triiodothyron	1996
[Euthyroid sick syndrome: recent physiopathologic findings]. La Revue de medecine interne, 1998, Volume: 19, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Iodide Peroxidase; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroid Gland;	1998
Dangerous dogmas in medicine: the nonthyroidal illness syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1999, Volume: 84, Issue:1 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Cytokines; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyrotropin;	1999
The sick euthyroid syndrome in paediatric cardiac surgery patients. Intensive care medicine, 2001, Volume: 27, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Child; Child, Preschool; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans;	2001
The selenoenzyme family of deiodinase isozymes controls local thyroid hormone availability. Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders, 2000, Volume: 1, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Humans; Iodid	2000
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome and the role of cytokines. Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders, 2000, Volume: 1, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Enzyme Inhibitors; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Hypothalamus; Iodide Peroxi	2000
Euthyroid sick syndrome. Southern medical journal, 2002, Volume: 95, Issue:5 Topics: Critical Illness; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Starvation; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroxine; Triiodo	2002
Euthyroid low thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) states in prematures and sick neonates. Pediatric clinics of North America, 1990, Volume: 37, Issue:6 Topics: Embryonic and Fetal Development; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Fetal Blood; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Inf	1990

Article	Year
Low T3 Syndrome on Admission and Response to Nutritional Support in Malnourished Medical Inpatients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2023, 05-17, Volume: 108, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Inpatients; Malnutrition; Nutritional Support; Triiodothyro	2023
Higher Caloric Exposure in Critically Ill Patients Transiently Accelerates Thyroid Hormone Activation. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2020, 02-01, Volume: 105, Issue:2 Topics: Critical Illness; Energy Intake; Enteral Nutrition; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Humans; Male;	2020
Thyroid function during coronary surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 2009, Volume: 36, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Cardiotonic Agents; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronary Artery Bypass, Of	2009
Expression of thyroid hormone transporters during critical illness. European journal of endocrinology, 2009, Volume: 161, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Base Sequence; Critical Illness; Disease Model	2009
Peri-operative oral triiodothyronine replacement therapy to prevent postoperative low triiodothyronine state following valvular heart surgery. Anaesthesia, 2009, Volume: 64, Issue:8 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Critical Care; Double-Blind Method; Drug	2009
