Page last updated: 2024-08-22

titanium and Smear Layer

titanium has been researched along with Smear Layer in 116 studies

Research

Studies (116)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	9 (7.76)	18.2507
2000's	59 (50.86)	29.6817
2010's	47 (40.52)	24.3611
2020's	1 (0.86)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Yang, X; Yang, XH	1
Duarte, MAH; Honório, HM; Peralta-Mamani, M; Rios, D; Santiago Junior, JF	1
Kar, PP; Khasnis, SA; Kidiyoor, KH	1
Baxter, S; Beck, F; Hülsmann, M	1
Landwehr, DJ	1
Haapasalo, M; Lin, J; Shen, Y	1
Beltrami, R; Chiesa, M; Colombo, M; Dagna, A; Poggio, C; Scribante, A	1
Alves, H; De-Deus, G; Fidel, S; Lopes, RT; Marins, J; Neves, Ade A; Paciornik, S; Reis, C; Versiani, MA	1
Belladonna, FG; de Almeida Neves, A; De-Deus, GA; Moreira, EJ; Nogueira Leal Silva, EJ; Tameirão, M	1
Chakrapani, N; Dash, S; Kalepu, V; Kallepalli, S; Reddy, KB; Vallikanthan, S	1
Amezcua, O; Cruz, A; Gascón, G; Mercado, G; Palafox-Sánchez, CA; Vera, J	1
Abu-Tahun, I; Al-Rabab'ah, MA; Hammad, M; Khraisat, A	1
Akcay, M; Arslan, H; Capar, ID; Ertas, H	1
Fariniuk, LF; Kirchhoff, AL; Mello, I	1
Belladonna, FG; De-Deus, G; Lopes, RT; Machado, AS; Marins, J; Neves, AA; Paciornik, S; Reis, C; Silva, EJ; Souza, E; Versiani, MA	1
Celikten, B; Demiralp, KÖ; Kursun, S; Orhan, AI; Orhan, K; Tufenkci, P; Uzuntas, CF	1
Chen, M; Lu, Y; Qiao, F; Wu, L	1
Deutsch, AS	1
Ahmed, HM; Bukiet, F; Cohen, S; Grande, NM; Plotino, G	1
Koren, T; Tsesis, I; Wigler, R	1
Darcey, J; Hunter, M; Jawad, S; Roudsari, RV; Taylor, C	1
Böttcher, DE; Grecca, FS; Hoppe, CB; Justo, AM; Só, MV	1
Girish Babu, KL; Subramaniam, P; Tabrez, TA	1
Lutfy, RA; Sabet, NE	1
Aguiar, CM; Câmara, AC	1
Justman, BC; Sandor, AJ; Williamson, AE	1
Buchanan, LS	1
Abdolrahimi, M; Kamarroosta, Z; Rahimi, S; Reyhani, MF; Shahi, S; Yavari, HR	1
Estrela, C; Guedes, DF; Pécora, JD; Silva, RG; Sousa-Neto, MD; Spanó, JC	1
Attin, T; Magalhães, AC; Sener, B; Waldheim, E; Wiegand, A	1
Javidi, M; Moradi, S; Naghavi, N; Rohani, E	1
Economides, N; Gogos, C; Helvatjoglu-Antoniades, M; Kokorikos, I; Kolokouris, I	1
Messer, HH; Ozawa, T; Taha, N	1
Elmsallati, EA; Suda, H; Wadachi, R	1
Marchionni, S; Montebugnoli, L; Pelliccioni, GA; Piana, G; Pirani, C; Prati, C	1
Forghani, M; Ghoddusi, J; Moradi, S	1
Kakavetsos, VD; Kontakiotis, EG; Tzanetakis, GN	1
Fitz-Walter, P; Moore, J; Parashos, P	1
Arruda, MP; Carvalho Junior, JR; Miranda, CE; Paschoalato, C; Silva, SR	1
Floratos, S; Hsu, YK; Iqbal, MK; Karabucak, B	1
Ebert, J; Fillery, E; Frankenberger, R; Friedman, S; Legner, M; Roggendorf, MJ	1
Afshar, S; Dadresanfar, B; Khalilak, Z; Shiekholeslami, M	1
Farea, M; Masudi, S; Wan Bakar, WZ	1
Fornari, VJ; Pécora, JD; Silva-Sousa, YT; Sousa-Neto, MD; Vanni, JR; Versiani, MA	1
Barino, B; De-Deus, G; Fidel, RA; Fidel, S; Fonseca, A; Souza, E; Zamolyi, RQ	1
Arciola, CR; Bianchi, S; Chiesa, M; Dagna, A; Giardino, L; Poggio, C; Visai, L	1
Hülsmann, M; Nordmeyer, S; Schnell, V	1
Bürklein, S; Hiller, C; Huda, M; Schäfer, E	1
Kirkpatrick, TC; Rutledge, RE; Wealleans, JA	1
Alvarez Serrano, S; Hernandez, SR; Pameijer, CH; Zmener, O	1
Araujo, G; Bincelli, I; Bueno, C; Cunha, R; Pinheiro, SL	1
Almeida, BM; Alves, FR; Neves, MA; Rôças, IN; Siqueira, JF; Zoffoli, J	1
Canullo, L; Iannello, G; Micarelli, C	1
Foda, MY; Ghoneim, AG; Hashem, AA; Lutfy, RA; Omar, GA	1
Cruz, AG; Fernández, N; Flores, B; Loghin, S; Ricucci, D; Siqueira, JF; Vera, J	1
Carmo, FL; Ferreira, DC; Leite, DC; Paiva, SS; Rachid, CT; Rôças, IN; Rosado, AS; Siqueira, JF	2
Carmo, FL; Curvelo, JA; Ferreira, DC; Paiva, SS; Rôças, IN; Rosado, AS; Siqueira, JF; Soares, RM	1
Johnson, M; Lindsey, K; Looney, SW; Niu, LN; Sidow, SJ; Tay, FR	1
Curtis, TO; Sedgley, CM	1
Asgar, K; Garcia-Godoy, F; Gutmann, JL; Karamifar, K; Lotfi, M; Mehrvazfar, P; Saghiri, MA	1
Celik, D; Er, K; Taşdemir, T	1
Lima, KC; Rôças, IN; Siqueira, JF	1
Belli, S; Cobankara, FK; Ungör, M	1
Lohmann, D; Schäfer, E	1
Barnett, F; Rollison, S; Stevens, RH	1
Hülsmann, M; Mühge, M; Rödig, T; Schäfers, F	1
Ruddle, CJ	1
Schäfer, E; Schlingemann, R	1
Babagoli, J; Bozhilov, K; Cho, Y; Johnson, WB; Khademi, AA; Kim, J; Shabahang, S; Torabinejad, M	1
Clark-Holke, D; Drake, D; Guthmiller, JM; Rivera, E; Walton, R	1
Gressmann, G; Hülsmann, M; Schäfers, F	1
Economides, N; Gogos, C; Kolokouris, I; Papadoyannis, I; Stavrianos, C	1
Dalat, D; Sevimay, S	1
Jeon, IS; Kazemi, RB; Kum, KY; Spångberg, LS; Yoon, TC	1
Baratto-Filho, F; da Cruz-Filho, AM; de Sousa-Neto, MD; Fariniuk, LF	1
Herbst, U; Hülsmann, M; Schäfers, F	1
Foschi, F; Marchionni, S; Montebugnoli, L; Nucci, C; Prati, C	1
Karadag, LS; Mihçioğlu, T; Tinaz, AC	1
Schäfer, E; Vlassis, M	1
Adanr, N; Belli, S; Cobankara, FK	1
Miller, RJ	1
Breschi, L; Foschi, F; Malagnino, VA; Marchionni, S; Montebugnoli, L; Nucci, C; Prati, C	1
Hülsmann, M; Musch, U; Paqué, F	1
De Bruyne, MA; De Moor, RJ; Depraet, FJ	1
Jahanbin, A; Khayat, A	1
Hülsmann, M; Jodway, B	1
Dammaschke, T; Erler, M; Schäfer, E	1
Cha, BY; Kazemi, RB; Kum, KY; Zhu, Q	1
Ebrahim, AK; Elmsallati, EA; Suda, H; Wadachi, R	1
Ferreira, RB; Marchesan, MA; Passarinho-Neto, JG; Silva, RG; Silva-Sousa, YT; Sousa-Neto, MD	1
Bian, Z; Cheung, GS; Fan, B; Fan, MW; Fu, Q; Gutmann, JL; Liu, SB; Peng, B; Song, YL	1
Javaheri, GH; Javaheri, HH	1
Bidar, M; Ghaziani, P; Rahimi, S; Shahi, S; Zand, V	1
Hülsmann, M; Kahlmeier, C; Rödig, T	1
Brown, CE; James, BL; Legan, JJ; Moore, BK; Vail, MM	1
Akpinar, KE; Er, K; Kuştarci, A	1
Aydin, C; Bulucu, B; Inan, U; Tunca, YM; Yasar, S	1
Arrastia, AM; Berns, MW; Liaw, LH; Machida, T; Wilder-Smith, P	1
Horner, JA; Pashley, DH; Sharawy, MM; Tewfik, HM	1
Faus, V; Glickman, GN; Pallarés, A	1
Büyükyilmaz, T; Sen, BH	1
Kazemi, RB; Sen, BH; Spångberg, LS	2
Beltes, P; Economides, N; Kolokuris, I; Liolios, E	1
Bertrand, MF; Médioni, E; Muller, M; Pizzardini, P; Rocca, JP	1
Gambarini, G	1
Barbakow, F; Peters, OA	1
Dumsha, TC; Fagundes, DK; McDonald, NJ; von Fraunhofer, JA	1
Cadenaro, M; Di Lenarda, R; Sbaizero, O	1
Schäfer, E; Zapke, K	1
Ferraz, CC; Gomes, BP; Gomes, NV; Souza-Filho, FJ; Teixeira, FB; Zaia, AA	1
Ahlquist, M; Henningsson, O; Hultenby, K; Ohlin, J	1
Hülsmann, M; Schade, M; Schäfers, F	1
Hülsmann, M; Schäfers, F; Versümer, J	1
Balleri, P; Ferrari, M; Grandini, S	1

Reviews

3 review(s) available for titanium and Smear Layer

