trihexyphenidyl has been researched along with Dystonia in 71 studies
Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.
Dystonia: An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It most often affects the large axial muscles of the trunk and limb girdles. Conditions which feature persistent or recurrent episodes of dystonia as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as DYSTONIC DISORDERS. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p77)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Trihexyphenidyl alone is as effective as combination of gabapentin with trihexyphenidyl in decreasing the severity of dystonia at 12 wk." | 9.69 | Gabapentin as Add-on Therapy to Trihexyphenidyl in Children with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. ( Dabla, S; Kumar, S; Shankar Kaushik, J; Verma, S, 2023) |
| "The aim of this study was to assess trihexyphenidyl in reducing overall dystonia, improving upper limb function, and achieving goals in children with dystonic cerebral palsy." | 9.14 | Pilot study on trihexyphenidyl in the treatment of dystonia in children with cerebral palsy. ( Rice, J; Waugh, MC, 2009) |
| "Although trihexyphenidyl is used clinically to treat both primary and secondary dystonia in children, limited evidence exists to support its effectiveness, particularly in dystonia secondary to disorders such as cerebral palsy." | 9.12 | Prospective open-label clinical trial of trihexyphenidyl in children with secondary dystonia due to cerebral palsy. ( Bastian, A; Brunstrom, J; Damiano, D; Delgado, M; Dure, L; Gaebler-Spira, D; Hoon, A; Mink, JW; Sanger, TD; Sherman-Levine, S; Welty, LJ, 2007) |
| "Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is replacing trihexyphenidyl as the treatment of choice for idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD), but there has never been a direct comparative study." | 9.08 | Botulinum toxin versus trihexyphenidyl in cervical dystonia: a prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial. ( Brans, JW; Brunt, ER; Lindeboom, R; Prins, MH; Snoek, JW; Speelman, JD; van der Kamp, W; van Hilten, JJ; van Weerden, TW; Zwarts, MJ, 1996) |
| "We included randomised controlled trials comparing oral trihexyphenidyl versus placebo for dystonia in cerebral palsy." | 8.98 | Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy. ( Baker, LB; Harvey, AR; Reddihough, DS; Scheinberg, A; Williams, K, 2018) |
| "We report a 63-year-old man who presented with amoxapine-induced tardive dystonia." | 8.80 | [A case of amoxapine-induced tardive dystonia successfully treated with a low dose anti-cholinergic agent]. ( Arakawa, K; Hayashi, Y; Inoue, I; Kira, J; Kuwabara, Y; Nakagawa, M; Ohyagi, Y; Taniwaki, T; Yamada, T, 2000) |
| "Forty-one children aged 6 months-5 years with predominantly dystonic cerebral palsy were started on a predetermined protocol of trihexyphenidyl (0." | 8.31 | Trihexyphenidyl in young children with dystonic cerebral palsy: A single arm study. ( Das, B; Juneja, M; Khanna, R; Khosla, M; Mishra, D; Rajkumar, L; Sairam, S; Ventatakrishnan, A, 2023) |
| " This study sought to review the benefits and tolerability of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy, treated for dystonia or sialorrhea or both in a pediatric tertiary care hospital, through a retrospective chart review." | 7.77 | Use of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy. ( Carranza-del Rio, J; Clegg, NJ; Delgado, MR; Moore, A, 2011) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) is a centrally active muscarinic antagonist commonly used to treat patients with generalized dystonia." | 7.71 | Age-dependent effects of trihexyphenidyl in extrapyramidal cerebral palsy. ( Freese, PO; Harryman, SE; Hoon, AH; Johnston, MV; Lawrie, WT; Pidcock, FS; Reinhardt, EM; Wilson, MA, 2001) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl has been found to be an effective treatment for dystonic movement disorders, improving gross motor function in patients with axial and torsional dystonia, tremors, and myoclonus." | 7.70 | Trihexyphenidyl in posthemorrhagic dystonia: motor and language effects. ( Hoon, AH; Johnston, MV; Pidcock, FS, 1999) |
| "A 64-year-old woman with blepharospasm, sustained clenching of the jaw, antecollis, and a strained, high-pitched phonation continued chronic trihexyphenidyl therapy despite the lack of any obvious benefit." | 7.67 | Life-threatening cranial dystonia following trihexyphenidyl withdrawal. ( Giménez-Roldán, S; Martín, M; Mateo, D, 1989) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl alone is as effective as combination of gabapentin with trihexyphenidyl in decreasing the severity of dystonia at 12 wk." | 5.69 | Gabapentin as Add-on Therapy to Trihexyphenidyl in Children with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. ( Dabla, S; Kumar, S; Shankar Kaushik, J; Verma, S, 2023) |
