ticlopidine and Hematochezia studies

Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.
ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.

Hematochezia: The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To elucidate the efficacy and safety between aspirin and clopidogrel, a multicenter randomized controlled trial was designed in AF patients with low stroke risk."	9.24	Rationale and Design for a Randomized Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Aspirin and Clopidogrel in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Low Stroke Risk: CESAC-AF trial. ( Bang, CS; Hong, KS; Hong, MK; Jeong, H; Jung, MH; Kim, CY; Park, SM, 2017)
"We analysed results of the Severity of Dyspepsia Assessment questionnaires collected in the Clopidogrel and the Optimization of Gastrointestinal Events Trial."	9.20	The effects of proton pump inhibition on patient-reported severity of dyspepsia when receiving dual anti-platelet therapy with clopidogrel and low-dose aspirin: analysis from the Clopidogrel and the Optimization of Gastrointestinal Events Trial. ( Bhatt, DL; Cannon, CP; Cohen, M; Cryer, BL; Doros, G; Goldsmith, MA; Laine, L; Lanas, A; Lapuerta, P; Liu, Y; McIntosh, AI; Schnitzer, TJ; Vardi, M, 2015)
"Little is known about the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors compared with H(2) receptor antagonists in preventing adverse upper gastrointestinal complications in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin or thrombolytics."	9.16	Esomeprazole compared with famotidine in the prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome or myocardial infarction. ( Chan, K; Chu, WM; Keung, KK; Kng, C; Kwan, A; Lam, KF; Lau, YK; Li, A; Ng, FH; Tunggal, P; Wong, BC, 2012)
"Adding clopidogrel to aspirin beyond 4 weeks post PCI is not associated with a significant increase in the overall rate of major or minor bleeding, although it is associated with an increase in major gastrointestinal bleeding in the year after a PCI."	9.14	Bleeding risk associated with 1 year of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the Clopidogrel for the Reduction of Events During Observation (CREDO) trial. ( Aronow, HD; Berger, PB; Brennan, DM; Steinhubl, SR; Topol, EJ, 2009)
"Our aim was to identify risk factors for acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) who were prescribed clopidogrel following hospital discharge."	7.80	Risk factors for acute gastrointestinal bleeding following myocardial infarction in veteran patients who are prescribed clopidogrel. ( Cuschieri, JR; Drawz, P; Falck-Ytter, Y; Wong, RC, 2014)
"We sought to compare the 1-year risk of re-hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) between patients taking clopidogrel with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) vs."	7.78	One-year clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors: results from a regional cohort study. ( Branzi, A; De Palma, R; Marino, M; Marzocchi, A; Ortolani, P, 2012)
"This multicenter retrospective study investigated the management and outcome of patients with peptic ulcer/erosion-related aspirin and clopidogrel (A + C) cotherapy."	7.74	Management and outcome of peptic ulcers or erosions in patients receiving a combination of aspirin plus clopidogrel. ( Chan, P; Cheung, TK; Kng, C; Kwanching, CP; Lai, ST; Loo, CK; Ng, FH; Ng, KM; Wong, BC; Wong, SY, 2008)
"The combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin (combination therapy) is the standard treatment for acute coronary syndrome but is associated with gastrointestinal bleeding."	7.74	Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving a combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin in acute coronary syndrome. ( Chang, CM; Chu, WM; Lam, KF; Lau, YK; Ng, FH; Wong, BC; Wong, SY, 2008)
"During the period from January 2000 to May 2002, 70 patients who were prescribed clopidogrel (75 mg/day) for a previous history of non-aspirin-related peptic ulcer disease or a history of aspirin-related gastrointestinal complications (dyspepsia or peptic ulcer) were recruited."	7.72	High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. ( Chang, CM; Chen, WH; Kng, C; Lanas, AI; Ng, FH; Wong, BC; Wong, SY, 2003)
" Although administration of antiplatelet agents has been confirmed to be one of the major approaches for secondary prevention of noncardioembolic stroke, the short-term or long-term use of aspirin plus clopidogrel for secondary stroke prevention remains to be controversial."	6.52	Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin for secondary stroke prevention. ( Chen, W; Wang, Y, 2015)
"To elucidate the efficacy and safety between aspirin and clopidogrel, a multicenter randomized controlled trial was designed in AF patients with low stroke risk."	5.24	Rationale and Design for a Randomized Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Aspirin and Clopidogrel in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Low Stroke Risk: CESAC-AF trial. ( Bang, CS; Hong, KS; Hong, MK; Jeong, H; Jung, MH; Kim, CY; Park, SM, 2017)
"We analysed results of the Severity of Dyspepsia Assessment questionnaires collected in the Clopidogrel and the Optimization of Gastrointestinal Events Trial."	5.20	The effects of proton pump inhibition on patient-reported severity of dyspepsia when receiving dual anti-platelet therapy with clopidogrel and low-dose aspirin: analysis from the Clopidogrel and the Optimization of Gastrointestinal Events Trial. ( Bhatt, DL; Cannon, CP; Cohen, M; Cryer, BL; Doros, G; Goldsmith, MA; Laine, L; Lanas, A; Lapuerta, P; Liu, Y; McIntosh, AI; Schnitzer, TJ; Vardi, M, 2015)
" Patients with Helicobacter pylori infection and a history of peptic ulcer were assigned dual antiplatelet combination with omeprazole."	5.17	Effect of clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in patients with carotid artery stenting. ( Chen, G; Du, Y; Hang, L; Ma, B, 2013)
"Little is known about the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors compared with H(2) receptor antagonists in preventing adverse upper gastrointestinal complications in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin or thrombolytics."	5.16	Esomeprazole compared with famotidine in the prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome or myocardial infarction. ( Chan, K; Chu, WM; Keung, KK; Kng, C; Kwan, A; Lam, KF; Lau, YK; Li, A; Ng, FH; Tunggal, P; Wong, BC, 2012)
"Adding clopidogrel to aspirin beyond 4 weeks post PCI is not associated with a significant increase in the overall rate of major or minor bleeding, although it is associated with an increase in major gastrointestinal bleeding in the year after a PCI."	5.14	Bleeding risk associated with 1 year of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the Clopidogrel for the Reduction of Events During Observation (CREDO) trial. ( Aronow, HD; Berger, PB; Brennan, DM; Steinhubl, SR; Topol, EJ, 2009)
" PPIs are the mainstay therapeutic agents for prophylaxis against aspirin gastropathy and for acid-related disorders including gastroesophageal reflux disease."	4.95	East Asian perspective on the interaction between proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel. ( Goh, KL; Zou, D, 2017)
"Clopidogrel plus aspirin is considered the antiplatelet treatment of choice in patients with acute coronary syndrome, whether or not they are undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)."	4.86	Inhibition of the antithrombotic effects of clopidogrel by proton pump inhibitors: facts or fancies? ( Lettino, M, 2010)
"Standard double antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus clopidogrel) used in patients with coronary artery disease during acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and/or in conjunction with percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) has some limitations."	4.86	[Antiplatelet therapy in coronary heart disease. Some problems and achivements]. ( Gratsianskiĭ, NA, 2010)
