transforming-growth-factor-beta and Dyspnea

Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Dyspnea; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Indoles; Lung; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Prognosis; Pyridones; Risk Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Transforming Growth Factor beta

The myelodysplastic syndromes are a heterogeneous group of clonal diseases of haemopoiesis, which are a challenge for both biologists and clinicians. In this paper the current classification and the recent advances in the understanding the disease mechanisms are reviewed. The recent therapeutic advances are also indicated, such as intensive and low-dose chemotherapy, new drugs, erythropoietin and colony-stimulating factors. However, the work has been focused on thalidomide, its therapeutic potential, its modes of actions, side effects, indications and future applications.

Topics: Anemia, Refractory; Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts; Antineoplastic Agents; Chromosome Aberrations; Constipation; Cytokines; Dyspnea; Fatigue; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Thalidomide; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha