transforming-growth-factor-beta and Peri-Implantitis

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and dental implant biological complications.. All prospective, cross-sectional and retrospective studies reporting on dental implant loss/peri-implantitis/peri-implant marginal bone loss after loading in association with genetic polymorphism were considered for inclusion. A thorough search of electronic databases, supplemented by checking bibliographies of review articles was performed by two independent reviewers. Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted independently and in duplicate by two reviewers as part of the data extraction process.. The search provided 344 related articles. Twenty-two publications were identified for possible inclusion and finally, seven articles met the defined inclusion criteria. Four studies which investigated the potential relationship between early implant loss and IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α or TGF-β1 genotype revealed no evidence to support this association. In two of the three studies which evaluated peri-implantitis in relation to IL-1 genotype, the findings indicate that IL-1RN (intron 2), IL-1A (-899), IL-1B (+3954) gene polymorphisms were correlated to increased peri-implant tissue infection and destruction.. Methodological and study design issues restricted the possibility to draw robust conclusions. Within the limits of this review, it might be concluded that there is no obvious association between specific genetic polymorphism and dental implant failure in terms of biological complications, although a tendency should be underlined showing the potential link between IL-1 genotype and peri-implantitis. Well designed and adequately powered prospective cohort studies are needed to provide further information.

Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Dental Implants; Dental Restoration Failure; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-6; Peri-Implantitis; Polymorphism, Genetic; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The mRNA expression profiles of IL-23/Th17 and the Treg-associated cytokine TGF-β in peri-implantitis are currently under research. This study characterized the IL-17, IL-23, and TGF-β gene expression levels in healthy and diseased peri-implant tissues and correlated these data with radiographic bone loss.. Peri-implant soft tissues from 40 subjects (20 healthy controls with mean age of 59.4 ± 6.3, and 20 with peri-implantitis with mean age of 56.6 ± 5.5) were enrolled in this study, and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to define the profile of IL-17, IL-23, and TGF-β gene expression.. Higher levels of TGF-β mRNA were observed in biopsies taken from healthy controls, and the IL-23 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the peri-implantitis group (P < 0.0001). No differences in IL-17 mRNA levels were observed between the two groups (P > 0.05).. Data presented in this report demonstrated a predominant Th17 response in peri-implantitis subjects based on the higher levels of IL-23 and lower levels of TGF-β detected.

Topics: Biopsy; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-23; Male; Middle Aged; Peri-Implantitis; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Transforming Growth Factor beta

The aim was to compare the inflammatory response in peri-implant mucosa between patients with peri-implantitis (PP-group) and patients with healthy peri-implant tissues (HP-group).. Two fragments of peri-implant mucosa of 18 patients were collected and serial sections were performed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis.. When compared with HP-group, PP-group showed higher immunostained cell density for TGF-β, IL-17 and CD31, beyond greater density of red cells, leukocytes, mast cells chymase (MCC) and mast cell tryptase (MCT). HP-group patients showed higher IL-13 expression and increased amount of collagen fibres when compared with PP-group. In PP-group there was significant positive correlation between MCT density and density of blood vessels immunostained, and between MCC density and density of blood vessels immunostained. There was significant negative correlation between the IL-17 density and collagen percentage.. This study demonstrated that in patients with peri-implantitis there was higher of TGF-β and IL-17, indicating that these cytokines are directly involved in the inflammatory process. Thus, understanding the influence of cytokines in the peri-implantitis installation, new therapies could be developed in order to inhibit the synthesis of IL-17 and induce synthesis of IL-13 in peri-implant tissue, contributing to increase the longevity of the implant.

Topics: Blood Cell Count; Chymases; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-17; Male; Mast Cells; Middle Aged; Peri-Implantitis; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tryptases