Article	Year
Manual vs. rotary instrumentation in endodontic treatment of permanent teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American journal of dentistry, 2019, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2019
Current Assessment of Reciprocation in Endodontic Preparation: A Comprehensive Review--Part II: Properties and Effectiveness. Journal of endodontics, 2015, Volume: 41, Issue:12 Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stress, Mechanical; Titanium	2015
Nickel-titanium rotary systems: review of existing instruments and geometries. Dentistry today, 2000, Volume: 19, Issue:10 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Terminology as Topic; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Torque	2000

Trials

23 trial(s) available for titanium and Smear Layer

Article	Year
A comparative study of biofilm removal with hand, rotary nickel-titanium, and self-adjusting file instrumentation using a novel in vitro biofilm model. Journal of endodontics, 2013, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Bicuspid; Biofilms; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Therapeutic Irrigation; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2013
A comparative scanning electron microscopic study of the effect of three different rotary instruments on smear layer formation. Journal of oral science, 2009, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Single-Blind Method; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2009
Atomic absorption spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy evaluation of concentration of calcium ions and smear layer removal with root canal chelators. Journal of endodontics, 2009, Volume: 35, Issue:5 Topics: Acetic Acid; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Citrates; Citric Acid; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Humans; Incisor; Malates; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Citrate; Sodium Hypochlorite; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Titanium	2009
A comparison of techniques for obturating oval-shaped root canals. Dental materials journal, 2009, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Azo Compounds; Coloring Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Naphthalenes; Nickel; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Surface Properties; Titanium	2009
Effectiveness of three different retreatment techniques in canals filled with compacted gutta-percha or Thermafil: a scanning electron microscope study. Journal of endodontics, 2009, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Equipment Design; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Retreatment; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy	2009
Evaluation of dentinal tubule penetration after the use of dentin bonding agent as a root canal sealer. Journal of endodontics, 2009, Volume: 35, Issue:11 Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Bismuth; Dental Bonding; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Surface Properties; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2009
Comparative study of the sealing ability of the lateral condensation technique and the BeeFill system after canal preparation by the Mtwo NiTi rotary system. Journal of oral science, 2010, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Bismuth; Carbon; Coloring Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Epoxy Resins; Equipment Design; Gutta-Percha; Hot Temperature; Humans; Materials Testing; Nickel; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2010
Apical microleakage evaluation of system B compared with cold lateral technique: In vitro study. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2010, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Bismuth; Coloring Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Glass Ionomer Cements; Gutta-Percha; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Materials Testing; Methylene Blue; Nickel; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Temperature; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2010
Histological evaluation of the effectiveness of increased apical enlargement for cleaning the apical third of curved canals. International endodontic journal, 2010, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental High-Speed Equipment; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Materials Testing; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2010
Suboptimal debridement quality produced by the single-file F2 ProTaper technique in oval-shaped canals. Journal of endodontics, 2010, Volume: 36, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; Debridement; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Incisor; Materials Testing; Nickel; Prospective Studies; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Software; Titanium	2010
Evaluation of cleaning capacity and instrumentation time of manual, hybrid and rotary instrumentation techniques in primary molars. International endodontic journal, 2012, Volume: 45, Issue:4 Topics: Bacterial Load; Carbamide Peroxide; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Enterococcus faecalis; Equipment Design; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Peroxides; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth, Deciduous; Urea	2012
One- versus two-visit endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis: a histobacteriologic study. Journal of endodontics, 2012, Volume: 38, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Bacterial Load; Biofilms; Calcium Hydroxide; Chlorhexidine; Dental Alloys; Dental High-Speed Equipment; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentin; Equipment Design; Female; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Male; Methylmethacrylates; Middle Aged; Nickel; Periapical Periodontitis; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Therapy; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement	2012
Canal and isthmus debridement efficacy using a sonic irrigation technique in a closed-canal system. Journal of endodontics, 2012, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Collagen; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Materials Testing; Molar; Needles; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Sonication; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Tooth Apex; X-Ray Microtomography	2012