Perfusion temperature, thyroid hormones and inflammation during pediatric cardiac surgery. Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2010, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Biomarkers; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokine CCL5; Eut	2010
Effect of short-term infusive dobutamine therapy on thyroid hormone profile and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute worsening heart failure and low-triiodothyronine syndrome. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Cardiotonic Agents; Dobutamine; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Heart Failure; Hemody	2012
Clinical investigation: thyroid function test abnormalities in cardiac arrest associated with acute coronary syndrome. Critical care (London, England), 2005, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Coronary Disease; Creatine Kinase, MB Form; Electric Countershock; Eu	2005
Oral triiodothyronine for the prevention of thyroid hormone reduction in adult valvular cardiac surgery. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas, 2006, Volume: 39, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Case-Control Studies; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes	2006
Frequency and outcome of patients with nonthyroidal illness syndrome in a medical intensive care unit. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Topics: APACHE; Critical Care; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle	2007
Physiological effects of nonthyroidal illness syndrome in patients after cardiac surgery. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 293, Issue:1 Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Coronary Artery Bypass; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method;	2007
Acute effects of triiodothyronine (T3) replacement therapy in patients with chronic heart failure and low-T3 syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2008, Volume: 93, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Chronic Disease; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Heart; Heart Failu	2008
Dopamine and the sick euthyroid syndrome in critical illness. Clinical endocrinology, 1994, Volume: 41, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Critical Illness; Depression, Chemical; Dopamine; Euthyr	1994
Neutralization of TNF does not influence endotoxininduced changes in thyroid hormone metabolism in humans. The American journal of physiology, 1999, Volume: 276, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Endotoxins; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; Immunoglobulin G;	1999
Selective consumption of thyroxine-binding globulin during cardiac bypass surgery. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2000, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Coronary Artery Bypass; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Humans; Prealbumin; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine;	2000
