tiodonium-chloride and Dental-Plaque

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a tiodonium chloride mouthrinse on the microbial composition of plaque and the acidogenic properties of plaque and saliva after challenge with sucrose solutions. Fifty-five participants were grouped on the basis of their tendency to form plaque, then randomly assigned to use either a placebo or a 0.3% tiodonium chloride rinse. After a prophylaxis all oral hygiene was suspended, supervised rinsings were conducted twice daily for four days and once on day 5. One-half hour after the last rinse, plaque was removed from the right mandibular second molar for microbiological evaluation. Plaque was also removed from the right quadrants and mixed with 10% sucrose. The pH of the mixture was measured immediately and after 15 minutes. Saliva was collected before and 30 minutes after the final rinse and mixed with 5% glucose. pH was determined initially and after five hours. Tiodonium chloride rinses significantly reduced the viable organisms in plaque. It also restricted the ability of plaque or saliva to metabolize sucrose as monitored by pH changes. The results suggest that tiodonium chloride might decrease dental caries because of its inhibiting effect on plaque microflora and acid production by plaque and saliva.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mouthwashes; Onium Compounds; Placebos; Saliva; Thiophenes

The purpose of this clinical investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of 0.3% tiodonium chloride mouthrinse on various plaque and gingivitis indices. Fifty-five subjects were randomly assigned to the tiodonium chloride or placebo mouthrinses. After a prophylaxis on day 1 of the study, the subjects suspended all oral hygiene except for the daily supervised mouthrinsing. Plaque was monitored by thickness, area, and dry weight. All mean plaque scores were significantly lower in the tiodonium chloride group than in the placebo group (P less than 0.01). Gingivitis was assessed by a clinical gingivitis index and by measuring the amount of crevicular fluid. Mean clinical gingivitis scores (GI) did not differ significantly between the two groups; however the mean gingival fluid score was significantly lower in the tiodonium chloride group than in the placebo group (P less than 0.05). No side effects were reported or observed during the study.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Drug Evaluation; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Mouthwashes; Onium Compounds; Placebos; Thiophenes

This investigation measured the effect of several organic compounds on dental caries and plaque when used as oral rinses in rats. These compounds were equimolar with regard to their chloride or fluoride moieties or the added sodium fluoride (0.26 M F). Test agents were dissolved in an aqueous glycerol vehicle and applied daily to the teeth of rats. Significant restriction in the mean incidence of dental caries (greater than or equal to 20%) was imparted by the following chemicals used alone or in combination: alexidine dihydrochloride, alexidine dihydrochloride with sodium fluoride, lysine phosphate fluoride, silane polyamine fluoride, tiodonium chloride, and tiodonium chloride with sodium fluoride. Only the groups treated with alexidine chloride alone or in combination with sodium fluoride exhibited significantly less dental plaque (greater than or equal to 64%) than the rats in the placebo-treated groups.

Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Biguanides; Cariostatic Agents; Cations; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Female; Fluorides; Lysine; Mouthwashes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Streptococcus mutans; Thiophenes

Rats with six-day-old plaque were treated twice daily with mouthrinses containing either tiodonium chloride, stannous fluoride or a placebo. Although the results for tiodonium chloride were unremarkable, stannous fluoride mouthrinses proved to be significantly effective in removing dental plaque and in restricting the ability of plaque to lower the pH of sugar solutions.

Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Dental Plaque; Diet, Cariogenic; Female; Fluorescence; Fluorides; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mouthwashes; Onium Compounds; Rats; Streptococcus mutans; Thiophenes; Tin Fluorides

Tiodonium chloride was evaluated for its efficacy against Streptococcus mutans. Depending upon the concentration used, it was found to have either bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity against S mutans and ti inhibit the accumulation of plaque formed in vitro by this organism. When applied as a mouthrinse in hamsters infected with S mutans, tiodonium chloride significantly reduced the accumulation of dental plaque. Chlorhexidine gluconate was tested as a positive control in the in vivo experiment.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Cricetinae; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Drug Evaluation; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesocricetus; Onium Compounds; Streptococcus mutans; Thiophenes

The efficacy of tiodonium chloride as an antimicrobial, antiplaque, and anticaries agent was examined. It proved to be an effective antibacterial agent and reduced in vitro plaque formation at concentrations below its bacteriostatic level. It reduced caries in rats when used in the food at 600 microgram/gm but was not effective as a mouthrinse at up to 0.3%.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Cariostatic Agents; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Drug Evaluation; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Onium Compounds; Rats; Thiophenes

Tiodonium chloride (4-chlorophenyl-2-thienyliodonium chloride), when used in a twice daily mouthrinse at a concentration of 0.3% for either one or four weeks, inhibited dental plaque formation in rats that had been inoculated with Streptococcus mutans 6715-15 and Actinomyces viscosus T-6. Mouthrinses containing 0.1 and 0.2% tiodonium chloride were also effective in inhibiting plaque, but not as consistently as the 0.3% level.

Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Drug Evaluation; Female; Mouthwashes; Onium Compounds; Rats; Streptococcus mutans; Thiophenes