"Long-term use of aspirin and severity of cerebral infarction are risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding in cerebral infarction patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy."	4.31	Risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cerebral infarction after dual antiplatelet therapy. ( Huang, J; Liao, F; Shu, X; Tang, J, 2023)
" Cox proportional hazard regression models were developed to evaluate the predictors of LGIB with adjustments for age, gender, comorbidities including coronary artery disease, ischaemic stroke, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dyslipidemia, uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease, history of peptic ulcer bleeding, and concomitant use of clopidogrel, ticlopidine, warfarin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, steroids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), nitrates, alendronate, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and calcium channel blockers."	3.85	The risk of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in low-dose aspirin users. ( Chen, WC; Chuah, SK; Hsu, PI; Huang, YT; Lin, KH; Sun, WC; Tsai, TJ; Wu, DC, 2017)
"Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce gastrointestinal bleeding events but may alter clopidogrel metabolism."	3.83	Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use on the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Prasugrel Versus Clopidogrel: Insights From the Treatment With Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events After Acu ( Baker, BA; Cohen, DJ; Effron, MB; Faries, DE; Jackson, LR; Ju, C; McCoy, LA; Messenger, JC; Peterson, ED; Wang, TY; Zettler, M, 2016)
"Our aim was to identify risk factors for acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) who were prescribed clopidogrel following hospital discharge."	3.80	Risk factors for acute gastrointestinal bleeding following myocardial infarction in veteran patients who are prescribed clopidogrel. ( Cuschieri, JR; Drawz, P; Falck-Ytter, Y; Wong, RC, 2014)
"Increased incidence of coronary artery disease has led to the increased use of dual antiplatelet therapy composed of aspirin and clopidogrel."	3.80	[Clinical impact of dual antiplatelet therapy on peptic ulcer disease]. ( Ahn, DG; Kim, BJ; Kim, JG; Kim, JW, 2014)
"Current guidelines offer a choice of P2Y12 receptor antagonist among clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor on top of aspirin (ASA) for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients after acute coronary syndromes (ACS)."	3.79	Gastrointestinal adverse events after dual antiplatelet therapy: clopidogrel is safer than ticagrelor, but prasugrel data are lacking or inconclusive. ( Can, MM; Dinicolantonio, JJ; Kuliczkowski, W; Pershukov, IV; Serebruany, VL, 2013)
"Ticagrelor is a reversible inhibitor of platelet-aggregation, and is used instead of clopidogrel in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)."	3.79	[Gastrointestinal bleeding after treatment with ticagrelor]. ( Hauge, J; Kragh, R; Poulsen, BK, 2013)
"We sought to compare the 1-year risk of re-hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) between patients taking clopidogrel with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) vs."	3.78	One-year clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors: results from a regional cohort study. ( Branzi, A; De Palma, R; Marino, M; Marzocchi, A; Ortolani, P, 2012)
" In the management of aspirin-related uncomplicated peptic ulcers in patients requiring antiplatelet therapies, continuing aspirin plus a powerful proton pump inhibitor is the choice of treatment."	3.78	New look at antiplatelet agent-related peptic ulcer: an update of prevention and treatment. ( Hsu, PI, 2012)
"The frequencies of hemorrhagic spots, erosions and peptic ulcers in the symptomatic clopidogrel users were 25%, 39% and 39%, respectively."	3.78	Upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients receiving clopidogrel anti-platelet therapy. ( Chan, HH; Chang, SN; Hsiao, SH; Hsu, PI; Huang, HR; Lai, KH; Lin, CH; Lin, CK; Lin, KH; Liu, CP; Tsai, TJ; Tsay, FW; Wang, HM; Wang, KM; Yu, HC, 2012)
"Increased baseline platelet reactivity as well as diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome are associated with low aspirin response in the aged patients."	3.77	[Aspirin response and related factors in aged patients]. ( Fan, Y; Feng, XR; Liu, F; Liu, ML; Liu, QZ; Tian, QP, 2011)
"Clopidogrel is widely used in patients with acute coronary syndromes and following percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation."	3.75	Potential Interaction between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors. ( Howard, PA; Vacek, JL, 2009)
"This study was conducted to compare the risk of recurrent hospitalization for major gastrointestinal (GI) complications (peptic ulcer, bleeding, and perforation) in patients at high GI risk who require ongoing antiplatelet therapy (aspirin [acetylsalicylic acid] or clopidogrel) with or without proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)."	3.75	A comparison of aspirin and clopidogrel with or without proton pump inhibitors for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients at high risk for gastrointestinal bleeding. ( Chang, PY; Chen, PF; Hsiao, FY; Huang, WF; Kuo, KN; Tsai, YW; Wen, YW, 2009)
"This multicenter retrospective study investigated the management and outcome of patients with peptic ulcer/erosion-related aspirin and clopidogrel (A + C) cotherapy."	3.74	Management and outcome of peptic ulcers or erosions in patients receiving a combination of aspirin plus clopidogrel. ( Chan, P; Cheung, TK; Kng, C; Kwanching, CP; Lai, ST; Loo, CK; Ng, FH; Ng, KM; Wong, BC; Wong, SY, 2008)
"The combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin (combination therapy) is the standard treatment for acute coronary syndrome but is associated with gastrointestinal bleeding."	3.74	Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving a combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin in acute coronary syndrome. ( Chang, CM; Chu, WM; Lam, KF; Lau, YK; Ng, FH; Wong, BC; Wong, SY, 2008)
"A literature search was conducted using EMBASE (1980-January 2008), PubMed (1966-January 2008), Google, and a manual search of the reference lists using the search terms gastrointestinal bleed, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, peptic ulcer hemorrhage, ASA, aspirin, Plavix, clopidogrel, and PPI."	3.74	Single antiplatelet therapy for patients with previous gastrointestinal bleeds. ( Ackman, ML; Gellatly, RM, 2008)
"Erosive oesophagitis is common in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding taking low-dose aspirin or antithrombotic agents, and could potentially be confused with the coexisting heart disease."	3.73	Upper gastrointestinal mucosal abnormalities and blood loss complicating low-dose aspirin and antithrombotic therapy. ( Angerson, WJ; Blatchford, O; Knill-Jones, RP; Taha, AS, 2006)
"During the period from January 2000 to May 2002, 70 patients who were prescribed clopidogrel (75 mg/day) for a previous history of non-aspirin-related peptic ulcer disease or a history of aspirin-related gastrointestinal complications (dyspepsia or peptic ulcer) were recruited."	3.72	High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. ( Chang, CM; Chen, WH; Kng, C; Lanas, AI; Ng, FH; Wong, BC; Wong, SY, 2003)
"The aspirin group was further divided into 3-day and 7-day aspirin groups."	3.11	Time of Resumption of Antiplatelet Drugs After Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage. ( Fan, X; Jiao, L; Ma, H; Meng, X; Wang, J; Zhao, L, 2022)