| "Severe dystonia was presented in late stage of this disease." | 5.56 | Trihexyphenidyl for treatment of dystonia in ataxia telangiectasia: a case report. ( Jia, Y; Li, M; Qi, X; Wang, S; Wang, Y; Zhang, L, 2020) |
| "The aim of this study was to assess trihexyphenidyl in reducing overall dystonia, improving upper limb function, and achieving goals in children with dystonic cerebral palsy." | 5.14 | Pilot study on trihexyphenidyl in the treatment of dystonia in children with cerebral palsy. ( Rice, J; Waugh, MC, 2009) |
| "Although trihexyphenidyl is used clinically to treat both primary and secondary dystonia in children, limited evidence exists to support its effectiveness, particularly in dystonia secondary to disorders such as cerebral palsy." | 5.12 | Prospective open-label clinical trial of trihexyphenidyl in children with secondary dystonia due to cerebral palsy. ( Bastian, A; Brunstrom, J; Damiano, D; Delgado, M; Dure, L; Gaebler-Spira, D; Hoon, A; Mink, JW; Sanger, TD; Sherman-Levine, S; Welty, LJ, 2007) |
| "We included randomised controlled trials comparing oral trihexyphenidyl versus placebo for dystonia in cerebral palsy." | 4.98 | Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy. ( Baker, LB; Harvey, AR; Reddihough, DS; Scheinberg, A; Williams, K, 2018) |
| "We report a 63-year-old man who presented with amoxapine-induced tardive dystonia." | 4.80 | [A case of amoxapine-induced tardive dystonia successfully treated with a low dose anti-cholinergic agent]. ( Arakawa, K; Hayashi, Y; Inoue, I; Kira, J; Kuwabara, Y; Nakagawa, M; Ohyagi, Y; Taniwaki, T; Yamada, T, 2000) |
| "Forty-one children aged 6 months-5 years with predominantly dystonic cerebral palsy were started on a predetermined protocol of trihexyphenidyl (0." | 4.31 | Trihexyphenidyl in young children with dystonic cerebral palsy: A single arm study. ( Das, B; Juneja, M; Khanna, R; Khosla, M; Mishra, D; Rajkumar, L; Sairam, S; Ventatakrishnan, A, 2023) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl (THP), a non-selective muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist, is commonly used for the treatment of dystonia associated with TOR1A, otherwise known as DYT1 dystonia." | 4.12 | Blockade of M4 muscarinic receptors on striatal cholinergic interneurons normalizes striatal dopamine release in a mouse model of TOR1A dystonia. ( Donsante, Y; Downs, AM; Hess, EJ; Jinnah, HA, 2022) |
| " All our patients underwent continuous infusion of midazolam, in association with pimozide and trihexyphenidyl, which led to complete resolution of muscular spasms in two patients." | 3.78 | Management of status dystonicus in children. Cases report and review. ( Balestri, P; Grosso, S; Messina, M; Sacchini, M; Verrotti, A, 2012) |
| " This study sought to review the benefits and tolerability of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy, treated for dystonia or sialorrhea or both in a pediatric tertiary care hospital, through a retrospective chart review." | 3.77 | Use of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy. ( Carranza-del Rio, J; Clegg, NJ; Delgado, MR; Moore, A, 2011) |
| " Pharmacological treatment with tetrabenazine, clonazepam and trihexiphenydile allowed a very limited improvement of dystonia; the course was complicated by dystonic storms and decompensations resulting from the iatrogenous panhypopituitarism." | 3.74 | [Severe generalized dystonia due to postradiotherapy cerebral calcifications]. ( Anheim, M; Chanson, JB; Fleury, M; Lagha-Boukbiza, O; Sellal, F; Tranchant, C, 2008) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) is a centrally active muscarinic antagonist commonly used to treat patients with generalized dystonia." | 3.71 | Age-dependent effects of trihexyphenidyl in extrapyramidal cerebral palsy. ( Freese, PO; Harryman, SE; Hoon, AH; Johnston, MV; Lawrie, WT; Pidcock, FS; Reinhardt, EM; Wilson, MA, 2001) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl has been found to be an effective treatment for dystonic movement disorders, improving gross motor function in patients with axial and torsional dystonia, tremors, and myoclonus." | 3.70 | Trihexyphenidyl in posthemorrhagic dystonia: motor and language effects. ( Hoon, AH; Johnston, MV; Pidcock, FS, 1999) |
