toluene has been researched along with Microcephaly in 5 studies
methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.
Microcephaly: A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "They had microcephaly, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, seizures, growth failure and minor craniofacial anomalies, variable growth deficiency including a small midface, narrow bifrontal diameter, low-set ears, thin upper lips and micrognathia." | 5.30 | [Two cases of toluene embryopathy with severe motor and intellectual disabilities syndrome]. ( Aida, N; Arai, H; Hara, M; Iwamoto, H; Miyake, S; Yamada, M; Yamashita, S, 1997) |
| "To determine if maternal toluene abuse produces any structural or developmental disabilities in the developing fetus, a cohort of toluene-exposed infants was ascertained and examined." | 4.79 | Toluene embryopathy: delineation of the phenotype and comparison with fetal alcohol syndrome. ( Hoyme, HE; Pearson, MA; Rimsza, ME; Seaver, LH, 1994) |
| "Toluene embryopathy is characterised by microcephaly, central nervous system dysfunction, attentional deficits and hyperactivity, developmental delay with greater language deficits, minor craniofacial and limb anomalies, and variable growth deficiency." | 3.67 | Toluene embryopathy: two new cases. ( Hersh, JH, 1989) |
| "Three children with microcephaly, central nervous system dysfunction, minor craniofacial and limb anomalies, and variable growth deficiency were born to women who inhaled large quantities of pure toluene throughout pregnancy." | 3.67 | Toluene embryopathy. ( Hersh, JH; Podruch, PE; Rogers, G; Weisskopf, B, 1985) |
| "They had microcephaly, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, seizures, growth failure and minor craniofacial anomalies, variable growth deficiency including a small midface, narrow bifrontal diameter, low-set ears, thin upper lips and micrognathia." | 1.30 | [Two cases of toluene embryopathy with severe motor and intellectual disabilities syndrome]. ( Aida, N; Arai, H; Hara, M; Iwamoto, H; Miyake, S; Yamada, M; Yamashita, S, 1997) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 2 (40.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (60.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Pearson, MA | 1 |
| Hoyme, HE | 1 |
| Seaver, LH | 1 |
| Rimsza, ME | 1 |
| Arnold, GL | 1 |
| Kirby, RS | 1 |
| Langendoerfer, S | 1 |
| Wilkins-Haug, L | 1 |
| Arai, H | 1 |
| Yamada, M | 1 |
| Miyake, S | 1 |
| Yamashita, S | 1 |
| Iwamoto, H | 1 |
| Aida, N | 1 |
| Hara, M | 1 |
| Hersh, JH | 2 |
| Podruch, PE | 1 |
| Rogers, G | 1 |
| Weisskopf, B | 1 |
1 review available for toluene and Microcephaly
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Toluene embryopathy: delineation of the phenotype and comparison with fetal alcohol syndrome.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adolescent; Adult; Developmental Disabilities; Embryo, Mammalian; Ethan | 1994 |
4 other studies available for toluene and Microcephaly
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Toluene embryopathy: clinical delineation and developmental follow-up.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Developmental Disabilities; Embryo, Mammalian; Face; Female; Follow-Up | 1994 |
[Two cases of toluene embryopathy with severe motor and intellectual disabilities syndrome].
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Female; Humans; Infa | 1997 |
Toluene embryopathy: two new cases.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Child, Preschool; Developmental Disabilities; Female; Humans; In | 1989 |
Toluene embryopathy.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Child, Preschool; Environmental Pollution; Female; Growth Disorders; Hu | 1985 |