tiliroside and Weight-Gain

Tiliroside contained in several dietary plants, such as rose hips, strawberry and raspberry, is a glycosidic flavonoid and possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective activities. Recently, it has been reported that the administration of tiliroside significantly inhibited body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation in normal mice. In this study, we evaluated the effects of tiliroside on obesity-induced metabolic disorders in obese-diabetic KK-A(y) mice. In KK-A(y) mice, the administration of tiliroside (100 mg/kg body weight/day) for 21 days failed to suppress body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation. Although tiliroside did not affect oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio was significantly decreased in mice treated with tiliroside. In the analysis of metabolic characteristics, it was shown that plasma insulin, free fatty acid and triglyceride levels were decreased, and plasma adiponectin levels were increased in mice administered tiliroside. The messenger RNA expression levels of hepatic adiponectin receptor (AdipoR)-1 and AdipoR2 and skeletal muscular AdipoR1 were up-regulated by tiliroside treatment. Furthermore, it was indicated that tiliroside treatment activated AMP-activated protein kinase in both the liver and skeletal muscle and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in the liver. Finally, tiliroside inhibited obesity-induced hepatic and muscular triglyceride accumulation. These findings suggest that tiliroside enhances fatty acid oxidation via the enhancement adiponectin signaling associated with the activation of both AMP-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and ameliorates obesity-induced metabolic disorders, such as hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, although it does not suppress body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation in obese-diabetic model mice.

Topics: Adiponectin; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Fatty Acids; Female; Flavonoids; Insulin; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Metabolic Diseases; Mice; Mice, Obese; Muscle, Skeletal; Obesity; Plant Extracts; PPAR alpha; Receptors, Adiponectin; Signal Transduction; Triglycerides; Up-Regulation; Weight Gain

The 80% aqueous acetone extracts from the fruit (50 mg/kg/d) and seeds (12.5 and 25 mg/kg/d) of Rosa canina L., but not from the pericarps, were found to show substantial inhibitory effect on the gain of body weight and/or weight of visceral fat without affecting food intake in mice for 2 weeks after administration of the extracts. With regard to the active constituents, the principal constituent, trans-tiliroside (0.1-10 mg/kg/d), potently inhibited the gain of body weight, especially visceral fat weight, and significantly reduced blood glucose levels after glucose loading (1 g/kg, ip) in mice. On the other hand, kaempferol and p-coumaric acid lacked such effect and kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside tended to reduce the gain of body weight and visceral fat weight, but not significantly, at a dose of 10 mg/kg/d. These results indicate the importance of both kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and p-coumaroyl moieties for anti-obese effects. Furthermore, a single oral administration of trans-tiliroside at a dose of 10 mg/kg increased the expression of PPAR-alpha mRNA of liver tissue in mice.

Topics: Acetone; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzopyrans; Body Weight; Coumaric Acids; Flavonoids; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Kaempferols; Liver; Mice; Plant Extracts; PPAR alpha; Propionates; RNA, Messenger; Rosa; Structure-Activity Relationship; Water; Weight Gain