transforming-growth-factor-beta and Jaw-Diseases

The number of studies investigating the immunohistochemical characteristics of glandular odontogenic cysts (GOCs) is limited, due to its rarity. TGF-beta has been suggested to induce podoplanin expression in some lesions. We aimed to evaluate and compare podoplanin and TGF-beta expression in GOC and other odontogenic cystic lesions.. A total of 43 samples including five GOCs, 10 dentigerous cysts (DCs), eight unicystic ameloblastoma (UAs), and 20 radicular cysts (RCs) were selected and subjected to immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies against podoplanin and TGF-beta. Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis along with Bonferroni for adjusting P-values (P < 0.05).. Podoplanin immunoreactivity was observed in 80%, 70%, and 100% of DCs, RCs, and UAs, respectively, while none of the GOCs were positive for this marker (P = 0.004). Significant differences were only found in the GOC specimens. TGF-beta positivity occurred in the capsule and epithelium of all GOCs and DCs, while RCs and UAs demonstrated different expression percentages in the capsular and epithelial tissues. Epithelial TGF-beta showed significant differences among the studied lesions (P = 0.007) with the main difference found between DCs with RCs and DCs with UAs.. Lack of podoplanin expression might be involved in the characteristic histologic and behavioral features of GOC, which seems to be unrelated to TGF-beta expression.

Topics: Ameloblastoma; Dentigerous Cyst; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Jaw Neoplasms; Membrane Glycoproteins; Odontogenic Cysts; Radicular Cyst; Transforming Growth Factor beta

The study included 15 patients with purulent inflammatory diseases of maxillofacial area and 25 patients with facial bone necrosis induced by synthetic drugs. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels in saliva and wound fluid were analyzed in two groups. The results proved cytokines to play important role in jaw necrosis induced by drugs containing red phosphorus.

Topics: Adult; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Interleukin-10; Jaw Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Morphine Derivatives; Osteonecrosis; Saliva; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult

Peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL) is a reactive process associated with a local irritating factor that shows low recurrence after treatment, especially if the irritating factor is eliminated. On the other hand, central giant cell lesion (CGCL) presents a variable clinical behavior ranging from slow and asymptomatic growth without recurrence to rapid, painful and recurrent growth. Our aim was to compare the immunoexpression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in CGCL and PGCL.. Twenty CGCL and 20 PGCL were selected for analysis of the immunoexpression of TNF-α and TGF-β in multinucleated giant cells (MGC) and mononucleated cells (MC).. The PGCL showed lightly higher expression of TNF-α than CGCL. In comparison with PGCL, the CGCL showed higher expression of TGF-β in MC and MGC (P < 0.05) and in total cells (P < 0.05). Significant positive correlation was found between expressions of TGF-β and TNF-α in CGCL (P < 0.05).. Our results suggest that, in CGCL, coordinated interactions between TGF-β and TNF-α may be important for osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. PGCL occasionally cause bone resorption but to a lower extent, a fact that might be explained by the lower expression of TGF-β in these lesions.

Topics: Bone Resorption; Giant Cells; Granuloma, Giant Cell; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Osteoclasts; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Bisphosphonates are a class of agents used for treating osteoporosis and malignant bone metastases treatment. Osteonecrosis of the jaws is the main complication in a subset of patients receiving these drugs. Based on a growing number of case reports and institutional reviews, bisphosphonate therapy can cause exposed and necrotic bone that is isolated to the jaw. This clinical investigation is aimed at analyzing the clinical effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (rhBMP-2) application in patients affected by bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaws undergoing surgery for necrotic bone removal.A case review was made of 20 patients. The rhBMP-2 in all the cases reported here was used alone with the collagen carrier without concomitant bone materials. The cases involved osteonecrotic lesions of the upper and lower jaws. A total dose of 4 to 8 mg of rhBMP-2 was delivered to the surgical site in concentrations of 1.5 mg/mL (depending on the size of lesion). Patients were followed up over a period ranging 6 to 12 months.Patients had successful healing of the necrotic area. New bone formation in the surgical area could be clinically evaluated by palpation at the end of 3 to 4 months and confirmed by radiographic examination at the end of 12 months.This study indicated that the use of rhBMP-2 without concomitant bone grafting materials was useful in promoting healing of bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. The use of growth factors, particularly rhBMP-2, should be considered a therapeutic choice in patients affected by osteonecrosis of the jaws related to bisphosphonate therapy.

Topics: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Combined Modality Therapy; Diphosphonates; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Osteonecrosis; Osteoporosis; Pain Management; Postoperative Complications; Recombinant Proteins; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing

A growth factor known as Bone Morphogenic Protein has through recombinant technology been made available to dentists as a "bone-less" bone graft. This recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 is placed on an absorbable collagen sponge carrier and delivered to a site of bone deficiency. This material will induce new osteoblasts to form from mesenchymal stem cells in the surrounding recipient site. This eliminates the need for an autogenous bone graft and its inherent surgical morbidity. The new bone formed is of the same quality and quantity as that produced by autogenous grafting. Dentists should be familiar with alternative techniques of bone grafting in contemporary practice.

Topics: Absorbable Implants; Animals; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Bone Regeneration; Collagen; Drug Carriers; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Osteogenesis; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Recombinant Proteins; Transforming Growth Factor beta