[Autonomy of the thyroid gland: is there an "organ hyperthyroidism" of "euthyroid" patients?]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 2000, Aug-15, Volume: 95, Issue:8 Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroi	2000
Dissociation of the early decline in serum T(3) concentration and serum IL-6 rise and TNFalpha in nonthyroidal illness syndrome induced by abdominal surgery. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:9 Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Interleukin-6; Male; Middl	2001
Hemithyroidectomy: long-term effects on parathyroid function--preliminary report. World journal of surgery, 2001, Volume: 25, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Calcitriol; Calcium; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Homeostasis; Humans	2001
Interferon-gamma administration does not affect human thyroid hormone metabolism in the post-surgical euthyroid sick syndrome. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2002, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Cytokines; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes; Female; HLA-DR Antigens; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Male;	2002

triiodothyronine and High T4 Syndrome

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (192)

Authors

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Serum T3 Levels at 48 Hours

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Lin, X	1
Chen, X	2
Yang, CY	1
Akman, T	1
Topaloglu, O	1
Altunoglu, A	1
Neselioglu, S	1
Erel, O	1
Hurtado-Torres, GF	1
Sparano, C	1
Zago, E	1
Morettini, A	1
Nozzoli, C	1
Yannas, D	1
Adornato, V	1
Caldini, E	1
Vaudo, M	1
Maggi, M	1
Petrone, L	1
Yu, N	1
Wang, L	2
Zeng, Y	1
Zhao, Y	2
Chen, S	1
Pan, H	1
Gong, F	1
Zhu, H	1
Li, LZ	1
Hu, JH	1
Xu, ZY	1
Hong, M	1
Sun, Q	1
Qian, SX	1
Liu, WJ	1
Okoye, C	1
Niccolai, F	1
Rogani, S	1
Lemmi, B	1
Peta, U	1
Del Vecchio, S	1
Morelli, V	1
Caraccio, N	1
Calsolaro, V	1
Monzani, F	1
Smiyan, O	1
Havrylenko, A	1
Loboda, A	1
Popov, S	1
Petrashenko, V	1
Smiian, K	1
Aleksakhina, T	1
Chen, H	2
Xu, M	1
Huang, Y	1
He, J	1
Ren, W	1
Besci, T	1
Besci, Ö	1
Arslan, G	1
Ilgaz, H	1
Prencuva, P	1
Özdemir, G	1
Abacı, A	1
Demir, K	1
Müller, NA	1
Kaegi-Braun, N	1
Durmisi, M	1
Gressies, C	1
Tribolet, P	1
Stanga, Z	1
Mueller, B	2
Schuetz, P	2
Miao, G	1
Pang, S	1
Zhou, Y	2
Duan, M	1
Bai, L	1
Zhao, X	1
Frączek-Jucha, M	2
Szlósarczyk, B	1
Kabat, M	2
Czubek, U	1
Nessler, J	2
Gackowski, A	2
McKeever, L	1
Peterson, SJ	1
Lateef, O	1
Freels, S	1
Fonseca, TL	1
Bocco, BMLC	1
Fernandes, GW	1
Roehl, K	1
Nowak, K	1
Mozer, M	1
Bianco, AC	1
Braunschweig, CA	1
Pyvovar, SM	2
Rudyk, IS	2
Kopytsya, MP	2
Lozyk, TV	2
Galchinskaya, VY	1
Bondar, TM	1
Zhang, X	1
Liu, L	1
Ma, X	1
Hu, W	1
Xu, X	1
Huang, S	1
Hua, B	1
Wang, H	1
Chen, Z	1
Sun, L	1
Stefanelli, S	1
Michou, E	1
Strebel, I	1
Lopez-Ayala, P	1
Mueller, C	1
Lado-Abeal, J	1
Diaz, C	1
Berdine, G	1
Iwuji, K	1
Araujo-Vilar, D	1
Lampon-Fernandez, N	1
Wang, M	2
Lojo, S	1
Rodriguez-Perez, A	1
Rivas, AM	1
Nistal-Nuño, B	1
Feng, HL	1
Li, Q	1
Cao, WK	1
Yang, JM	1
Galchinskaya, VI	1
Chenchik, TO	1
Wang, W	1
Zhang, K	1
Tang, YD	1
Sciacchitano, S	1
De Vitis, C	1
D'Ascanio, M	1
Giovagnoli, S	1
De Dominicis, C	1
Laghi, A	1