| " The dopamine precursor levodopa (injected together with carbidopa) and the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine increased the severity of dystonia in hamsters when administered prior to the age of maximum severity of dystonia." | 3.68 | Effects of pharmacological manipulation of dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in genetically dystonic hamsters. ( Fredow, G; Löscher, W, 1992) |
| "A 64-year-old woman with blepharospasm, sustained clenching of the jaw, antecollis, and a strained, high-pitched phonation continued chronic trihexyphenidyl therapy despite the lack of any obvious benefit." | 3.67 | Life-threatening cranial dystonia following trihexyphenidyl withdrawal. ( Giménez-Roldán, S; Martín, M; Mateo, D, 1989) |
| "The occurrence of chorea, induced by trihexyphenidyl (benzhexol hydrochloride) during the treatment of five adult patients who had focal or segmental dystonia, is described." | 3.67 | Anticholinergic-induced chorea in the treatment of focal dystonia. ( Marsden, CD; Nomoto, M; Quinn, NP; Sheehy, MP; Thompson, PD, 1987) |
| "A total of 15 patients affected by idiopathic dystonia (7 with generalized and 8 with focal or segmental dystonia) were subjected to therapy with bromocriptine at low doses, pimozide and trihexyphenidyl." | 3.66 | Idiopathic dystonia: neuropharmacological study. ( Angelini, L; Broggi, G; Caraceni, T; Giovannini, P; Girotti, F; Nardocci, N; Scigliano, G, 1982) |
| "In patients with cranial dystonia, we compared the effects of central anticholinergic, peripheral anticholinergic, and placebo treatments in a double-blind crossover study." | 2.65 | Cranial dystonia: double-blind crossover study of anticholinergics. ( Carter, J; deGarmo, P; Hammerstad, JP; Nutt, JG, 1984) |
| "Selecting the appropriate treatment for dystonia begins with proper classification of disease based on age, distribution, and underlying etiology." | 2.50 | Treatment of dystonia. ( Jankovic, J; Thenganatt, MA, 2014) |
| "Dystonia was focal in 12 patients (cervical most common) and segmental in 8." | 2.47 | The clinical syndrome of primary tic disorder associated with dystonia: a large clinical series and a review of the literature. ( Alonso-Canovas, A; Bhatia, KP; Damásio, J; Edwards, MJ; Kägi, G; Schwingenschuh, P, 2011) |
| "Diagnosis of dystonia is not difficult by recognizing the pattern of clinical presentation." | 2.44 | [Diagnosis and treatment of dystonia]. ( Goto, S; Kaji, R; Sako, W; Sato, K, 2008) |
| "The treatment of dystonia is exclusively difficult." | 2.41 | [Medical treatment of dystonia]. ( Kachi, T, 2001) |
| "Delay to onset of dystonia was 16 years and, prior to the onset of dystonia, the patient had profound corticospinal tract dysfunction manifested by a severe hemiparesis." | 2.37 | Delayed-onset dystonia associated with corticospinal tract dysfunction. ( Factor, SA; Sanchez-Ramos, J; Weiner, WJ, 1988) |
| "Severe dystonia was presented in late stage of this disease." | 1.56 | Trihexyphenidyl for treatment of dystonia in ataxia telangiectasia: a case report. ( Jia, Y; Li, M; Qi, X; Wang, S; Wang, Y; Zhang, L, 2020) |
| "Dystonia is a disabling neurological syndrome characterized by abnormal movements and postures that result from intermittent or sustained involuntary muscle contractions; mutations of DYT1/TOR1A are the most common cause of childhood-onset, generalized, inherited dystonia." | 1.51 | A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model to Investigate the Cell-Autonomous Effects of torsinA(ΔE) Expression in Striatal Output Neurons. ( Beauvais, G; Ehrlich, ME; Gonzalez-Alegre, P; Koch, RJ; Martin, J; Patel, JC; Rice, ME; Walker, RH, 2019) |
| "Isolated dystonia or spasticity was infrequently seen, with a mixed picture of dystonia and spasticity ± choreoathetosis identified in 194/275 (70." | 1.51 | Pharmacological management of abnormal tone and movement in cerebral palsy. ( Amin, S; Basu, A; Cadwgan, J; Crowe, B; DeAlwis, Y; Devlin, A; Kumar, R; Lodh, R; Lumsden, DE; Lundy, CT; Mordekar, SR; Smith, M, 2019) |
| "Examination revealed dystonia of facial muscles every time she chewed but absent during drinking and speaking." | 1.46 | Chewing-induced facial dystonia: a rare presentation of task-specific dystonia. ( Garg, A; Kumar Rana, K; Kumawat, BL; Sharma, C, 2017) |
| "A wide variation in drug management of dystonia was identified." | 1.43 | Medication use in childhood dystonia. ( Kaminska, M; Lin, JP; Lumsden, DE; Tomlin, S, 2016) |
| "DYT16 is a rare autosomal recessive dystonia characterised by generalised dystonia or dystonia-parkinsonism." | 1.38 | DYT16: the original cases. ( Camargos, S; Cardoso, F; Lees, AJ; Singleton, A, 2012) |
| "Paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia (PED) is a rare, typically idiopathic familial condition, although sporadic and secondary cases have been reported." | 1.32 | Paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia as a presenting feature of young-onset Parkinson's disease. ( Bhatia, KP; Bozi, M, 2003) |