Comparison of a continuous ultrasonic irrigation device and conventional needle irrigation in the removal of root canal debris. Journal of endodontics, 2012, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Materials Testing; Needles; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Ultrasonics	2012
The efficacy of foam cleaners in removing debris from two endodontic instruments. Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985), 2012, Volume: 43, Issue:9 Topics: Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Detergents; Equipment Contamination; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Lactic Acid; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanostructures; Nickel; Polyesters; Polymers; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium	2012
The effect of two different root canal sealers and smear layer on resistance to root fracture. Journal of endodontics, 2002, Volume: 28, Issue:8 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Bismuth; Cuspid; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Stress Analysis; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Humidity; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics as Topic; Stress, Mechanical; Temperature; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Fractures; Tooth Root	2002
A new solution for the removal of the smear layer. Journal of endodontics, 2003, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Chelating Agents; Citric Acid; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Detergents; Doxycycline; Edetic Acid; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Polysorbates; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics as Topic; Titanium; Water	2003
Bacterial penetration through canals of endodontically treated teeth in the presence or absence of the smear layer. Journal of dentistry, 2003, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Bismuth; Campylobacter; Chelating Agents; Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Peptostreptococcus; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Therapy; Silver; Smear Layer; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Tooth, Nonvital	2003
A comparative study of root canal preparation with NiTi-TEE and K3 rotary Ni-Ti instruments. International endodontic journal, 2006, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2006
Comparison of root canal preparation with two rotary NiTi instruments: ProFile .04 and GT Rotary. International endodontic journal, 2007, Volume: 40, Issue:7 Topics: Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Safety; Smear Layer; Time Factors; Titanium	2007
Permeability changes of dentine treated with titanium tetrafluoride. Journal of dentistry, 1999, Volume: 27, Issue:7 Topics: Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride; Analysis of Variance; Cariostatic Agents; Chelating Agents; Citric Acid; Dentin; Dentin Permeability; Fluorides; Humans; Molar; Smear Layer; Sodium Fluoride; Titanium; Water	1999
A comparative scanning electron microscopic investigation of the efficacy of manual and automated instrumentation of root canals. Journal of endodontics, 2000, Volume: 26, Issue:11 Topics: Automation; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Torque	2000
Evaluation of Glyde File Prep in combination with sodium hypochlorite as a root canal irrigant. Journal of endodontics, 2002, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Chelating Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Disinfectants; Edetic Acid; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Paper; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Single-Blind Method; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2002

Other Studies

90 other study(ies) available for titanium and Smear Layer

Article	Year
[Comparison of the clinical value of three reciprocating single nickel-titanium instruments in preparation of simulated curved root canals]. Shanghai kou qiang yi xue = Shanghai journal of stomatology, 2021, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2021
Comparative Evaluation of Cleaning Efficacy using Four Novel Nickel-titanium Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2017, Dec-01, Volume: 18, Issue:12 Topics: Dental Instruments; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2017
Root canal preparation using S5, Mtwo, and ProTaper Universal nickel-titanium systems: a comparative ex-vivo study. Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985), 2019, Volume: 50, Issue:5 Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Therapy; Smear Layer; Titanium	2019
Root canal shaping using a reciprocating file system. Dentistry today, 2013, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dentin; Equipment Design; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nickel; Pulpitis; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Surface Properties; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Tooth Fractures; Young Adult	2013
Effects of NiTi rotary and reciprocating instruments on debris and smear layer scores: an SEM evaluation. Journal of applied biomaterials & functional materials, 2014, Dec-30, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Titanium; Treatment Outcome	2014
Assessing accumulated hard-tissue debris using micro-computed tomography and free software for image processing and analysis. Journal of endodontics, 2014, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Software; Titanium; Water; X-Ray Microtomography	2014
Assessment of apically extruded debris produced by the self-adjusting file system. Journal of endodontics, 2014, Volume: 40, Issue:4 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Random Allocation; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2014
A comparative evaluation of cleaning efficacy (debris and smear layer removal) of hand and two NiTi rotary instrumentation systems (K3 and ProTaper): a SEM study. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2013, Nov-01, Volume: 14, Issue:6 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2013