Anibaldi, P	1
Petrucca, A	1
Salerno, G	1
Santino, I	1
Amodeo, R	1
Simmaco, M	1
Napoli, C	1
Tafuri, A	1
Di Napoli, A	1
Sacconi, A	1
Salvati, V	1
Ciliberto, G	1
Fanciulli, M	1
Piaggio, G	1
de Latouliere, L	1
Ricci, A	1
Mancini, R	1
Lui, DTW	1
Lee, CH	1
Chow, WS	1
Lee, ACH	1
Tam, AR	1
Fong, CHY	1
Law, CY	1
Leung, EKH	1
To, KKW	1
Tan, KCB	1
Woo, YC	1
Lam, CW	1
Hung, IFN	1
Lam, KSL	1
Baldelli, R	1
Nicastri, E	1
Petrosillo, N	1
Marchioni, L	1
Gubbiotti, A	1
Sperduti, I	1
Di Giacinto, P	1
Rizza, L	1
Rota, F	1
Franco, M	1
Lania, A	1
Aimaretti, G	1
Ippolito, G	1
Zuppi, P	1
Assimakopoulos, SF	1
Markantes, GK	1
Papageorgiou, D	1
Mamali, I	1
Markou, KB	1
Marangos, M	1
Michalaki, MA	1
Calcaterra, V	1
Biganzoli, G	1
Dilillo, D	1
Mannarino, S	1
Fiori, L	1
Pelizzo, G	1
Zoia, E	1
Fabiano, V	1
Carlucci, P	1
Camporesi, A	1
Corti, C	1
Mercurio, G	1
Izzo, F	1
Biganzoli, E	1
Zuccotti, G	1
Gao, J	1
Xu, Y	1
Kong, D	1
Zhou, L	1
Jia, H	1
Liang, B	1
Gu, Z	1
Hercbergs, A	1
Mousa, SA	1
Davis, PJ	1
Ren, H	1
Ren, J	1
Wang, G	1
Hong, Z	1
Gu, G	1
Chen, J	2
Wu, X	1
Hu, Q	1
Li, G	1
Gao, R	1
Chen, RZ	1
Xia, Y	1
Liang, JH	1
Zhu, HY	1
Zhu Wu, J	1
Fan, L	1
Li, JY	1
Yang, T	1
Xu, W	1
Su, W	1
Zhao, XQ	1
Li, HW	1
El-Ella, SSA	1
El-Mekkawy, MS	1
El-Dihemey, MA	1
Shu-Lan, Q	1
Chun-Yan, H	1
Qi, H	1
Juan, C	1
Cheng-Fang, J	1
Aimee, YC	1
Xia, S	1
Zhi-Hong, L	1
Long-Xin, X	1
Ataoğlu, HE	1
Ahbab, S	1
Serez, MK	1
Yamak, M	1
Kayaş, D	1
Canbaz, ET	1
Çetin, F	1
Seçmeler, Ş	1
Şar, F	1
Yenigün, M	1
Wang, YF	1
Heng, JF	1
Yan, J	1
Dong, L	1
Akbaş, T	1
Sahin, İE	1
Ozturk, A	1
Qin, SL	1
He, Q	1
Hu, L	1
He, CY	1
Gao, LC	1
Young, CA	1
Jiang, CF	1
Luo, XF	1
Sheng, X	1
Li, ZH	1
Chen, ML	1
Xu, G	1
Maiden, MJ	1
Torpy, DJ	2
Pan, B	1
Du, X	1
Zhang, H	1
Hua, X	1
Wan, X	1
Cao, C	1
Zbierska-Rubinkiewicz, K	1
Plens, K	1
Rychlak, R	1
Wu, J	1
Guo, N	1
Xing, C	1
Bunevicius, A	1
Iaglova, NV	1
Huang, J	1
Jin, L	1
Ji, G	1
Xing, L	1
Xu, C	1
Xiong, X	1
Li, H	1
Wu, K	1
Ren, G	1
Kong, L	1
Yu, HM	1
Miao, KF	1
Duan, W	1
Qian, Y	1
Chen, DQ	1
Chuang, CP	1
Jong, YS	1
Wu, CY	1
Lo, HM	1
Novitzky, D	1
Cooper, DK	1
Srivastava, J	1
Robertson, CL	1
Gredler, R	1
Siddiq, A	1
Rajasekaran, D	1
Akiel, MA	1
Emdad, L	1
Mas, V	1
Mukhopadhyay, ND	1
Fisher, PB	1
Sarkar, D	1
Zygner, W	1
Gójska-Zygner, O	1
Bąska, P	1
Długosz, E	1
Park, HJ	1
Kim, J	1
Han, EJ	1
Park, SE	1
Park, CY	1
Lee, WY	2
Oh, KW	2
Park, SW	1
Rhee, EJ	1
Jankauskienė, E	1
Orda, P	1
Rumbinaitė, E	1
Žaliaduonytė-Pekšienė, D	1
Steponavičiutė, R	1
Krasauskienė, A	1
Vaškelytė, JJ	1
Bunevičius, R	1
Silva, MH	1
Araujo, MC	1
Diniz, EM	1
Ceccon, ME	1
Carvalho, WB	1
Galusova, A	1
Pauliny, M	1
Majek, M	1
Mackova, J	1
Meskova, M	1
Vlcek, M	1
Imrich, R	1
Penesova, A	1
Ceresini, G	1
Marina, M	1
Lauretani, F	1
Maggio, M	1
Bandinelli, S	1
Ceda, GP	1
Ferrucci, L	1
Petrone, A	1
Mormile, F	1
Bruni, G	1
Quartieri, M	1
Bonsignore, MR	1
Marrone, O	1
Nomura, R	1
Miyai, K	1
Kuge, R	1
Okura, T	1
Goto, M	1
Hasegawa, Y	1
Maralcan, G	1
Erkol, H	1
Erkol, Z	1
Yanar, F	1
Plevin, R	1
Mafrica, F	1
Fodale, V	1
Aprile, I	1
Romitelli, F	1
Piazzini, DB	1
Padua, L	1
Lancellotti, S	1
Maggi, L	1
Zuppi, C	1
Bertolini, C	1
Di Stasio, E	1
Forestier, E	1
Vinzio, S	1
Sapin, R	3
Schlienger, JL	4
Goichot, B	4