| "Dopa-responsive dystonias are rare." | 1.32 | Patient with limb girdle dystrophy presenting with dopa-responsive dystonia--a case report. ( Kishore, D; Misra, S; Singh, NN; Verma, R, 2003) |
| "Focal dystonias are especially known in musicians, although little is reported on focal dystonias in athletic stress." | 1.30 | Bilateral segmental dystonia in a professional tennis player. ( Boose, A; Dickhuth, HH; Horstmann, T; Mayer, F; Topka, H, 1999) |
| "Focal dystonia of the right hand and speech impairment as a result of a circumscribed left-sided anterior thalamic lesion is reported in a 9-year-old girl with borderline normal psychomotor development." | 1.29 | Focal dystonia and speech impairment responding to anticholinergic therapy. ( Maassen, B; Merx, JL; Rotteveel, JJ; Vogels, OJ, 1994) |
| "Three patients who had adult-onset dystonia and who were exhibiting respiratory problems were examined clinically and electrophysiologically." | 1.29 | Involvement of respiratory muscles in adult-onset dystonia: a clinical and electrophysiological study. ( Bergouignan, FX; Burbaud, P; Ferrer, X; Julien, J; Lagueny, A; Le Masson, G, 1995) |
| "Isolated dystonia of trunk and neck muscles without involvement elsewhere has been termed segmental axial dystonia--a rare disorder." | 1.28 | Posttraumatic segmental axial dystonia. ( Jabbari, B; Paul, J; Scherokman, B; Van Dam, B, 1992) |
| "Myoclonic dystonia is a rare disorder that occurs in an hereditary and a sporadic form." | 1.28 | Myoclonic dystonia. ( Friedman, JH; Pueschel, SM; Shetty, T, 1992) |
| "We present a case of symptomatic hemidystonia of delayed onset." | 1.28 | Symptomatic hemidystonia of delayed onset. Magnetic resonance demonstration of pathology in the putamen and the caudate nucleus. ( Aarli, JA; Julsrud, OJ; Midgard, R; Odegaard, H, 1989) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl was used initially, but beginning in 1979, ethopropazine was utilized in the adult subjects." | 1.27 | High-dosage anticholinergic therapy in dystonia. ( Fahn, S, 1983) |
| "Trihexyphenidyl was used initially, but later ethopropazine was given to adult subjects." | 1.27 | High dosage anticholinergic therapy in dystonia. ( Fahn, S, 1983) |
| " Though both blepharospasm and OMD are thought to represent focal dystonia at different body sites, the extent of improvement achieved with these drugs at the dosage employed differed markedly." | 1.27 | Meige's syndrome: acute and chronic responses to clonazepan and anticholinergics. ( Giménez-Roldán, S; Hípola, D; Mateo, D, 1984) |
| " Thirty-seven per cent of the 35 idiopathic dystonia patients had a moderate to marked improvement with an average dosage of 21." | 1.27 | High dose anticholinergic therapy in adult dystonia. ( Lang, AE, 1986) |
| "Hemidystonia was caused by cerebrovascular disease in eight patients, perinatal trauma or childhood injury in four, head trauma and its sequelae in three, neuronal storage disorders in two, neurodegenerative disease in two, lesions after thalamotomy in two, and presumed encephalitis in one." | 1.27 | Hemidystonia: a report of 22 patients and a review of the literature. ( Jankovic, J; Pettigrew, LC, 1985) |
| " Elimination followed first-order kinetics and was rapid, with a half-life of 3." | 1.27 | Pharmacokinetics of trihexyphenidyl after short-term and long-term administration to dystonic patients. ( Burke, RE; Fahn, S, 1985) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 22 (30.99) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 18 (25.35) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 12 (16.90) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 14 (19.72) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 5 (7.04) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Downs, AM | 1 |
| Donsante, Y | 1 |
| Jinnah, HA | 1 |
| Hess, EJ | 1 |
| Kumar, S | 1 |
| Shankar Kaushik, J | 1 |
| Verma, S | 1 |
| Dabla, S | 1 |
| Rajkumar, L | 1 |
| Ventatakrishnan, A | 1 |
| Sairam, S | 1 |
| Khosla, M | 1 |
| Khanna, R | 1 |
| Das, B | 1 |
| Mishra, D | 1 |
| Juneja, M | 1 |
| Gonzalez-Alegre, P | 1 |
| Beauvais, G | 1 |
| Martin, J | 1 |
| Koch, RJ | 1 |
| Walker, RH | 1 |
| Patel, JC | 1 |
| Rice, ME | 1 |
| Ehrlich, ME | 1 |
| Zhang, L | 1 |
| Jia, Y | 1 |
| Qi, X | 1 |
| Li, M | 1 |
| Wang, S | 1 |
| Wang, Y | 1 |
| Bohn, E | 1 |
| Goren, K | 1 |
| Switzer, L | 1 |
| Falck-Ytter, Y | 1 |
| Fehlings, D | 1 |
| Sharma, C | 1 |
| Kumawat, BL | 1 |
| Garg, A | 1 |
| Kumar Rana, K | 1 |
| Harvey, AR | 1 |