Debris remaining in the apical third of root canals after chemomechanical preparation by using sodium hypochlorite and glyde: an in vivo study. Journal of endodontics, 2014, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dogs; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Male; Needles; Nickel; Ointments; Random Allocation; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Solutions; Suction; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2014
Technical quality of root canal treatment of posterior teeth after rotary or hand preparation by fifth year undergraduate students, The University of Jordan. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2014, Volume: 40, Issue:3 Topics: Clinical Competence; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Education, Dental; Endodontics; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Radiography, Bitewing; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Therapy; Rotation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Students, Dental; Titanium	2014
An in vitro comparison of apically extruded debris and instrumentation times with ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, Twisted File Adaptive, and HyFlex instruments. Journal of endodontics, 2014, Volume: 40, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Materials Testing; Middle Aged; Nickel; Periapical Tissue; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Therapeutic Irrigation; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Torque	2014
Apical extrusion of debris in flat-oval root canals after using different instrumentation systems. Journal of endodontics, 2015, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; Incisor; Nickel; Orthodontic Extrusion; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2015
Accumulated hard tissue debris produced during reciprocating and rotary nickel-titanium canal preparation. Journal of endodontics, 2015, Volume: 41, Issue:5 Topics: Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth Root	2015
Comparative evaluation of shaping ability of two nickel-titanium rotary systems using cone beam computed tomography. BMC oral health, 2015, Mar-10, Volume: 15 Topics: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Materials Testing; Molar; Nickel; Random Allocation; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2015
Comparison of apical and coronal extrusions using reciprocating and rotary instrumentation systems. BMC oral health, 2015, Aug-07, Volume: 15 Topics: Dental Alloys; Equipment Design; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Humans; Materials Testing; Nickel; Random Allocation; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Tooth Crown	2015
Endodontic Instrumentation: Does the Kinematics of the System Matter? Dentistry today, 2015, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Surface Properties; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Torsion, Mechanical	2015
Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy of Three Engine-driven Instruments: SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2015, 11-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2015
Modern Endodontic Principles Part 3: Preparation. Dental update, 2015, Volume: 42, Issue:9 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Electrical Equipment and Supplies; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Odontometry; Radiography, Bitewing; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2015
Comparison of curved root canals preparation using reciprocating, continuous and an association of motions. Scanning, 2016, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Dental Instruments; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Motion; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2016
Effectiveness of Rotary Endodontic Instruments on Smear Layer Removal in Root Canals of Primary Teeth: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 2016, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Incisor; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Random Allocation; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Tooth, Deciduous	2016
Ultrastructural morphologic evaluation of root canal walls prepared by two rotary nickel-titanium systems: a comparative study. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2008, Volume: 106, Issue:3 Topics: Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2008
Radiological evaluation of the morphological changes of root canals shaped with ProTaper for hand use and the ProTaper and RaCe rotary instruments. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2008, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Radiography, Dental; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Subtraction Technique; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2008
A comparison of three nickel titanium rotary systems, EndoSequence, ProTaper universal, and profile GT, for canal-cleaning ability. Journal of endodontics, 2009, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2009
The X-files: four case reports. Dentistry today, 2009, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Retreatment; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Therapy; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2009
TiF(4) and NaF at pH 1.2 but not at pH 3.5 are able to reduce dentin erosion. Archives of oral biology, 2009, Volume: 54, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cariogenic Agents; Cariostatic Agents; Cattle; Chemical Precipitation; Dentin; Fluorides; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Random Allocation; Smear Layer; Sodium Fluoride; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Titanium; Tooth Erosion	2009
Evaluation of microleakage following application of a dentin bonding agent as root canal sealer in the presence or absence of smear layer. Journal of oral science, 2009, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: Bicuspid; Bismuth; Dental Leakage; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Filtration; Humans; Methacrylates; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium	2009