"Randomized patients with available aspirin dosing information in COGENT (N = 3,752) were divided into "low-dose" (≤ 100 mg) and "high-dose" (>100 mg) aspirin groups."	2.82	Proton-Pump Inhibitors Reduce Gastrointestinal Events Regardless of Aspirin Dose in Patients Requiring Dual Antiplatelet Therapy. ( Bhatt, DL; Cannon, CP; Cohen, M; Cryer, BL; Doros, G; Goldsmith, MA; Hsieh, WH; Laine, L; Lanas, A; Lapuerta, P; Liu, Y; Schnitzer, TJ; Shook, TL; Vaduganathan, M, 2016)
" The grade of gastric mucosal injuries was evaluated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy before and after dosing (on day 0 and day 14), and the grade of gastric mucosal injury was assessed according to the modified Lanza score."	2.79	A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of rebamipide for gastric mucosal injury taking aspirin with or without clopidogrel. ( Fukui, H; Hida, N; Hori, K; Miwa, H; Nakamura, S; Ogawa, T; Ohda, Y; Okugawa, T; Oshima, T; Tomita, T; Tozawa, K; Watari, J, 2014)
"Pantoprazole treatment does not impair the efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with SAP after PCI."	2.77	Effects of pantoprazole on dual antiplatelet therapy in stable angina pectoris patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. ( Chmiel, A; Gąsior, Z; Gieszczyk, K; Haberka, M; Kunecki, M; Kyrcz-Krzemień, S; Lasota, B; Mizia, M; Mizia-Stec, K; Najda, J, 2012)
" Multiple gastroduodenal biopsies were performed during 2 esophagogastroduodenoscopy in subjects dosed with aspirin enteric-coated 81 mg once daily or clopidogrel 75 mg once daily."	2.76	Is gastroduodenal biopsy safe in patients receiving aspirin and clopidogrel?: a prospective, randomized study involving 630 biopsies. ( Aisenberg, J; Bamji, ND; Bodian, CA; Cohen, LB; Desai, JC; Dikman, AE; Harpaz, N; Kornacki, S; Miller, KM; Sanyal, S; von Althann, C; Whitson, MJ, 2011)
"Aspirin was associated with increased bleeding risks when combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, clopidogrel and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors compared with monotherapy."	2.53	Bleeding Risk with Long-Term Low-Dose Aspirin: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. ( García Rodríguez, LA; Hennekens, CH; Lanas, A; Martín-Pérez, M; Rothwell, PM, 2016)
" Although administration of antiplatelet agents has been confirmed to be one of the major approaches for secondary prevention of noncardioembolic stroke, the short-term or long-term use of aspirin plus clopidogrel for secondary stroke prevention remains to be controversial."	2.52	Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin for secondary stroke prevention. ( Chen, W; Wang, Y, 2015)
" Proton pump inhibitors cause few adverse effects with short-term use; however, long-term use has been scrutinized for appropriateness, drug-drug interactions, and the potential for adverse effects (e."	2.48	Reducing adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors. ( Ament, PW; Dicola, DB; James, ME, 2012)
" However, a randomized controlled trial that compared clopidogrel alone with the combination of clopidogrel and omeprazole found no increase in adverse cardiovascular outcomes and a reduction in the rate of adverse gastrointestinal outcomes attributable to omeprazole."	2.48	Recent safety concerns with proton pump inhibitors. ( Chen, J; Howden, CW; Leontiadis, GI; Yuan, YC, 2012)
" In order to achieve the desired results and, as with all medications, PPIs should always be used appropriately taking care never to exceed correct dosage and duration."	2.47	Proton pump inhibitors in rheumatic diseases: clinical practice, drug interactions, bone fractures and risk of infections. ( Ferraccioli, GF; Gremese, E; Laria, A; Zoli, A, 2011)
"Aspirin has traditionally been used."	2.46	Gastrointestinal bleed with clopidogrel and aspirin. ( Choudhary, S; Joshi, R; Kohli, V; Sibal, A, 2010)
"She developed aplastic anemia seven weeks after initiation of ticlopidine."	2.41	Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia and quick recovery with G-CSF: case report and literature review. ( Ammash, Z; Dabajah, B; Mourad, FH; Nasrallah, A; Taher, A, 2000)
" The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of endoscopy combined with the administration of antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents to stimulate bleeding in order to define a source."	1.46	Pharmacologic provocation combined with endoscopy in refractory cases of GI bleeding. ( Adler, DG; Jex, KT; Nicaud, MJ; Raines, DL, 2017)
"Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with unsatisfactory survival is common after surgical resection."	1.43	Antiplatelet Therapy is Associated with a Better Prognosis for Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Resection. ( Chao, Y; Chen, CC; Chen, TJ; Hu, YW; Huang, YH; Huo, TI; Lee, PC; Lin, HC; Liu, CJ; Su, CW; Wu, JC; Yeh, CM, 2016)
" Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database."	1.42	Analysis of the Interaction between Clopidogrel, Aspirin, and Proton Pump Inhibitors Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database. ( Abe, J; Hara, H; Kinosada, Y; Miyamura, N; Nakamura, M; Nishibata, Y; Sekiya, Y; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, Y; Tsuchiya, T; Umetsu, R; Uranishi, H, 2015)
" Even a 12-hour separation of dosing does not appear to prevent drug interactions between omeprazole and clopidogrel."	1.40	Proton-pump inhibitors in patients requiring antiplatelet therapy: new FDA labeling. ( Chilton, R; Johnson, DA; Liker, HR, 2014)
"The risk of postoperative hemorrhage following gastric ESD was higher in patients with antithrombotic therapy than in those without that therapy."	1.39	The postoperative bleeding rate and its risk factors in patients on antithrombotic therapy who undergo gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection. ( Edogawa, S; Harada, S; Higuchi, K; Kojima, Y; Ota, K; Takeuchi, T; Tokioka, S; Umegaki, E, 2013)
"Regardless of dose, adjusted odds ratios associating clopidogrel use with the study endpoint were statistically significant and followed a dose-response pattern."	1.39	Gastrointestinal events with clopidogrel: a nationwide population-based cohort study. ( Grove, EL; Jørgensen, NR; Schwarz, P; Vestergaard, P; Würtz, M, 2013)
"This study evaluated the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) associated with use of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) alone and in combination with other gastrotoxic medications."	1.37	Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with low-dose acetylsalicylic acid alone and in combination with clopidogrel and other medications. ( García Rodríguez, LA; Hernández-Díaz, S; Johansson, S; Lin, KJ, 2011)
"Aspirin was held, on average, 3 days both pre- and post-polypectomy."	1.37	Optimal timing of anticoagulation pre- and post-colonoscopy with polypectomy. ( Heyrosa, MG; Khubchandani, IT; Thekkeurumbil, SV, 2011)
" In 199 patients treated with DAT alone (control group) and 103 patients treated with rabeprazole plus DAT (rabeprazole group), we examined the incidences of GI bleeding and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including stent thrombosis."	1.36	[Efficacy and safety of concomitant use of rabeprazole during dual-antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin after drug-eluting stent implantation: a retrospective cohort study]. ( Chubachi, H; Ikee, R; Miyasaka, Y; Saito, S; Yasu, T, 2010)
" The same was true when a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug was combined with either clopidogrel (adjusted RR 2."	1.34	Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. ( Brophy, JM; Delaney, JA; Opatrny, L; Suissa, S, 2007)

Research

Studies (202)

Authors

Clinical Trials (13)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Factors Associated With Initial ADP Receptor Inhibitor Selection at Enrollment: Duke Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Index

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	1 (0.50)	18.7374
1990's	2 (0.99)	18.2507
2000's	51 (25.25)	29.6817
2010's	144 (71.29)	24.3611
2020's	4 (1.98)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Ma, H	1
Fan, X	1
Jiao, L	1
Meng, X	1
Zhao, L	1
Wang, J	2
Huang, J	1
Liao, F	1
Tang, J	1
Shu, X	1
Ayoub, F	1
Sengupta, N	1
Kim, GU	1
Lee, S	1
Choe, J	1
Hwang, SW	1
Park, SH	1
Ye, BD	1
Byeon, JS	1
Myung, SJ	1
Yang, SK	1
Yang, DH	1
Chen, WC	1
Lin, KH	2
Huang, YT	1
Tsai, TJ	2
Sun, WC	1
Chuah, SK	1
Wu, DC	1
Hsu, PI	3
Park, SM	1
Jeong, H	1
Jung, MH	1
Hong, KS	1
Hong, MK	1
Bang, CS	1
Kim, CY	1
Yee, J	1
Kumar, V	1
Anuwatworn, A	1
Petrasko, M	1
Stys, A	1
Tong, MS	1
Sung, PH	1
Liu, CF	1
Chen, KH	1
Chung, SY	1
Chua, S	1
Chen, CJ	1
Lee, WC	1
Chai, HT	1
Yip, HK	1
Chang, HW	1
Lin, D	1
Soetikno, RM	1
McQuaid, K	1
Pham, C	1
Doan, G	1
Mou, S	1
Shergill, AK	1
Somsouk, M	1
Rouse, RV	1
Kaltenbach, T	1
Shaukat, A	1
Waheed, S	1
Alexander, E	1
Washko, D	1
Dawn, B	1
Olyaee, M	1
Gupta, K	1
Nam, YH	1
Brensinger, CM	1
Bilker, WB	1
Leonard, CE	1
Kasner, SE	1
Grosser, T	1
Li, X	1
Hennessy, S	1
Porta, L	1
Baorda, F	1
Fusco, A	1
Hauge, J	1
Kragh, R	1
Poulsen, BK	1
Abdel Samie, A	1
Theilmann, L	1
Amagase, K	2
Yoshida, Y	1
Hara, D	1
Murakami, T	1
Takeuchi, K	3
Jiang, Z	1
Wu, H	1
Duan, Z	1
Wang, Z	1
Hu, K	1
Ye, F	1
Zhang, Z	1
Gerson, LB	1
Baron, TH	1
Kamath, PS	1
McBane, RD	1
Takahashi, Y	1
Nishida, Y	1
Nakayama, T	1
Asai, S	1
Serebruany, VL	2
Dinicolantonio, JJ	1
Can, MM	1
Pershukov, IV	1
Kuliczkowski, W	1
Badar, A	1
Scaife, J	1
Yan, AT	1
Robinson, SD	1
Zaman, AG	1
Purcell, IF	1
Ahmed, JM	1
Egred, M	1
Edwards, RJ	1
Spyridopoulos, I	1
Keavney, BD	1
Bagnall, AJ	1
Takeuchi, T	1
Ota, K	1
Harada, S	1
Edogawa, S	1
Kojima, Y	1
Tokioka, S	1
Umegaki, E	1
Higuchi, K	1
Würtz, M	4
Grove, EL	4
Misro, AK	1
Sheth, H	1
Pal, A	1
Lin, CC	1
Hu, HY	1
Luo, JC	3
Peng, YL	1
Hou, MC	2
Lin, HC	3
Lee, FY	2
Asiimwe, A	1
Li, JJ	1
Weerakkody, G	1
Vangerow, H	1
Delisle, F	1
Benoit, K	1
Heath, L	1
Wernicke, J	1
Motsko, S	1
Cuschieri, JR	1
Drawz, P	1
Falck-Ytter, Y	1
Wong, RC	1
Wei, H	1
Shang, J	1
Keohane, C	1
Wang, M	1
Li, Q	1
Ni, W	1
O'Neill, K	1
Chintala, M	1
Morneau, KM	1
Reaves, AB	1
Martin, JB	1
Oliphant, CS	1
Cheng, VE	1
Oppermen, A	1
Natarajan, D	1
Haikerwal, D	1
Pereira, J	1
Ma, B	1
Hang, L	1
Chen, G	1
Du, Y	1
Tozawa, K	1
Oshima, T	1
Okugawa, T	1
Ogawa, T	1
Ohda, Y	1
Tomita, T	1
Hida, N	1
Fukui, H	1
Hori, K	1
Watari, J	1
Nakamura, S	1
Miwa, H	1
Sugimoto, M	1
Uotani, T	1
Furuta, T	2
Wang, Q	1
Ljung, R	1
Lagergren, J	1
Lu, Y	1
Fukuyama, K	1
Fujikawa, T	2
Kuramitsu, S	1
Tanaka, A	2
Johnson, DA	5
Chilton, R	1
Liker, HR	1
Nagata, N	2
Niikura, R	2
Aoki, T	2
Shimbo, T	2
Kishida, Y	1
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Tanaka, S	1
Okubo, H	2
Watanabe, K	3
Sakurai, T	2
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Yanase, M	2
Mizokami, M	1
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Lee, J	1
Burke, DT	1
Ahn, DG	1
Kim, BJ	1
Kim, JW	1
Kim, JG	1
Sáez, ME	3
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Umetsu, R	1
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Nishibata, Y	1
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Miyamura, N	1
Hara, H	1
Tsuchiya, T	1
Kinosada, Y	1
Nakamura, M	1
Vardi, M	1
Cryer, BL	5
Cohen, M	5
Lanas, A	7
Schnitzer, TJ	5
Lapuerta, P	5
Goldsmith, MA	5
Laine, L	9
Doros, G	4
Liu, Y	4
McIntosh, AI	1
Cannon, CP	6
Bhatt, DL	8
Ford, NF	1
Wang, Y	2
Chen, W	1
Trindade, AJ	1
Hirten, R	1
Slattery, E	1
Inamdar, S	1
Sejpal, DV	1
Lee, JY	1
Moon, IT	1
Lee, HY	1
Lee, HL	1
Han, DS	1
Cahoon, WD	1
Oswalt, AK	1
Francis, KE	1
Magee, LC	1
Lowe, DK	1
Vaduganathan, M	3
Hsieh, WH	3
Shook, TL	4
Ayub, A	1
Parkash, O	1
Naeem, B	1
Murtaza, D	1
Khan, AH	1
Jafri, W	1
Hamid, S	1
Zhang, ZF	1
Sha, WH	1
Tan, GY	1
Wang, QY	1
Raines, DL	1
Jex, KT	1
Nicaud, MJ	1
Adler, DG	1
García Rodríguez, LA	5
Martín-Pérez, M	1
Hennekens, CH	1
Rothwell, PM	1
Lee, PC	1
Yeh, CM	1
Hu, YW	1
Chen, CC	1
Liu, CJ	1
Su, CW	1
Huo, TI	1
Huang, YH	1
Chao, Y	1
Chen, TJ	1
Wu, JC	1
Atay, K	1
Himmelmann, A	1
Jackson, LR	1
Peterson, ED	1
McCoy, LA	1
Ju, C	1
Zettler, M	1
Baker, BA	1
Messenger, JC	1
Faries, DE	1
Effron, MB	1
Cohen, DJ	1
Wang, TY	1
Bykov, K	1
Schneeweiss, S	1
Donneyong, MM	1
Dong, YH	1
Choudhry, NK	1
Gagne, JJ	1
Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles, E	1
Quesada-Vázquez, N	1
Martínez-Andrés, B	1
Sánchez-Melgarejo, JF	1
Rubio-Mateos, JM	1
López-Higueras, A	1
Pérez-Cuadrado-Martínez, E	1
Zou, D	1
Goh, KL	2
Ng, FH	5
Lam, KF	3
Wong, SY	4
Chang, CM	4
Lau, YK	3
Yuen, WC	1
Chu, WM	3
Wong, BC	6
Chan, P	1
Kwanching, CP	1
Loo, CK	1
Cheung, TK	1
Kng, C	3
Ng, KM	1
Lai, ST	1
Fernández-Fernández, FJ	1
Ameneiros-Lago, E	1
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Scheiman, J	3
Abraham, NS	4
Antman, EM	3
Chan, FK	2
Furberg, CD	3
Mahaffey, KW	4
Quigley, EM	3
Harrington, RA	1
Bates, ER	1
Bridges, CR	1
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Ferrari, VA	1
Hlatky, MA	3
Kaul, S	1
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Moliterno, DJ	1
Mukherjee, D	1
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety Between Aspirin and Clopidogrel in the Atrial Fibrillation With Low or Moderate Stroke Risk[NCT02960126]	Phase 3	1,500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Not yet recruiting
Blood Flow Monitoring to Prevent Post-Polypectomy Induced Ulcer Bleeding.[NCT02875353]		235 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-02-15	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Parallel Group, Phase 3 Efficacy and Safety Study of CGT-2168 Compared With Clopidogrel to Reduce Upper Gastrointestinal Events Including Bleeding and Symptomatic Ulcer Disease[NCT00557921]	Phase 3	5,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2007-12-31	Terminated (stopped due to Terminated by Sponsor)
The TRANSLATE-ACS Study: Treatment With ADP Receptor Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events After Acute Coronary Syndrome[NCT01088503]		12,227 participants (Actual)	Observational	2010-03-31	Completed
Phase IV Study of Aspirin and Clopidogrel Therapy Tailored by Functional Thrombocyte Examination (PFA-100, LTA and VerifyNOW) in Acute Myocardial Infarction[NCT01381185]	Phase 4	154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Efficacy of H2 Receptor Antagonist in Prevention of Thienopyridine-related Peptic Ulcer[NCT02418312]		228 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Pantoprazole Versus Famotidine for the Prevention of Recurrent Peptic Ulcers in Thienopyridine Users - a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT02551744]		101 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
The Efficacy and Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitor ( in Patients With Moderate Bleeding Risk and Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary: A Randomised, Open ,Compared With Control[NCT05820048]	Phase 4	300 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Famotidine Compared With Esomeprazole in the Prevention of Ulcer Complications in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome or Myocardial Infarction[NCT00683111]	Phase 4	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-07-31	Completed
Aspirin Versus Aspirin + ClopidogRel as Antithrombotic Treatment Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With the Edwards Valve. A Randomized Study (the ARTE Trial)[NCT02640794]	Phase 4	222 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Data-driven Quality Improvement in Primary Care: Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial to Test the Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Intervention in Reducing High Risk Prescribing of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Antiplatelet Agents[NCT01425502]		33 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
Aspirin Versus Aspirin + ClopidogRel as Antithrombotic Treatment Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With the Edwards SAPIEN XT Valve. A Randomized Pilot Study (the ARTE Trial)[NCT01559298]	Phase 4	178 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University.[NCT02317445]		472 participants (Actual)	Observational	2008-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

