transforming-growth-factor-beta and Migraine-Disorders

In the present study we aimed to investigate the effects of nano-curcumin supplementation on gene expression and serum levels of IL-4 and TGF-β in migraine patients.. Forty participants with episodic migraine were randomly allocated to receive 80 mg nano-curcumin (. Intra-group assays showed a significant rise in the gene expression of both IL-4 and TGF-β (. The findings of the present trial suggest that the treatment with nano-curcumin could induce significant levels of IL-4, in favour of anti-inflammatory effects, while has a minimal effects on the both gene expression and serum levels of TGF-β. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism of action of curcumin in patients with migraine.

Topics: Curcumin; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Interleukin-4; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Migraine Disorders; Transforming Growth Factor beta

The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of circulating micro RNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS).. We prospectively recruited 3 independent cohorts of patients with RCVS and age-matched and sex-matched controls in a single medical center. Next-generation small RNA sequencing followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify and validate differentially expressed miRNAs, which was cross-validated in migraine patients in ictal stage or interictal stage. Computational analysis was used to predict the target genes of miRNAs, followed by in vitro functional analysis.. We identified a panel of miRNAs including miR-130a-3p, miR-130b-3p, let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, and let-7f-5p that well differentiated patients with RCVS from controls (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUC] was 0.906, 0.890, and 0.867 in the 3 cohorts, respectively). The abundance of let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, and let-7f-5p, but not miR-130a-3p nor miR-130b-3p, was significantly higher in patients with ictal migraine compared with that of controls and patients with interictal migraine. Target prediction and pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and endothelin-1 responsible for vasomotor control might link these miRNAs to RCVS pathogenesis, which was confirmed in vitro by transfecting miRNAs mimics or incubating the patients' cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 3 different vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, miR-130a-3p was associated with imaging-proven disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in patients with RCVS and its overexpression led to reduced transendothelial electrical resistance (ie, increased permeability) in in vitro human BBB model.. We identified the circulating miRNA signatures associated with RCVS, which may be functionally linked to its headache, BBB integrity, and vasomotor function. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:459-473.

Topics: Adult; Blood-Brain Barrier; Capillary Permeability; Case-Control Studies; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Circulating MicroRNA; Computer Simulation; Electric Impedance; Endothelial Cells; Endothelin-1; Female; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; MicroRNAs; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; Reproducibility of Results; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Vasoconstriction; Vasomotor System

The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) is a newly developed screening tool that evaluates vestibular and ocular motor symptom (eg, headache, dizziness, nausea, fogginess) provocation after a sport-related concussion. Baseline data on the VOMS are needed to extend the application of this measure to broad age groups and to document normal variations in performance.. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the internal consistency of the VOMS in a large sample of healthy, nonconcussed collegiate athletes. The secondary purpose was to investigate the effects of patient sex and history of motion sickness, migraines, and concussions on baseline VOMS scores.. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.. A total of 263 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes (mean ± SD age, 19.85 ± 1.35 years) completed self-reported demographic and medical history at preseason physical examinations and baseline screening. Internal consistency of the VOMS was assessed with Cronbach α. A series of univariate nonparametric tests (χ(2) with odds ratios [ORs] and 95% CIs) were used to examine the associations among medical history risk factors and VOMS clinical cutoff scores (score of ≥2 for any individual VOMS symptom, near point of convergence [NPC] distance of ≥5 cm), with higher scores representing greater symptom provocation.. Internal consistency of the VOMS was high (Cronbach α = .97), and 89% of athletes scored below cutoff levels (ie, 11% false-positive rate). Female athletes (OR, 2.99 [95% CI, 1.34-6.70]; P = .006) and those with a personal history of motion sickness (OR, 7.73 [95% CI, 1.94-30.75]; P = .009) were more likely to have ≥1 VOMS scores above cutoff levels. No risk factors were associated with increased odds of an abnormal NPC distance.. The VOMS possesses internal consistency and an acceptable false-positive rate among healthy Division I collegiate student-athletes. Female sex and a history of motion sickness were risk factors for VOMS scores above clinical cutoff levels among healthy collegiate student-athletes. Results support a comprehensive baseline evaluation approach that includes an assessment of premorbid vestibular and oculomotor symptoms.

Topics: Adolescent; Athletes; Brain Concussion; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Migraine Disorders; Motion Sickness; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Students; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Young Adult

Migraine is characterized by the peripheral and central sensitization of pain perceptive neural systems, and neurogenic inflammation is a key step in the development of migraine headache. We focused on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), which is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine. To address the possibility of TGF-beta1 involvement in migraine, we investigated the plasma level of TGF-beta1 in patients with migraine headache during headache-free periods.. Sixty-eight subjects with migraine participated: 23 with migraine with aura (MWA) and 45 without aura (MWoA). We recruited 58 healthy subjects without headache as controls. In addition, we examined 12 subjects with episodic tension-type headache. Platelet poor plasma (PPP) was obtained from subjects during headache free-periods. TGF-beta1 levels in PPP were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.. The TGF-beta1 level in PPP was 2.62*+/- 0.23 (mean +/- SE) ng/mL in migraine, 2.08 +/- 0.20 ng/mL in tension-type headache, and 1.80 +/- 0.09 ng/mL in controls (P= .007, ANOVA; *P < .01, post hoc tests vs. the controls).. TGF-beta1 in PPP was significantly increased in patients with migraine during headache-free periods. TGF-beta1 may play some role in the development of migraine headache.

Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Male; Migraine Disorders; Migraine with Aura; Migraine without Aura; Tension-Type Headache; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Migraine is an episodic pain disorder whose pathophysiology is related to deficiency of serotonin signaling and abnormal function of the P/Q-type calcium channel, CACNA1A. Because the relationship of the CACNA1A channel to serotonin signaling is unknown and potentially of therapeutic interest we have used genetic analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of this calcium channel, UNC-2, to help identify candidate downstream effectors of the human channel. By genetic dissection of the lethargic mutant phenotype of unc-2, we have established an epistasis pathway showing that UNC-2 function antagonizes a transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta pathway influencing movement rate. This same UNC-2/TGF-beta pathway is required for accumulation of normal serotonin levels and stress-induced modulation of tryptophan hydroxylase (tph) expression in the serotonergic chemosensory ADF neurons, but not the NSM neurons. We also show that transgenic expression of the migraine-associated Ca2+ channel, CACNA1A, in unc-2 animals can functionally substitute for UNC-2 in stress-activated regulation of tph expression. The demonstration that these evolutionarily related channels share a conserved ability to modulate tph expression through their effects on TGF-beta signaling provides the first specific example of how CACNA1A function may influence levels of the critical migraine neurotransmitter serotonin.

Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Calcium Channels; Gene Expression Regulation; Membrane Proteins; Migraine Disorders; Mutation; Nervous System; Phenotype; Recovery of Function; Serotonin Antagonists; Signal Transduction; Sleep Stages; Stress, Physiological; Temperature; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transgenes; Tryptophan Hydroxylase