tretinoin and Hemolytic-Uremic-Syndrome

Topics: Animals; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Endothelium, Vascular; Epoprostenol; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome; Humans; Plasma Exchange; Prednisolone; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic; Tretinoin

A 37-year-old patient was transferred to Haematology from the ENT Emergency Department where he had been admitted due to tonsillitis. He displayed anaemia and leukopenia and had agranulocytosis in the study. A day later the patient had blast crisis, and was diagnosed with myeloid acute leukaemia. Due to blast crisis the patient experienced sudden back pain, with oliguria and renal function deterioration followed by anaemia, in the context of haemolysis consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy, and as such, we were consulted. We began treatment with plasmapheresis and on the following day we performed haemodialysis (we carried out a total of 12 sessions of plasmapheresis until haemolysis disappeared). Five days later there was respiratory failure, and the patient was consequently transferred to the Intensive Care Unit, where he continued treatment with plasmapheresis and haemodialysis. The patient remained anuric thereafter, requiring haemodialysis, with no sign of renal recovery. Once platelet levels normalised with haematology chemotherapy, a percutaneous renal biopsy was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of cortical necrosis. Finally, the patient underwent renal replacement therapy by regular haemodialysis.

Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Blast Crisis; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome; Humans; Idarubicin; Ischemia; Kidney; Kidney Cortex Necrosis; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; Male; Plasma; Plasmapheresis; Renal Dialysis; Respiratory Insufficiency; Tonsillitis; Tretinoin

Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Electrolytes; Female; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome; Humans; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Remission Induction; Syndrome; Thrombocytopenia; Treatment Outcome; Tretinoin