Long-term evaluation of the sealing ability of two root canal sealers in combination with self-etching bonding agents. The journal of adhesive dentistry, 2009, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Bismuth; Dental Leakage; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Materials Testing; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2009
Extrusion of debris after use of rotary nickel-titanium files with different pitch: a pilot study. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2009, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Mandible; Maxilla; Molar; Nickel; Pilot Projects; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2009
Impact of smear layer on sealing property of root canal obturation using 3 different techniques and sealers. Part I. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2010, Volume: 109, Issue:2 Topics: Bismuth; Dental Leakage; Dimethylpolysiloxanes; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement	2010
A micro-computed tomographic evaluation of apical root canal preparation using three instrumentation techniques. International endodontic journal, 2009, Volume: 42, Issue:12 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Odontometry; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Titanium; Tooth Apex; X-Ray Microtomography	2009
Cleaning of flattened root canals with different irrigating solutions and nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation. Brazilian dental journal, 2009, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Humans; Incisor; Mandible; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2009
An in vitro comparison of Profile GT and GTX nickel-titanium rotary instruments in apical transportation and length control in mandibular molar. Journal of endodontics, 2010, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Dental High-Speed Equipment; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Radiography; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2010
Micro-CT evaluation of residual material in canals filled with Activ GP or GuttaFlow following removal with NiTi instruments. International endodontic journal, 2010, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Acrylic Resins; Analysis of Variance; Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dimethylpolysiloxanes; Drug Combinations; Glass Ionomer Cements; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Nickel; Polyvinyls; Retreatment; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Preparation; Siloxanes; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; X-Ray Microtomography	2010
SEM evaluation of the root canal walls after treatment with Tetraclean. The International journal of artificial organs, 2010, Volume: 33, Issue:9 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Cetrimonium Compounds; Chlorhexidine; Citric Acid; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Doxycycline; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Polypropylenes; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2010
Comparison of root canal preparation using Flex Master Ni-Ti and Endo-Eze AET stainless steel instruments. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2011, Volume: 111, Issue:2 Topics: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Mandible; Molar; Nickel; Odontometry; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2011
Shaping ability and cleaning effectiveness of Mtwo versus coated and uncoated EasyShape instruments in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. International endodontic journal, 2011, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Alloys; Dental High-Speed Equipment; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Mandible; Maxilla; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2011
The effects of dentin debris on the cyclic fatigue resistance of several nickel titanium rotary systems. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2011, Volume: 112, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dental Instruments; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Equipment Reuse; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium	2011
Cleaning efficacy using two engine-driven systems versus manual instrumentation in curved root canals: a scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 2011, Volume: 37, Issue:9 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Equipment; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Statistics, Nonparametric; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium	2011
Quantitative molecular and culture analyses of bacterial elimination in oval-shaped root canals by a single-file instrumentation technique. International endodontic journal, 2012, Volume: 45, Issue:9 Topics: Bacterial Load; Bacteriological Techniques; Bicuspid; Biofilms; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Enterococcus faecalis; Equipment Design; Humans; Incisor; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2012
Microscopical and chemical surface characterization of the gingival portion and connection of an internal hexagon abutment before and after different technical stages of preparation. Clinical oral implants research, 2013, Volume: 24, Issue:6 Topics: Dental Abutments; Equipment Contamination; In Vitro Techniques; Lubricants; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Particle Size; Smear Layer; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Surface Properties; Titanium	2013
Geometric analysis of root canals prepared by four rotary NiTi shaping systems. Journal of endodontics, 2012, Volume: 38, Issue:7 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2012
Clinical antimicrobial efficacy of NiTi rotary instrumentation with NaOCl irrigation, final rinse with chlorhexidine and interappointment medication: a molecular study. International endodontic journal, 2013, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacterial Load; Biodiversity; Calcium Hydroxide; Chlorhexidine; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Disinfection; Edetic Acid; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Microbial Consortia; Molecular Biology; Nickel; Periapical Periodontitis; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2013