The Duke CAD Index is a validated composite measure of angiographic burden, which assigns prognostic weights 1 through 100. Higher scores indicate greater angiographic burden and are associated with poorer prognosis. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Day 0 (study enrollment)

Factors Associated With Initial ADP Receptor Inhibitor Selection at Enrollment: Pre-Procedure Hemoglobin

Percentage of Participants With Definite or Probable Stent Thrombosis (ST) Events

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Prasugrel	40.36
Other	41.87

Intervention	grams/deciliter (g/dL) (Mean)
Prasugrel	14.59
Other	14

Academic Research Consortium (ARC) criteria were used to define ST. Definite ST is angiographic or pathologic confirmation of partial or total thrombotic occlusion within the peri-stent region, and at least 1 of the following additional criteria: acute ischemic symptoms; ischemic electrocardiogram changes; elevated cardiac biomarkers. Probable ST is any unexplained death within 30 days of stent implantation; any MI, which is related to documented acute ischemia in the territory of the implanted stent without angiographic confirmation of ST and in the absence of any other obvious cause. Events that occurred more than 7 days after medication was switched or discontinued were excluded from the analysis. Observed (unadjusted) percentages of participants with ST events are presented. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the percentage of participants with a definite or probable ST event. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Baseline through 15 months

Percentage of Participants With MACE and Who Had No Prior History of Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)/Stroke, Weigh ≥60 Kilograms (kg), and Are Age <75 Years

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Prasugrel	1.35
Clopidogrel	1.79

MACE is defined as a composite of all-cause death, MI, stroke, or unplanned coronary revascularization. Events that occurred more than 7 days after medication was switched or discontinued were excluded from the analysis. Observed (unadjusted) percentages of participants with MACE, as well as the statistical analyses adjusted for baseline cohort differences, are presented. Percentage of participant = (number of participants with events / number of participants treated) * 100. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Baseline through 12 months

Percentage of Participants With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE)

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Prasugrel	12.67
Clopidogrel	15.89

MACE is defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or unplanned coronary revascularization. Events that occurred more than 7 days after medication was switched or discontinued were excluded from the analysis. Observed (unadjusted) percentages of participants with MACE, as well as the statistical analyses adjusted for baseline cohort differences, are presented. Percentage of participants = (number of participants with events in 12 months/ number of participants treated) * 100. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Baseline through 12 months

Factors Associated With Initial Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) Receptor Inhibitor Selection at Enrollment

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Prasugrel	13.14
Clopidogrel	17.12

Factors are drug-eluting stent (DES) vs. bare metal stent (BMS) placement, other (no stent) vs. BMS, STEMI, other race, cardiogenic shock occurred within 24 hours, male, European Quality of Life Questionnaire-5 Dimension Health State Score (EQ-5D) - United States (US) Index =1 vs. <1, married, diabetes, and other vs. BMS placement. The EQ-5D US index is a participant-rated, health-related, quality-of-life instrument based on US population. Scores range from -0.11 to 1.0 with 1.0 = perfect health. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Day 0 (study enrollment)

Percentage of Participants With Cumulative Severe or Moderate Bleeding Events

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Received DES	Received only BMS	STEMI	Other Race (Non-Caucasian)	Cardiogenic Shock on Presentation	Male Participants	EQ-5D US index = 1 vs. <1	Married Participants	Participant has Diabetes	No BMS or DES
Other	6282	2491	4508	1049	176	6342	3873	5601	2472	331
Prasugrel	2365	672	1831	365	79	2451	1516	2044	767	86

Bleeding events were collected utilizing the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) definition of bleeding. Non-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)-related GUSTO severe or life-threatening bleeding is any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) OR any bleeding event resulting in substantial hemodynamic compromise requiring treatment. Non-CABG-related GUSTO moderate bleeding is any bleeding event resulting in the need for transfusion that is not considered a GUSTO severe or life-threatening bleed. Additional bleeding events are fatal bleeding or ICH, or any non -fatal surgical-related bleeding events leading to ≥4 units of red cell transfusion. Observed (unadjusted) percentages of participants with bleeding events, as well as the statistical analyses adjusted for baseline cohort differences, are presented. Percentage of participants = (number of participants with events / number of participants treated) * 100. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Baseline, 1, 6, 12 and 15 months

Percentage of Participants With MACE Over 1, 6 and 15 Months

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Baseline	1 month	6 months	12 months	15 months
Clopidogrel	0.45	1.62	2.77	3.86	4.21
Prasugrel	0.54	1.22	1.93	2.72	3.10

MACE is defined as a composite of all-cause death, MI, stroke, or unplanned coronary revascularization. Events that occurred more than 7 days after medication was switched or discontinued were excluded from the analysis. Observed (unadjusted) percentages of participants with MACE are presented. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the percentage of participants with a MACE event. (NCT01088503)
Timeframe: Baseline through 1, 6 and 15 months

Number of Participants With Healed Peptic Ulcer

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	1 month	6 months	15 months
Clopidogrel	5.40	12.04	19.13
Prasugrel	4.63	9.64	14.26

Follow-up endoscopy was performed at the end of the 6th month (NCT02418312)
Timeframe: 6 months

Number of Participants With Ulcer Recurrence

Intervention	participants (Number)
Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist Group	106
Placebo Group	101

Follow-up endoscopy was performed at the end of the 6th month (NCT02551744)
Timeframe: six month