| Baker, LB | 1 |
| Reddihough, DS | 1 |
| Scheinberg, A | 1 |
| Williams, K | 1 |
| Lumsden, DE | 2 |
| Crowe, B | 1 |
| Basu, A | 1 |
| Amin, S | 1 |
| Devlin, A | 1 |
| DeAlwis, Y | 1 |
| Kumar, R | 1 |
| Lodh, R | 1 |
| Lundy, CT | 1 |
| Mordekar, SR | 1 |
| Smith, M | 1 |
| Cadwgan, J | 1 |
| Thenganatt, MA | 1 |
| Jankovic, J | 2 |
| Antelmi, E | 1 |
| Erro, R | 1 |
| Pisani, A | 1 |
| Mencacci, N | 1 |
| Bhatia, KP | 4 |
| Kaminska, M | 1 |
| Tomlin, S | 1 |
| Lin, JP | 1 |
| Chanson, JB | 1 |
| Anheim, M | 1 |
| Lagha-Boukbiza, O | 1 |
| Fleury, M | 1 |
| Sellal, F | 1 |
| Tranchant, C | 1 |
| Appendino, JP | 1 |
| Soman, T | 1 |
| Rice, J | 1 |
| Waugh, MC | 1 |
| Kaji, R | 1 |
| Sato, K | 1 |
| Sako, W | 1 |
| Goto, S | 1 |
| Carranza-del Rio, J | 1 |
| Clegg, NJ | 1 |
| Moore, A | 1 |
| Delgado, MR | 1 |
| Damásio, J | 1 |
| Edwards, MJ | 1 |
| Alonso-Canovas, A | 1 |
| Schwingenschuh, P | 1 |
| Kägi, G | 1 |
| Grosso, S | 1 |
| Verrotti, A | 1 |
| Messina, M | 1 |
| Sacchini, M | 1 |
| Balestri, P | 1 |
| Shioya, A | 1 |
| Tomidokoro, Y | 1 |
| Ishii, K | 1 |
| Ishii, A | 1 |
| Tamaoka, A | 1 |
| Blackburn, JS | 1 |
| Cirillo, ML | 1 |
| Suzuki, K | 1 |
| Takano, M | 1 |
| Hashimoto, K | 1 |
| Numao, A | 1 |
| Nakamura, T | 1 |
| Sakuta, H | 1 |
| Hirata, K | 1 |
| Camargos, S | 1 |
| Lees, AJ | 2 |
| Singleton, A | 1 |
| Cardoso, F | 1 |
| Kachi, T | 1 |
| Verma, R | 1 |
| Misra, S | 1 |
| Singh, NN | 1 |
| Kishore, D | 1 |
| Bozi, M | 1 |
| Grosse, P | 1 |
| Edwards, M | 1 |
| Tijssen, MAJ | 1 |
| Schrag, A | 1 |
| Brown, P | 1 |
| Desarkar, P | 1 |
| Thakur, A | 1 |
| Sinha, VK | 1 |
| Sanger, TD | 1 |
| Bastian, A | 1 |
| Brunstrom, J | 1 |
| Damiano, D | 1 |
| Delgado, M | 1 |
| Dure, L | 1 |
| Gaebler-Spira, D | 1 |
| Hoon, A | 1 |
| Mink, JW | 1 |
| Sherman-Levine, S | 1 |
| Welty, LJ | 1 |
| Fahn, S | 6 |
| Girotti, F | 1 |
| Scigliano, G | 1 |
| Nardocci, N | 1 |
| Angelini, L | 1 |
| Broggi, G | 1 |
| Giovannini, P | 1 |
| Caraceni, T | 1 |
| Nutt, JG | 2 |
| Hammerstad, JP | 2 |
| Carter, JH | 1 |
| deGarmo, P | 2 |
| Carter, J | 1 |
| Hashimoto, T | 1 |
| Shindo, M | 1 |
| Yanagisawa, N | 3 |
| Hípola, D | 1 |
| Mateo, D | 2 |
| Giménez-Roldán, S | 2 |
| Corre, KA | 1 |
| Niemann, JT | 1 |
| Bessen, HA | 1 |
| Burke, RE | 2 |
| Vogels, OJ | 1 |
| Maassen, B | 1 |
| Rotteveel, JJ | 1 |
| Merx, JL | 1 |
| Krack, P | 1 |
| Marion, MH | 1 |
| Nakamura, S | 1 |
| Akiguchi, I | 1 |
| Molho, ES | 1 |
| Factor, SA | 2 |
| Podskalny, GD | 1 |
| Brown, D | 1 |
| Lagueny, A | 1 |
| Burbaud, P | 1 |
| Le Masson, G | 1 |
| Bergouignan, FX | 1 |
| Ferrer, X | 1 |
| Julien, J | 1 |
| Brans, JW | 2 |
| Lindeboom, R | 2 |
| Snoek, JW | 1 |
| Zwarts, MJ | 1 |
| van Weerden, TW | 1 |
| Brunt, ER | 1 |
| van Hilten, JJ | 1 |
| van der Kamp, W | 1 |
| Prins, MH | 1 |
| Speelman, JD | 2 |
| Jarman, PR | 1 |
| Bandmann, O | 1 |
| Marsden, CD | 3 |
| Wood, NW | 1 |
| Aramideh, M | 1 |
| Koelman, JH | 1 |
| Ongerboer de Visser, BW | 1 |
| Pidcock, FS | 2 |
| Hoon, AH | 2 |
| Johnston, MV | 2 |
| Chong, SA | 1 |
| Remington, G | 1 |
| Tan, CH | 1 |
| Mayer, F | 1 |
| Topka, H | 1 |
| Boose, A | 1 |
| Horstmann, T | 1 |
| Dickhuth, HH | 1 |
| Hayashi, Y | 1 |
| Ohyagi, Y | 1 |
| Inoue, I | 1 |
| Arakawa, K | 1 |
| Taniwaki, T | 1 |
| Nakagawa, M | 1 |
| Kuwabara, Y | 1 |
| Yamada, T | 1 |
| Kira, J | 1 |
| Freese, PO | 1 |
| Reinhardt, EM | 1 |
| Wilson, MA | 1 |
| Lawrie, WT | 1 |
| Harryman, SE | 1 |
| Löscher, W | 1 |
| Fredow, G | 1 |
| Lauterbach, EC | 1 |
| Spears, TE | 1 |
| Price, ST | 1 |
| Jabbari, B | 1 |
| Paul, J | 1 |
| Scherokman, B | 1 |
| Van Dam, B | 1 |
| Pueschel, SM | 1 |
| Friedman, JH | 1 |
| Shetty, T | 1 |
| Nygaard, TG | 1 |
| Burke, R | 1 |
| Stern, Y | 1 |
| Friedman, EH | 1 |
| Martín, M | 1 |
| Wolf, ME | 1 |
| Koller, WC | 1 |
| Lang, AE | 1 |
| Reddy, RV | 1 |
| Siemers, ER | 1 |
| Midgard, R | 1 |
| Aarli, JA | 1 |
| Julsrud, OJ | 1 |
| Odegaard, H | 1 |
| Sanchez-Ramos, J | 1 |
| Weiner, WJ | 1 |
| Ushiyama, M | 1 |
| Hanyu, N | 1 |
| Ikeda, S | 1 |
| Tanner, CM | 1 |
| Wilson, RS | 1 |
| Goetz, CG | 1 |
| Shannon, KM | 1 |
| Nomoto, M | 1 |
| Thompson, PD | 1 |
| Sheehy, MP | 1 |
| Quinn, NP | 1 |
| Samie, MR | 1 |
| Pettigrew, LC | 1 |
| Hirabayashi, S | 1 |
| Kanda, H | 1 |
| Tsuno, T | 1 |
| Akabane, T | 1 |
| Oguchi, K | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Targeting New Receptors in Dystonia: Electrophysiological and Neuroimaging Correlates of the Effect of Zolpidem, a Selective Agonist of Benzodiazepine Subtype Receptor alfa1, in Different Forms of Primary Focal Dystonia[NCT04692285] | Phase 1 | 24 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-09-30 | Completed | ||