Supplementing the antimicrobial effects of chemomechanical debridement with either passive ultrasonic irrigation or a final rinse with chlorhexidine: a clinical study. Journal of endodontics, 2012, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Archaea; Bacteria; Chlorhexidine; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Equipment Design; Fungi; Humans; Iodine; Microbiological Techniques; Nickel; Periapical Periodontitis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Ultrasonics	2012
Comparison of influence of different manufacturing methods on the cleaning efficiency of rotary nickel-titanium files. Microscopy research and technique, 2013, Volume: 76, Issue:3 Topics: Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium	2013
Molecular microbiological evaluation of passive ultrasonic activation as a supplementary disinfecting step: a clinical study. Journal of endodontics, 2013, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Actinobacteria; Bacteria; Bacterial Load; Campylobacter; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Electrophoresis; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Nickel; Periapical Periodontitis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Sonication; Therapeutic Irrigation; Titanium; Ultrasonics	2013
Reduction in bacterial counts in infected root canals after rotary or hand nickel-titanium instrumentation--a clinical study. International endodontic journal, 2013, Volume: 46, Issue:7 Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Load; Bacteriological Techniques; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Nickel; Periapical Periodontitis; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium	2013
Efficiency of rotary nickel-titanium FlexMaster instruments compared with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile--Part 2. Cleaning effectiveness and instrumentation results in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. International endodontic journal, 2002, Volume: 35, Issue:6 Topics: Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Efficiency; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Titanium	2002
Efficacy of bacterial removal from instrumented root canals in vitro related to instrumentation technique and size. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2002, Volume: 94, Issue:3 Topics: Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Enterococcus faecalis; Equipment Design; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; Tritium	2002
Quality of preparation of oval distal root canals in mandibular molars using nickel-titanium instruments. International endodontic journal, 2002, Volume: 35, Issue:11 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Equipment Safety; Humans; Mandible; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Photography; Pliability; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Surface Properties; Time Factors; Titanium	2002
Efficiency of rotary nickel-titanium K3 instruments compared with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile. Part 2. Cleaning effectiveness and shaping ability in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. International endodontic journal, 2003, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Failure; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Radiography; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2003
A comparative study of root canal preparation using FlexMaster and HERO 642 rotary Ni-Ti instruments. International endodontic journal, 2003, Volume: 36, Issue:5 Topics: Chelating Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Disinfectants; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Equipment Safety; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Peroxides; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Titanium; Torque; Urea; Waxes	2003
Shear bond strength of AH-26 root canal sealer to dentine using three dentine bonding agents. Journal of dentistry, 2003, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Adhesiveness; Analysis of Variance; Bismuth; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Chelating Agents; Dental Bonding; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Humans; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Phosphoric Acids; Resin Cements; Root Canal Filling Materials; Silver; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stress, Mechanical; Titanium	2003
Evaluation of penetration and adaptation of three different sealers: a SEM study. Journal of oral rehabilitation, 2003, Volume: 30, Issue:9 Topics: Bismuth; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Cements; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Random Allocation; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium; Zinc Oxide	2003
Smear layer production by 3 rotary reamers with different cutting blade designs in straight root canals: a scanning electron microscopic study. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2003, Volume: 96, Issue:5 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Pulpectomy; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Surface Properties; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2003
Histologic analysis of the cleaning capacity of mechanical endodontic instruments activated by the ENDOflash system. Journal of endodontics, 2003, Volume: 29, Issue:10 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Equipment Design; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Random Allocation; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Titanium; Torque	2003
Comparative study of root-canal preparation using Lightspeed and Quantec SC rotary NiTi instruments. International endodontic journal, 2003, Volume: 36, Issue:11 Topics: Chelating Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental High-Speed Equipment; Dental Pulp Cavity; Disinfectants; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Equipment Safety; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Peroxides; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Titanium; Urea; Waxes	2003
Appearance of the root canal walls after preparation with NiTi rotary instruments: a comparative SEM investigation. Clinical oral investigations, 2004, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2004