Golombek, SG	1
Velissaris, T	1
Tang, AT	1
Wood, PJ	1
Hett, DA	1
Ohri, SK	1
Abozenah, H	1
Shoeb, S	1
Sabry, A	1
Ismail, H	1
Pimentel, CR	1
Miano, FA	1
Perone, D	2
Conde, SJ	1
Luvizotto, Rde A	1
Padovani, CR	1
Cicogna, AC	2
Filho, FR	1
Nogueira, CR	2
Mebis, L	2
Paletta, D	1
Debaveye, Y	1
Ellger, B	1
Langouche, L	2
D'Hoore, A	1
Darras, VM	2
Visser, TJ	1
Van den Berghe, G	3
Choi, YS	1
Kwak, YL	1
Kim, JC	1
Chun, DH	1
Hong, SW	1
Shim, JK	1
Coceani, M	1
Iervasi, G	2
Pingitore, A	2
Carpeggiani, C	1
L'Abbate, A	2
Consorti, F	1
Leventi, A	1
Loponte, M	1
Antonaci, A	1
Cassetti, G	1
Pinelli, M	1
Bindi, M	1
Bianchi, M	1
Castiglioni, M	1
Hemmati, F	1
Pishva, N	1
Eggum, R	1
Ueland, T	1
Mollnes, TE	1
Videm, V	1
Fiane, AE	1
Aukrust, P	1
Lindberg, HL	1
Suvarna, JC	1
Fande, CN	1
Iglesias, P	1
Muñoz, A	1
Prado, F	1
Guerrero, MT	1
Macías, MC	1
Ridruejo, E	1
Tajada, P	1
García-Arévalo, C	1
Díez, JJ	1
Ieiri, T	1
Pantalone, KM	1
Nasr, C	1
Meyer, S	1
Wieland, M	1
Nusbaumer, C	1
Christ-Crain, M	1
Luca, F	1
Brue, T	1
Rix, M	1
Laurberg, P	1
Porzig, C	1
Kristensen, SR	1
Ozen, KP	1
Asci, G	1
Gungor, O	1
Carrero, JJ	1
Kircelli, F	1
Tatar, E	1
Sevinc Ok, E	1
Ozkahya, M	1
Toz, H	1
Cirit, M	1
Basci, A	1
Ok, E	1
Boelen, A	4
Kwakkel, J	1
Fliers, E	1
Wang, Z	1
Lao, HM	1
Liu, T	1
Li, LQ	1
Li, M	1
Wu, YS	1
Li, L	1
Guo, CY	1
Yang, J	1
Jia, EZ	1
Zhu, TB	1
Wang, LS	1
Cao, KJ	1
Ma, WZ	1
Yang, ZJ	1
Eerdekens, A	1
Güiza, F	1
Princen, L	1
Derde, S	1
Vanwijngaerden, YM	1
Vanhorebeek, I	1
D'Aloia, A	1
Vizzardi, E	1
Bugatti, S	1
Rovetta, R	1
Bonadei, I	1
Del Magro, F	1
Curnis, A	1
Dei Cas, L	1
Jang, SY	1
Lee, SY	1
Lee, EJ	1
Yoon, JS	1
Todd, SR	1
Sim, V	1
Moore, LJ	1
Turner, KL	1
Sucher, JF	1
Moore, FA	1
Murakami, M	1
Klemperer, JD	1
Suh, JY	1
Kim, SW	1
Oh, ES	1
Baek, KH	1
Kang, MI	1
Lee, KW	1
Kim, CC	1
Cerillo, AG	2
Sabatino, L	1
Bevilacqua, S	2
Farneti, PA	1
Scarlattini, M	2
Forini, F	1
Glauber, M	2
Ametov, AS	1
Balashova, NV	1
Giliarevskiĭ, SR	1
Storti, S	1
Mariani, M	1
Kallushi, E	1
Parri, MS	1
Clerico, A	1
Borkowski, J	1
Siemiatkowski, A	1
Wołczyński, S	1
Czaban, SL	1
Jedynak, M	1
Iltumur, K	1
Olmez, G	1
Ariturk, Z	1
Taskesen, T	1
Toprak, N	1
Mastorakos, G	1
Pavlatou, M	1
Iitaka, M	1
De Groot, LJ	2
Brokhin, M	1
Klein, I	2
Bauab, RC	1
Castro, AV	1
Yu, J	2
Koenig, RJ	2
Haas, NA	1
Camphausen, CK	1
Kececioglu, D	1
Toyoda, N	1
Nomura, E	1
Nishikawa, M	2
Niemczyk, S	1
Woźniacki, L	1
Premachandra, BN	1
Kabir, MA	1
Williams, IK	1
Magalhães, AP	1
Gus, M	1
Silva, LB	1
Schaan, BD	1
Plikat, K	1
Langgartner, J	1
Buettner, R	1
Bollheimer, LC	1
Woenckhaus, U	1
Schölmerich, J	1
Wrede, CE	1
Andreoli, M	1
Spratt, DI	1
Frohnauer, M	1
Cyr-Alves, H	1
Kramer, RS	1
Lucas, FL	1
Morton, JR	1
Cox, DF	1
Becker, K	1
Devlin, JT	1
Alevizaki, M	1
Synetou, M	1
Xynos, K	1
Pappa, T	1
Vemmos, KN	1
Peeters, RP	1
Galli, E	1
Barison, A	1
Iervasi, A	1
Nucci, D	1
Mariotti, R	1
Gangemi, EN	1
Garino, F	1
Berchialla, P	1
Martinese, M	1
Arecco, F	1
Orlandi, F	1
Stella, M	1
Danzi, S	1
Thrush, DN	1
Austin, D	1
Burdash, N	1
Platvoet-ter Schiphorst, MC	3
Bakker, O	1
Wiersinga, WM	4
de Zegher, F	1
Lauwers, P	1
Docter, R	1
Krenning, EP	1
de Jong, M	1
Hennemann, G	1
Carlin, K	1
Carlin, S	1
Martinez, M	1
Derksen, D	1