| Combined Therapy With rTMS and Botulinum Toxin in Primary Cervical Dystonia[NCT02542839] | 9 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-11-30 | Completed | |||
| Comparison of Clinical and Kinematic Assessment in the Determination of Botox® Injection Parameters in Cervical Dystonia Patients[NCT02662530] | Phase 2 | 39 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-01-31 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
The Craniocervical Dystonia Questionnaire (CDQ-24) is a patient-rated health related quality of life (HR-QoL) measure for craniocervical dystonia. It is composed of 24 items, forming 5 subscales: stigma, emotional well-being, pain, activities of daily living, and social/ family life. Items are rated on a 5-point scale. Each item consists of five statements representing increasing severity of impairment, scored from 0 to 4. Subjects will be instructed to indicate how they have felt during the past two weeks because of dystonia by selecting one of the five statements for each item. The total score reported here can range from 0-96, with a higher score indicating a greater impact of dystonia on quality of life. (NCT02542839)
Timeframe: absolute value at 12 Weeks
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Real rTMS Stimulation | 16 |
| Sham rTMS Stimulation | 18 |
A clinical assessment of dystonia severity will be conducted at each study visit using the TWSTRS. The TWSTRS is a widely accepted composite rating scale for PCD with subscales for clinical severity, functional disability, and associated pain. The total score reported here can range 0-85, where a higher scores represent greater dystonia severity. (NCT02542839)
Timeframe: absolute value at 12 weeks
| Intervention | scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Real rTMS Stimulation | 13 |
| Sham rTMS Stimulation | 17 |
A measure of the cerebellar-brain inhibition(CBI) will be conducted using a TMS device determining the ability of the coil to activate the cerebellum. CBI is calculated by taking the mean of amplitudes of motor-evoked potentials (mV) in response to conditioned stimulation and dividing it by the mean of amplitudes of motor-evoked potentials (mV) in response to unconditioned stimulation (i.e., the control condition). Thus it is a measure of the degree of inhibition due to a conditioning stimulus, where <1 indicates inhibition, =1 indicates no inhibition, and >1 indicates not inhibition but excitation. As a ratio of amplitudes, it does not have units. (NCT02542839)
Timeframe: absolute value at 12 weeks
| Intervention | ratio (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Real rTMS Stimulation | 0.7 |
| Sham rTMS Stimulation | 0.9 |
11 reviews available for trihexyphenidyl and Dystonia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pharmacological and neurosurgical interventions for individuals with cerebral palsy and dystonia: a systematic review update and meta-analysis.
Topics: Baclofen; Botulinum Toxins; Cerebral Palsy; Clonidine; Deep Brain Stimulation; Dystonia; Humans; Inj | 2021 |
Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Dystonia; Female; Human | 2018 |
Treatment of dystonia.
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Dystonia; Humans; Neurosurgery; Quality of Life; Trihexyph | 2014 |
Treatment of dystonia.
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Dystonia; Humans; Neurosurgery; Quality of Life; Trihexyph | 2014 |
Treatment of dystonia.
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Dystonia; Humans; Neurosurgery; Quality of Life; Trihexyph | 2014 |
Treatment of dystonia.
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Dystonia; Humans; Neurosurgery; Quality of Life; Trihexyph | 2014 |
[Diagnosis and treatment of dystonia].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Corpus Striatum; Deep Brain Stimulation; Diagnosis, Different | 2008 |
The clinical syndrome of primary tic disorder associated with dystonia: a large clinical series and a review of the literature.
Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Aged; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Dystonia; | 2011 |
[Medical treatment of dystonia].
Topics: Cholinergic Antagonists; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Dopamine Antagonists; Dystonia; Humans; Levodopa; Tor | 2001 |
[Oral dyskinesis, facial dystonia].
Topics: Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Dystonia; Face; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Male; Meige Syndrome; Mouth; Mov | 1993 |
[A case of amoxapine-induced tardive dystonia successfully treated with a low dose anti-cholinergic agent].
