transforming-growth-factor-beta and Jaw--Edentulous

The purpose of this case study was to analyze the tissue formed in a maxillary sinus, 6 and 12 months after grafting with recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) linked to a collagen carrier of bovine origin.. A 49-year-old woman referred for bilateral sinus floor elevation, was grafted with an OP-1 device. After 6 months, a biopsy was taken from one of the grafted areas. After 12 months, during implant placement, 5 biopsies were taken from the grafted area and the maxillary host bone. Biopsies were processed without decalcification for histological analyses.. The biopsy taken after 6 months contained newly formed bone, fibrotic tissue and device remnants. After 12 months, however, bone was absent from all biopsies which were taken from the grafted area, while particles of the collagen carrier were still abundant. Inflammatory cells were observed between remnants of the collagen carrier in the grafted area.. This study indicates that an onset of new bone formation, which was observed after 6 months, did not persist. 12 months after grafting no bone was present in the biopsies from the grafted area, while the collagen carrier had remained. Lack of mechanical loading, as a result of postponing implant placement from 6 to 12 months, may have resulted in resorption of the emerging bone which was present 6 months after grafting.

Topics: Biopsy; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Bone Transplantation; Collagen; Drug Carriers; Female; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous; Maxilla; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic; Recombinant Proteins; Time Factors; Transforming Growth Factor beta

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on vertical bone regeneration of edentulous ridge. Bilateral upper first and second molars of 8-week-old Wistar rats were extracted and the ridges were allowed to heal for 3 weeks. Compressed poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer/gelatin sponge (PGS) was used as a carrier of rhBMP-2. PGS alone (control group) or PGS with 5 mug rhBMP-2 (test group) was implanted at the top part of alveolar ridge. The sham group received no implantation. The rats were killed at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after implantation and examined histologically and histomorphometrically. In the test group, significant bone augmentation was evident on the alveolar ridge throughout the experimental period. Histomorphometric analysis revealed greater tissue volume and height of alveolar bone in the test group compared with the control and sham groups (P < 0.05) from 4 weeks onward and the augmented tissues (5 mm3 in tissue volume and 1.5 mm in bone height) were maintained until 12 weeks. Osteoblast surface increased at 2 and 4 weeks and osteoid thickness reached a peak (25 microm) at 2 weeks. Dynamic variables, which represented calcification, were higher in the test group than the control and sham groups at 4 and 8 weeks (P < 0.05). These results suggest that use of rhBMP-2/PGS may achieve vertical bone augmentation, and stabilizes denture prosthesis or makes up for inadequate bone mass for implant prosthesis.

Topics: Alveolar Process; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Bone Regeneration; Bone Substitutes; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable; Jaw, Edentulous; Lactic Acid; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Osteoblasts; Polyglycolic Acid; Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; Polymers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recombinant Proteins; Transforming Growth Factor beta

Reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla is a difficult task. The gold standard for such reconstruction is autogenous bone. Presently, many excellent products are available to the dental surgeon to facilitate alveolar reconstruction in the absence of autogenous bone. This study describes the use of bone morphogenic protein in combination with allogenic bone substitute (Puros) to reconstruct the maxilla in preparation for dental implant placement.

Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Bone Regeneration; Bone Substitutes; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Female; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic; Recombinant Proteins; Transforming Growth Factor beta