Influence of passive ultrasonic activation on the penetration depth of different sealers. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2004, Feb-15, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Bismuth; Dentin Permeability; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Incisor; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; Ultrasonics	2004
Comparative investigation of two rotary nickel-titanium instruments: ProTaper versus RaCe. Part 2. Cleaning effectiveness and shaping ability in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. International endodontic journal, 2004, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Chelating Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2004
Evaluation of the influence of smear layer on the apical and coronal sealing ability of two sealers. Journal of endodontics, 2004, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Bismuth; Dental Bonding; Dental Cements; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Diffusion Chambers, Culture; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Materials Testing; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tooth Apex; Tooth Crown	2004
Treatment of the contaminated implant surface using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Implant dentistry, 2004, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Chromium; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Decontamination; Dental Etching; Dental Implants; Equipment Contamination; Erbium; Lasers; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Titanium	2004
SEM evaluation of canal wall dentine following use of Mtwo and ProTaper NiTi rotary instruments. International endodontic journal, 2004, Volume: 37, Issue:12 Topics: Chelating Agents; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Disinfectants; Edetic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Oxidants; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2004
Comparison of root canal preparation using RaCe and ProTaper rotary Ni-Ti instruments. International endodontic journal, 2005, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Equipment Failure; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Titanium; Torque	2005
The sealing ability of an epoxy resin root canal sealer after Nd:YAG laser irradiation of the root canal. International endodontic journal, 2005, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Aluminum Silicates; Bismuth; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Fluorescent Dyes; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Laser Therapy; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Neodymium; Pressure; Rhodamines; Root Canal Filling Materials; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium; Yttrium	2005
The influence of smear layer on coronal leakage of Roth 801 and AH26 root canal sealers. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2005, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Adhesiveness; Analysis of Variance; Bismuth; Dental Leakage; Dentin; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Random Allocation; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement	2005
Comparative study on the shaping ability and cleaning efficiency of rotary Mtwo instruments. Part 2. Cleaning effectiveness and shaping ability in severely curved root canals of extracted teeth. International endodontic journal, 2006, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; Nickel; Radiography; Root Canal Therapy; Rotation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2006
Smear layer production of K3 and ProFile Ni-Ti rotary instruments in curved root canals: a comparative SEM study. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 101, Issue:4 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2006
Debris retention and wear in three different nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2006, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Equipment Design; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2006
In vitro evaluation of endodontic debris removal as obtained by rotary instrumentation coupled with ultrasonic irrigation. Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2006, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Humans; Incisor; Mandible; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Syringes; Titanium; Ultrasonic Therapy	2006
Cleaning effectiveness and shaping ability of rotary ProTaper compared with rotary GT and manual K-Flexofile. American journal of dentistry, 2006, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Radiography; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Stainless Steel; Titanium	2006
A comparison of three Ni-Ti rotary instruments in apical transportation. Journal of endodontics, 2007, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Equipment Design; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2007
A comparative SEM investigation of the smear layer following preparation of root canals using nickel titanium rotary and hand instruments. Journal of oral science, 2007, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2007
An in vitro evaluation of the contents of root canals obturated with gutta percha and AH-26 sealer or Resilon and Epiphany sealer. Journal of endodontics, 2007, Volume: 33, Issue:11 Topics: Bismuth; Dental Pulp Cavity; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Incisor; Microscopy, Electron; Porosity; Reproducibility of Results; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium	2007
Apical extrusion of intracanal debris and irrigant following use of various instrumentation techniques. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2008, Volume: 105, Issue:2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Humans; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2008
Comparison of shaping ability of RaCe and Hero Shaper instruments in simulated curved canals. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2008, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Instruments; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Stress Analysis; Equipment Failure; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium	2008
Root canal preparation using the second harmonic KTP:YAG laser: a thermographic and scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 1995, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Argon; Dental Pulp Cavity; Humans; Laser Therapy; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Periodontal Ligament; Phosphates; Root Canal Therapy; Smear Layer; Surface Properties; Temperature; Thermography; Titanium; Tooth Root	1995
Structural and functional changes in root dentin following exposure to KTP/532 laser. Journal of endodontics, 1993, Volume: 19, Issue:10 Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Dentin Permeability; Humans; Lasers; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Phosphates; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tooth Root	1993
The adaptation of mechanically softened gutta-percha to the canal walls in the presence or absence of smear layer: a scanning electron microscopic study. International endodontic journal, 1995, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Bismuth; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Methenamine; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Titanium	1995
The effect of 4% titanium tetrafluoride solution on root canal walls--a preliminary investigation. Journal of endodontics, 1998, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Fluorides; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Irrigants; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium; Tooth Root	1998
Morphologic effects on L929 fibroblasts of titanium tetrafluoride application. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 1998, Volume: 86, Issue:3 Topics: Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride; Animals; Cariostatic Agents; Dentin; Dentin Permeability; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fluorides; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; L Cells; Mice; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Smear Layer; Sodium Fluoride; Titanium	1998
Long-term evaluation of the influence of smear layer removal on the sealing ability of different sealers. Journal of endodontics, 1999, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Bismuth; Dental Leakage; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Methenamine; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Titanium; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement	1999
The removal of the smear layer using the Quantec system. A study using the scanning electron microscope. International endodontic journal, 1999, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Dental High-Speed Technique; Dental Instruments; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	1999
Shaping and cleaning the root canal system: a scanning electron microscopic evaluation of a new instrumentation and irrigation technique. Journal of endodontics, 1999, Volume: 25, Issue:12 Topics: Chi-Square Distribution; Dental High-Speed Technique; Dental Instruments; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Octoxynol; Random Allocation; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	1999
Effects of irrigation on debris and smear layer on canal walls prepared by two rotary techniques: a scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 2000, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Dental High-Speed Equipment; Dental High-Speed Technique; Dental Pulp Cavity; Edetic Acid; Humans; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Surface Properties; Titanium	2000
The effect of root canal preparation on microleakage within endodontically treated teeth: an in vitro study. International endodontic journal, 2000, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Bicuspid; Bismuth; Cetrimonium Compounds; Chelating Agents; Cuspid; Dental Alloys; Dental Leakage; Disinfectants; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Electrochemistry; Epoxy Resins; Equipment Design; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Methenamine; Nickel; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Therapy; Silver; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Statistics as Topic; Titanium	2000
Effectiveness of 1 mol L-1 citric acid and 15% EDTA irrigation on smear layer removal. International endodontic journal, 2000, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Cetrimonium; Cetrimonium Compounds; Chelating Agents; Citric Acid; Dental Alloys; Dentin; Detergents; Disinfectants; Edetic Acid; Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Statistics as Topic; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium	2000
Apical extrusion of debris and irrigants using two hand and three engine-driven instrumentation techniques. International endodontic journal, 2001, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Dental High-Speed Technique; Dental Instruments; Dentin; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Humans; Incisor; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Smear Layer; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2001
The effectiveness of manual and rotary techniques in the cleaning of root canals: a scanning electron microscopy study. International endodontic journal, 2001, Volume: 34, Issue:7 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nickel; Reproducibility of Results; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stainless Steel; Statistics, Nonparametric; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2001
A comparative study of root canal preparation with HERO 642 and Quantec SC rotary Ni-Ti instruments. International endodontic journal, 2001, Volume: 34, Issue:7 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Equipment Safety; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Safety; Smear Layer; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics as Topic; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Titanium; Tooth Apex	2001
A comparative study of root canal preparation using Profile .04 and Lightspeed rotary Ni-Ti instruments. International endodontic journal, 2002, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: Dental Alloys; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Equipment Safety; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Nickel; Radiography; Root Canal Preparation; Rotation; Smear Layer; Statistics as Topic; Statistics, Nonparametric; Surface Properties; Time Factors; Titanium	2002