Kapsner, P	1
Spalter, AR	1
Gwirtsman, HE	1
Demitrack, MA	1
Gold, PW	1
Cheville, AL	1
Kirshblum, SC	1
van Rooijen, N	1
Langsteger, W	1
Berger, MM	1
Lemarchand-Béraud, T	1
Cavadini, C	1
Chioléro, R	1
Davies, PH	1
Black, EG	1
Sheppard, MC	1
Franklyn, JA	1
Reed, HL	1
Toyota, N	1
Inada, M	1
Dyke, C	1
Nellen Hummel, H	1
Gutiérrez Espíndola, G	1
Talavera, J	1
Gordon, F	1
Halabe, J	1
Flores, G	1
Kimura, T	3
Kanda, T	3
Kuwabara, A	2
Shinohara, H	1
Kobayashi, I	3
Katzeff, HL	1
Powell, SR	1
Ojamaa, K	1
Bornstein, SR	1
Chrousos, GP	1
Licinio, J	1
Engelmann, L	1
Chopra, IJ	2
Girvent, M	1
Maestro, S	1
Hernández, R	1
Carajol, I	1
Monné, J	1
Sancho, JJ	1
Gubern, JM	1
Sitges-Serra, A	1
Tevi-Benissan, C	1
Di Costanzo, B	1
Gresenguet, G	1
Belec, L	1
Wang, R	1
Nelson, JC	1
Wilcox, RB	1
Maréchaud, R	1
van der Poll, T	2
Endert, E	2
Coyle, SM	1
Agosti, JM	1
Lowry, SF	1
Glinoer, D	1
López, JM	1
Mosso, L	1
Campino, C	1
Schilling, JU	1
Zimmermann, T	1
Albrecht, S	1
Zwipp, H	1
Saeger, HD	1
Afandi, B	1
Schussler, GC	1
Arafeh, AH	1
Boutros, A	1
Yap, MG	1
Finkelstein, A	1
Lee, S	1
Chow, CC	1
Wing, YK	1
Shek, AC	1
Mak, TW	1
Ahuja, A	1
Lee, DT	1
Leung, TY	1
Kotajima, N	2
Amagai, H	1
Fukumura, Y	2
Nagaya, T	1
Fujieda, M	1
Otsuka, G	1
Yang, JP	1
Okamoto, T	1
Seo, H	1
Wawrzyn, H	1
Hesch, RD	1
Chapital, AD	1
Hendrick, SR	1
Lloyd, L	1
Pieper, D	1
Ross, OC	1
Petros, A	1
Michalaki, M	1
Vagenakis, AG	1
Makri, M	1
Kalfarentzos, F	1
Kyriazopoulou, V	1
Lindblom, P	1
Westerdahl, J	1
Bergenfelz, A	1
Köhrle, J	1
Papanicolaou, DA	1
Bagriacik, EU	1
Zhou, Q	1
Wang, HC	1
Klein, JR	1
Umpierrez, GE	1
Psirropoulos, D	1
Lefkos, N	1
Boudonas, G	1
Efthimiadis, A	1
Vogas, V	1
Keskilidis, C	1
Tsapas, G	1
de Metz, J	1
Romijn, JA	2
Gouma, DJ	1
ten Berge, IJ	1
Busch, OR	1
Sauerwein, HP	2
Chandrasekharan, S	1
Qiu, TH	1
Alkharouf, N	1
Brantley, K	1
Mitchell, JB	1
Liu, ET	1
Gottardis, M	1
Koller, J	1
Benzer, A	1
Wieser, C	1
Hackl, JM	1
Koenigsrainer, A	1
Herold, M	1
Fridrich, L	1
Hermus, RM	1
Sweep, CG	1
van der Meer, MJ	1
Ross, HA	1
Smals, AG	1
Benraad, TJ	1
Kloppenborg, PW	1
Okamura, K	1
Sato, K	1
Ikenoue, H	1
Osato, S	1
Tokuyama, T	1
Yoshinari, M	1
Kuroda, T	1
Fujishima, M	1
Kayima, JK	1
Otieno, LS	1
Gitau, W	1
Mwai, S	1
Van Lente, F	1
Daher, R	1
Nelson, RW	1
Ihle, SL	1
Feldman, EC	1
Bottoms, GD	1
Jolobe, OM	1
Liang, DS	1
Capgras, T	1
Gasser, F	1
Monassier, JP	1
Hauer, B	1
Arnold, P	1
Flattet, A	1
Ljubicić, N	1
Ljubicić-Marić, S	1
Bilić, A	1
Bunjevac, S	1
Sakane, S	1
Teco, GN	1
Holland, FW	1
Brown, PS	1
Weintraub, BD	1
Clark, RE	1
Benker, G	1
Raida, M	1
Olbricht, T	1
Wagner, R	1
Reinhardt, W	1
Reinwein, D	1
Kreisig, T	1
Pickardt, CR	1
Kirsch, CM	1
Knesewitsch, P	1
Fisher, DA	1
Tucker, WS	1
Eskildsen, PC	1
Kruse, A	1
Kirkegaard, C	1
Shimamoto, Y	1
Shimamoto, H	1
Nakamura, H	1
Bernardi, M	1
De Palma, R	1
Trevisani, F	1
Pesa, O	1
Tame, MR	1
Bellanova, B	1
Vecchi, F	1
Gasbarrini, G	1
Reiners, C	1
Gramer-Kurz, E	1
Pickert, E	1
Schweisfurth, H	1
Koga, H	1
Kaku, T	1
Hashiba, K	1
Vardarli, I	1
Schmidt, R	1
Wdowinski, JM	1
Teuber, J	1
Schwedes, U	1
Usadel, KH	1
Shigematsu, H	1
Shatney, CH	1
Fabris, N	1
Mocchegiani, E	1
Mariotti, S	1
Caramia, G	1
Braccili, T	1
Pacini, F	1
Pinchera, A	1