Article	Year
A Primer on Bleeding Risk and Management Strategies of Newer Oral Anti Platelet Agents in Cardiovascular Disease. South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association, 2016, Volume: 69, Issue:10 Topics: Adenosine; Administration, Oral; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hem	2016
Endoscopic procedures in patients under clopidogrel/dual antiplatelet therapy: to do or not to do? Journal of gastrointestinal and liver diseases : JGLD, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Clopidogrel; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; G	2013
Proton pump inhibitors and potential interactions with clopidogrel: an update. Current gastroenterology reports, 2013, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Drug Interactions; Gastroi	2013
New anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents: a primer for the gastroenterologist. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2014, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Benzimidazoles; beta-Alanine; Blood Coagulation Factors; Cholangiopancreatography, E	2014
[Oral antiplatelet agents can still be used along with proton pump inhibitors in spite of drug interactions]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2013, Sep-09, Volume: 175, Issue:37 Topics: Adenosine; Administration, Oral; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Drug Interactions;	2013
Clopidogrel and Genotyping. The Journal of invasive cardiology, 2015, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastroint	2015
Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin for secondary stroke prevention. Current cardiology reports, 2015, Volume: 17, Issue:10 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhag	2015
Bleeding Risk with Long-Term Low-Dose Aspirin: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. PloS one, 2016, Volume: 11, Issue:8 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Databases, F	2016
Proton Pump Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Disease: Drug Interactions with Antiplatelet Drugs. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2017, Volume: 906 Topics: Adenosine; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Dosage	2017
East Asian perspective on the interaction between proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2017, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Anticoagulants; Asia, Eastern; Asian People; Aspirin; Clopi	2017
[Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding with aspirin and platelet antiaggregants]. Gastroenterologia y hepatologia, 2009, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal	2009
Management of patients with high gastrointestinal risk on antiplatelet therapy. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 2009, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Peptic Ulcer; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Pi	2009
Aggressive chronic platelet inhibition with prasugrel and increased cancer risks: revising oral antiplatelet regimens? Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 2009, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Colonic Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Piperazines;	2009
Proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel interaction: fact or fiction? The American journal of gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Drug Therap	2010
Proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel interaction: fact or fiction? The American journal of gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Drug Therap	2010
Proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel interaction: fact or fiction? The American journal of gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Drug Therap	2010
Proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel interaction: fact or fiction? The American journal of gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Drug Therap	2010
[Prevention of GI bleeding due to antiplatelet agents: a labyrinth!]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 2009, Volume: 38, Issue:12 Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Comb	2009
Gastrointestinal bleed with clopidogrel and aspirin. Indian journal of pediatrics, 2010, Volume: 77, Issue:1 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans;	2010
Current standings of the proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel co-therapy: review on an evolving field with the eyes of the gastroenterologist. Digestion, 2010, Volume: 81, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Dr	2010
Antiplatelet and antithrombotic treatment of patients with peripheral arterial disease. International angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology, 2010, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Disease Progression; Dose-Respo	2010
Proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel. Cardiovascular therapeutics, 2010, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Biotransformation; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Drug Intera	2010
Proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel: is it a significant drug interaction? Expert opinion on drug safety, 2010, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Blood Platelets; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Agents;	2010
[Antiplatelet therapy in coronary heart disease. Some problems and achivements]. Kardiologiia, 2010, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adenosine; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; A	2010
Proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel interaction: the case for watchful waiting. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2010, Volume: 25, Issue:8 Topics: Algorithms; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Evidence-Based Medicine; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hu	2010
Effect of proton pump inhibitors on clinical outcome in patients treated with clopidogrel: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 2010, Volume: 8, Issue:12 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal	2010
ACCF/ACG/AHA 2010 Expert Consensus Document on the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines: a focused update of the ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID Circulation, 2010, Dec-14, Volume: 122, Issue:24 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Dise	2010
Inhibition of the antithrombotic effects of clopidogrel by proton pump inhibitors: facts or fancies? European journal of internal medicine, 2010, Volume: 21, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platel	2010
ACCF/ACG/AHA 2010 expert consensus document on the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines: a focused update of the ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID The American journal of gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 105, Issue:12 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Dise	2010
Gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention. Digestion, 2011, Volume: 83, Issue:3 Topics: Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Intestine	2011
[Coronary heart disease - what is of importance after coronary intervention?]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2011, Volume: 136, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine; Aftercare; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary	2011
Proton pump inhibitors in rheumatic diseases: clinical practice, drug interactions, bone fractures and risk of infections. Reumatismo, 2011, Volume: 63, Issue:1 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Calcium, Dietary; Clopidogrel; Clostridioide	2011
Clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors: influence of pharmacological interactions on clinical outcomes and mechanistic explanations. JACC. Cardiovascular interventions, 2011, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Evidence-Based	2011
Interactions between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors: a review of evidence. Current medicinal chemistry, 2011, Volume: 18, Issue:16 Topics: Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Resistance; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggre	2011
Clopidogrel with proton pump inhibitors: safe or not? Clinical cardiology, 2011, Volume: 34, Issue:9 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platel	2011
[Interaction between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 2011, Volume: 155, Issue:28 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Drug Therap	2011
Anticipating and managing bleeding complications in patients with coronary stents who are receiving dual antiplatelet treatment. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2011, Jul-21, Volume: 343 Topics: Blood Component Transfusion; Catheters, Indwelling; Clopidogrel; Coagulants; Coronary Artery Disease	2011
The interaction between proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America, 2011, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platel	2011
Prescribing proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel together: current state of recommendations. Current opinion in gastroenterology, 2011, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemo	2011
Clopidogrel and PPI interaction: clinically relevant or not? Current cardiology reports, 2012, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	2012
Recent safety concerns with proton pump inhibitors. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2012, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fractures, Spontaneous; Gastrointestinal	2012
Inconsistencies surrounding the risk of adverse outcomes with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors. Expert opinion on drug safety, 2012, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Blood Platelets; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Evidence-Based Medicine; Gastrointestinal	2012
The clinical relevance of the clopidogrel-proton pump inhibitor interaction. Journal of cardiovascular translational research, 2012, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Drug Interactions; Evidence	2012
Optimal drug therapy after aspirin-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding. European journal of internal medicine, 2012, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Peptic Ulcer; Pl	2012
Clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors--where do we stand in 2012? World journal of gastroenterology, 2012, May-14, Volume: 18, Issue:18 Topics: Animals; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Biotransformation; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopido	2012
Reducing adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors. American family physician, 2012, Jul-01, Volume: 86, Issue:1 Topics: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Clopidogrel; Clostridioides difficile; Critical Care; Diarrhea; Drug Intera	2012
Drug interactions in the treatment of depression in patients with ischemic heart disease. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2012, Volume: 73, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Comorbidity; Cytoc	2012
Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage complicating antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and/or clopidogrel: where we are now? Platelets, 2006, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy,	2006
Does a coxib-associated thrombotic risk limit the clinical use of the compounds as analgesic, antiinflammatory drugs? Arguments against. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2006, Volume: 96, Issue:4 Topics: Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cl	2006
Does clopidogrel rather than aspirin plus a proton-pump inhibitor reduce the frequency of gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery? Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2007, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Aspirin; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicin	2007
Upper GI risks of NSAIDs and antiplatelet agents: key issues for the cardiologist. Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 2005, Volume: 6 Suppl 4 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Cardiology; Cardiovascular Dise	2005
Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia and quick recovery with G-CSF: case report and literature review. American journal of hematology, 2000, Volume: 63, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anemia, Aplastic; Aspirin; Bone Marrow Cells; Coronary Disease; Female; Gas	2000
[Acute gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with antithrombotic therapy]. Orvosi hetilap, 2002, Jan-27, Volume: 143, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Disease; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Coumarins; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Gastrointestinal He	2002