Topics: Amoxapine; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Biperiden; Cholinergic Antagonists; Drug Therapy, Combi | 2000 |
Bipolar disorder in idiopathic dystonia: clinical features and possible neurobiology.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Clonazepam; Cyclothymic Disorder; Drug Therapy, Combination | 1992 |
Antimuscarinic drugs in the treatment of movement disorders.
Topics: Adult; Attention; Dystonia; Humans; Memory; Movement Disorders; Parasympatholytics; Parkinson Diseas | 1990 |
Delayed-onset dystonia associated with corticospinal tract dysfunction.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cerebral Infarction; Child; Dystonia; Hemiplegia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pyramidal | 1988 |
8 trials available for trihexyphenidyl and Dystonia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Gabapentin as Add-on Therapy to Trihexyphenidyl in Children with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Dystonia; Gabapentin; Humans; Trihexyphenidyl | 2023 |
Pilot study on trihexyphenidyl in the treatment of dystonia in children with cerebral palsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Dyston | 2009 |
Prospective open-label clinical trial of trihexyphenidyl in children with secondary dystonia due to cerebral palsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Protocols; Dystonia; Female; Humans; M | 2007 |
Meige syndrome: treatment with trihexyphenidyl.
Topics: Aged; Blepharospasm; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Dystonia; Eyelid Diseases; Femal | 1983 |
Cranial dystonia: double-blind crossover study of anticholinergics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Blepharospasm; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Dys | 1984 |
Double-blind evaluation of trihexyphenidyl in dystonia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Double-Blind Method; Drug Evaluation; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Trih | 1983 |
Botulinum toxin versus trihexyphenidyl in cervical dystonia: a prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Botulinum Toxins; Disability Evaluation; Double-Blind Method; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; | 1996 |
Electromyography in cervical dystonia: changes after botulinum and trihexyphenidyl.
Topics: Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Double-Blind Method; Dystonia; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Male; Mid | 1998 |
52 other studies available for trihexyphenidyl and Dystonia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Blockade of M4 muscarinic receptors on striatal cholinergic interneurons normalizes striatal dopamine release in a mouse model of TOR1A dystonia.
Topics: Animals; Cholinergic Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dys | 2022 |
Trihexyphenidyl in young children with dystonic cerebral palsy: A single arm study.
Topics: Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders; Humans; Infant; Motor Skills; | 2023 |
A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model to Investigate the Cell-Autonomous Effects of torsinA(ΔE) Expression in Striatal Output Neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dystonia; Electric Stimulation; | 2019 |
Trihexyphenidyl for treatment of dystonia in ataxia telangiectasia: a case report.
Topics: Ataxia Telangiectasia; Child; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders; Humans; Male; Mutation; Phenotype; Trihe | 2020 |
Chewing-induced facial dystonia: a rare presentation of task-specific dystonia.
Topics: Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders; Face; Facial Muscles; Female; Humans; Mastication; Middle Aged; Tetrab | 2017 |
Pharmacological management of abnormal tone and movement in cerebral palsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Baclofen; Botulinum Toxins; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child Health Services; Child, Prescho | 2019 |
Persistent chorea in DYT6, due to anticholinergic therapy.
Topics: Aged; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Cholinergic Antagonists; Chorea; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dystonia | 2015 |
Medication use in childhood dystonia.
Topics: Adolescent; Antiparkinson Agents; Baclofen; Child; Chloral Hydrate; Cohort Studies; Diazepam; Drug-R | 2016 |
[Severe generalized dystonia due to postradiotherapy cerebral calcifications].
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Basal Ganglia; Brain Neoplasms; Calcinosis; Child; Clonazepam; Craniopharyng | 2008 |
Correspondence on "Prospective open-label clinical trial of trihexyphenidyl in children with secondary dystonia due to cerebral palsy".
Topics: Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dystonia; Humans; Ker | 2008 |
Use of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Infant; | 2011 |
Management of status dystonicus in children. Cases report and review.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Baclofen; Brain; Case Management; Child; Cysts; Dystonia; Electr | 2012 |
[Case report: a case of anterocollis ameliorated by trihexyphenidyl].
Topics: Aged; Dystonia; Humans; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neck; Trihexyphenidyl | 2011 |
Clinical reasoning: A 13-year-old boy presenting with dystonia, myoclonus, and anxiety.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Anxiety; Diagnosis, Differential; Dystonia; Genetic Testing; Han | 2012 |
Computer mouse-related dystonia: a novel presentation of task-specific dystonia.
Topics: Aged; Clonazepam; Computers; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders; GABA Antagon | 2012 |
DYT16: the original cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Baclofen; Biperiden; | 2012 |
Patient with limb girdle dystrophy presenting with dopa-responsive dystonia--a case report.
Topics: Adolescent; Dopamine Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dystonia; Humans; Levodopa; Male; Muscular D | 2003 |
Paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia as a presenting feature of young-onset Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Antiparkinson Agents; Basal Ganglia; Diagnosis, Differential; Dopamine Plasma Me | 2003 |
Patterns of EMG-EMG coherence in limb dystonia.
