transforming-growth-factor-beta and Lymphedema

Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a treatment-related inflammatory complication in breast cancer survivors (BCSs). This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of synbiotic supplementation on serum concentrations of IL-10, TGF-β, VEGF, adiponectin, and edema volume among overweight or obese BCSs with lymphedema following a low-calorie diet (LCD).. In a randomized double-blind, controlled clinical trial, 88 obese and overweight BCSs women were randomized to synbiotic supplement (. There were no significant differences among participants in the baseline, except for IL-10 and adiponectin. Post-intervention, no significant differences were observed regarding the anti-inflammatory markers, including IL-10, VEGF, adiponectin, and TGF-β between the groups. After 10 weeks of intervention edema volume significantly decreased in the synbiotic group; additionally, anthropometric measurements (body weight, BMI, body fat percent, and WC) decreased in both groups significantly (. Synbiotic supplementation coupled with an LCD in a 10-week intervention had beneficial effects on increasing the serum TGF-β, IL-10, and adiponectin levels in women with BCRL. It also reduced arm lymphedema volume. Therefore, synbiotic supplementation can be effective in improving health status in BCRL patients.

Topics: Adiponectin; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biomarkers; Breast Neoplasms; Caloric Restriction; Cancer Survivors; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Female; Humans; Interleukin-10; Lymphedema; Obesity; Overweight; Synbiotics; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Topics: Axilla; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lymphedema; Transforming Growth Factor beta

Infection is the most common type of complication observed in lymphedema and is promoted by lymphatic system dysfunction, which causes locoregional immune disorders. Infectious complications are primarily bacterial and most commonly cellulitis (dermato-lymphangio-adenitis, DLA) caused by patients' own skin Staphylococci epidermidis and aureus. The clinical course and outcomes in the immune response to infection have been shown to be associated with genetic polymorphisms.. To investigate polymorphism of TNFα-308G>A, CCR2-190G>A, CD14-159C>T, TLR2 2029C>T, TLR4 1063A>G, TLR4 1363C>T, TGFβ 74G>C, and TGFβ 29T>C. The second part of study was the correlation of levels of TNFα and TGFβ with their genes polymorphism in one hundred patients with lower limb postdermatitis lymphedema.. (a) High percentage of TNFα homozygotes, no differences in genotypes of CD14-159C>T, CCR2-190G>A, TGFβ 74G>C, TGFβ 29T>C, and TLR4 1063A>G, low percentage of TLR2 2029C>T heterozygotes and homozygotes TT, and a high percentage of TLR4 1363C>T homozygotes TT, (b) low serum levels of TGFβ and TNFα in 19% and 43% of patients, respectively, however, lack of correlation between low levels of these cytokines and frequency of homozygotes CC and AA, respectively.. The practical implications of finding high frequency of genotype TT of TLR4 1363C>T are indications for testing this gene in patients with obstructive lymphedema of lower limbs and early antibiotic prophylaxis of recurrent attacks of DLA, and during elective surgery of lymphedema. The obtained data are also important as a contribution to mapping of genetic variations in acquired lymphedema of lower limbs.

Topics: Adult; Alleles; Case-Control Studies; Cellulitis; Female; Gene Expression; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Heterozygote; Homozygote; Humans; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Lower Extremity; Lymphadenitis; Lymphedema; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptors, CCR2; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Skin wound healing is an interactive process involving soluble mediators, ECM, resident cells, and infiltrating cells. Little is known about wound healing in the presence of lymphedema. In this study, we investigated wound healing using kCYC⁺/⁻ mice, which demonstrate severe lymphatic dysfunction. Wound healing was delayed significantly in kCYC⁺/⁻ mice when compared with WT mice. In wounded skin of kCYC⁺/⁻ mice, mast cell numbers were increased compared with WT mice, whereas macrophage numbers were decreased. Moreover, IL-10 expression by mast cells was increased, and expression of bFGF, mainly produced by macrophages, was decreased in wounded skin of kCYC⁺/⁻ mice compared with WT mice. We next crossed kCYC⁺/⁻ mice with IL-10⁻/⁻ mice, which were reported to show accelerated wound closure. In kCYC⁺/⁻ IL-10⁺/⁻ mice, time course of wound healing, numbers of macrophages, and IL-10 mRNA expression levels in wounded skin were comparable with WT IL-10⁺/⁻ mice. Similar results were obtained using a different lymphedema model, in which circumferential skin excision was performed on the tails of mice to remove the superficial lymphatics. In summary, these findings suggest that IL-10 plays an important role in delayed wound healing in the setting of lymphatic dysfunction.

Topics: Animals; Cyclins; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Interleukin-10; Lymphatic Vessels; Lymphedema; Macrophages; Male; Mast Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Skin; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Wound Healing

To observe the effects of microwave heating on skin fibrosis in chronic extremity lymphedema.. Skin specimens from 8 cases of chronic limb lymphedema were tested by in situ hybridization (ISH) combined with avidin-biotin peroxidase (ABC) immunohistochemistry for detection of TGF-beta, procollagen I, procollagen III mRNAs and corresponding peptides expressions.. It was discovered that expressions of TGF-beta 1 peptide were located at the spinous and granular layer of the epidermal cells with a great amount of dermal collagen I, III formation in accordance with high expressions of TGF-beta, procollagen I, procollagen III mRNAs in the dermal and subcutaneous tissue fibroblasts. After microwave heating treatment, the epidermal expression of TGF-beta 1 and relative TGF-beta, procollagen I, procollagen III mRNAs expressions in dermal fibroblasts were greatly reduced. The smaller calibre of collagen fibers after microwave heating was also observed.. It is indicated that fibrosis in lymphedema is resulted from overexpressions of relevant genes like TGF-beta and subsequent extracellular matrixes (ECM) syntheses and deposition. Microwave heating can reduce fibroblast expressions of TGF-beta, procollagen I, procollagen III mRNAs as well as TGF-beta peptide synthesis, inhibiting ECM syntheses and deposition and finally reverse the skin fibrosis process.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Extremities; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Lymphedema; Male; Microwaves; Middle Aged; Procollagen; RNA, Messenger; Skin; Transforming Growth Factor beta