Topics: Adult; Anterior Compartment Syndrome; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Anticonvulsants; Antiparkinson Agents; | 2004 |
Aripiprazole-induced acute dystonia.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Bipolar Disorder; Dystonia; Humans; M | 2006 |
High-dosage anticholinergic therapy in dystonia.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Parasympatholytics; | 1983 |
High dosage anticholinergic therapy in dystonia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Par | 1983 |
Idiopathic dystonia: neuropharmacological study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bromocriptine; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pimozide; Syndr | 1982 |
[Treatment of dystonia with high-dosage trihexyphenidyl].
Topics: Adult; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Trihexyphenidyl | 1984 |
Meige's syndrome: acute and chronic responses to clonazepan and anticholinergics.
Topics: Aged; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Benzodiazepinones; Clonazepam; Dystonia; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hu | 1984 |
Extended therapy for acute dystonic reactions.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Benztropine; Biperiden; Diphenhydramine; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Jaw; Male; | 1984 |
Focal dystonia and speech impairment responding to anticholinergic therapy.
Topics: Cerebral Infarction; Child; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Language Development Disorders; Language Tests | 1994 |
"Apraxia of lid opening," a focal eyelid dystonia: clinical study of 32 patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Apraxias; Blepharospasm; Botulinum Toxins; Dose-Response Relationshi | 1994 |
The effect of dancing on dystonia.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Bromocriptine; Clozapine; Dancing; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesi | 1996 |
Involvement of respiratory muscles in adult-onset dystonia: a clinical and electrophysiological study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Baclofen; Botulinum Toxins; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diaphragm; Dyst | 1995 |
GTP cyclohydrolase I mutations in patients with dystonia responsive to anticholinergic drugs.
Topics: Adult; Alleles; Base Sequence; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dystonia; Female; GTP Cyclohydrolase; Hetero | 1997 |
Trihexyphenidyl in posthemorrhagic dystonia: motor and language effects.
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administr | 1999 |
Risperidone treatment of tardive dyskinesia and dystonia.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Diazepam; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Co | 1999 |
Bilateral segmental dystonia in a professional tennis player.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Dystonia; Electromyography; Humans; Male; Tennis; Trihexyphenidyl; Vi | 1999 |
Age-dependent effects of trihexyphenidyl in extrapyramidal cerebral palsy.
Topics: Age Factors; Arm; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Infant; Linear | 2001 |
Effects of pharmacological manipulation of dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in genetically dystonic hamsters.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Carbidopa; Cricetinae; Dopamine; Drug Interac | 1992 |
Posttraumatic segmental axial dystonia.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Adult; Athletic Injuries; Dystonia; Encephalomalacia; Follow-Up Studies; Head Inju | 1992 |
Myoclonic dystonia.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Cerebellum; Diseases in Twins; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dystonia; Epilepsies, Myocl | 1992 |
Dopa-responsive dystonia: long-term treatment response and prognosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carbamazepine; Child; Child, Preschool; Depression; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disab | 1991 |
Treatment of tardive dystonia.
Topics: Auditory Perceptual Disorders; Dystonia; Hallucinations; Haloperidol; Humans; Infant; Ocular Motilit | 1990 |
Life-threatening cranial dystonia following trihexyphenidyl withdrawal.
Topics: Aged; Airway Obstruction; Blepharospasm; Deglutition Disorders; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Substance | 1989 |
Tardive dystonia: treatment with trihexyphenidyl.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Chorea; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Dystonia; Humans; Trihexyphenidyl | 1985 |
High dose anticholinergic therapy in adult dystonia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Benztropine; Drug Evaluation; Dystonia; Humans; Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic; Mi | 1986 |
Dystonia: therapy with high dosage anticholinergic medication.
Topics: Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dystonia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parasympatholytics; Phenot | 1987 |
Symptomatic hemidystonia of delayed onset. Magnetic resonance demonstration of pathology in the putamen and the caudate nucleus.
Topics: Adult; Atrophy; Basal Ganglia; Caudate Nucleus; Cerebral Infarction; Dystonia; Humans; Magnetic Reso | 1989 |
[A case of type III (adult) GM1-gangliosidosis that improved markedly with trihexyphenidyl].
Topics: Adult; Dystonia; Female; Gangliosidoses; Humans; Trihexyphenidyl | 1986 |
The predictive value of acute antimuscarinic drugs for the chronic efficacy of antimuscarinic drugs in adults with focal dystonia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dystonia; Female; Forecasting; Humans; Male; Memory; Middle Aged; Parasympatholytics; P | 1988 |
Anticholinergic-induced chorea in the treatment of focal dystonia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chorea; Drug Administration Schedule; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Trih | 1987 |
Sustained-release anticholinergics in dystonia: case report.
Topics: Delayed-Action Preparations; Dystonia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parasympatholytics; Trihexyphenidy | 1987 |
Hemidystonia: a report of 22 patients and a review of the literature.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Diseases; Brain Injuri | 1985 |
Pharmacokinetics of trihexyphenidyl after short-term and long-term administration to dystonic patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Dystonia; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Radioligand Assay; Ti | 1985 |
[Effects of high-dosage trihexyphenidyl on symptomatic dystonia in a case of Wilson disease].
Topics: Adolescent; Dysarthria; Dystonia; Hepatolenticular Degeneration; Humans; Male; Trihexyphenidyl | 1985 |