Article	Year
Time of Resumption of Antiplatelet Drugs After Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2022, Jul-23, Volume: 28 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggre	2022
Rationale and Design for a Randomized Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Aspirin and Clopidogrel in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Low Stroke Risk: CESAC-AF trial. Contemporary clinical trials, 2017, Volume: 60 Topics: Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscopy, Digestive System; G	2017
Effect of clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in patients with carotid artery stenting. The West Indian medical journal, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:2 Topics: Angiography; Aspirin; Breath Tests; Carotid Arteries; Carotid Stenosis; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactio	2013
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of rebamipide for gastric mucosal injury taking aspirin with or without clopidogrel. Digestive diseases and sciences, 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Alanine; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Double-Blind Method; Gastric Mucosa; Gastro	2014
The effects of proton pump inhibition on patient-reported severity of dyspepsia when receiving dual anti-platelet therapy with clopidogrel and low-dose aspirin: analysis from the Clopidogrel and the Optimization of Gastrointestinal Events Trial. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2015, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Clopidogrel; Double-Blind Method; Drug The	2015
Proton-Pump Inhibitors Reduce Gastrointestinal Events Regardless of Aspirin Dose in Patients Requiring Dual Antiplatelet Therapy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2016, Apr-12, Volume: 67, Issue:14 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyspepsia;	2016
Efficacy and Safety of Proton-Pump Inhibitors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Subsets of the COGENT Trial. The American journal of medicine, 2016, Volume: 129, Issue:9 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastr	2016
Bleeding risk associated with 1 year of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the Clopidogrel for the Reduction of Events During Observation (CREDO) trial. American heart journal, 2009, Volume: 157, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Therapy, C	2009
Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes: incidence, predictors, and clinical implications: analysis from the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy) trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2009, Sep-29, Volume: 54, Issue:14 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Age Factors; Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Anticoagulants; Clopidog	2009
Is gastroduodenal biopsy safe in patients receiving aspirin and clopidogrel?: a prospective, randomized study involving 630 biopsies. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2011, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aspirin; Biopsy; Clopidogrel; Duodenum; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Female; Gastrointestinal	2011
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Dru	2010
Esomeprazole compared with famotidine in the prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome or myocardial infarction. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2012, Volume: 107, Issue:3 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Chi-Square Distribution; Clopidogrel; Dou	2012
Effects of pantoprazole on dual antiplatelet therapy in stable angina pectoris patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2012, Volume: 64, Issue:2 Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Angina, Stable; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aspirin; Cl	2012
Evaluation of proton pump inhibitor use in patients with acute coronary syndromes based on risk factors for gastrointestinal bleed. Critical pathways in cardiology, 2007, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Female; Fibrinolytic Agents; Gastrointestinal H	2007
Effect of clopidogrel on naproxen-induced gastrointestinal blood loss in healthy volunteers. Drug metabolism and drug interactions, 1998, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bleeding Time; Clopidogrel; Double-Blind Method; Dru	1998

Article	Year
Risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cerebral infarction after dual antiplatelet therapy. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 2023, Volume: 231 Topics: Aspirin; Cerebral Infarction; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; H	2023
Double Trouble: Reducing Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to DAPT Following Acute Coronary Syndromes. Digestive diseases and sciences, 2021, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhi	2021
Risk of postpolypectomy bleeding in patients taking direct oral anticoagulants or clopidogrel. Scientific reports, 2021, 01-29, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Anticoagulants; Clopidogrel; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Female; Gastro	2021
The risk of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in low-dose aspirin users. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2017, Volume: 45, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Case-Control Studi	2017
Impact of Double Loading Regimen of Clopidogrel on Final Angiographic Results, Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with STEMI Undergoing Primary Coronary Intervention. International heart journal, 2017, Oct-21, Volume: 58, Issue:5 Topics: Clopidogrel; Coronary Angiography; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gast	2017
Risk factors for postpolypectomy bleeding in patients receiving anticoagulation or antiplatelet medications. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2018, Volume: 87, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Case-Control Studies; Clopidogrel; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Color	2018
Etiology of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy. Journal of digestive diseases, 2018, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophageal and G	2018
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug choice and adverse outcomes in clopidogrel users: A retrospective cohort study. PloS one, 2018, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Brain Ischemia;	2018
Is proton pump inhibitors' prophylaxis indicated for patients on antiplatelet therapy? Internal and emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Aspirin; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet	2018
[Gastrointestinal bleeding after treatment with ticagrelor]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2013, Mar-11, Volume: 175, Issue:11 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adenosine; Aged; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Bypass; Female; Gastrointesti	2013
Prophylactic effect of egualen sodium, a stable azulene derivative, on gastrointestinal damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion, double antiplatelet therapy and loxoprofen in rats. Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society, 2013, Volume: 64, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Azulenes; Benzoquinones; Clopidogrel; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2013
Proton-pump inhibitors can decrease gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention. Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology, 2013, Volume: 37, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Age Factors; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Angina, Stable; Aspirin; Case-Control	2013
Comparative effect of clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone on laboratory parameters: a retrospective, observational, cohort study. Cardiovascular diabetology, 2013, Jun-14, Volume: 12 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Biomarkers; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gastro	2013
Gastrointestinal adverse events after dual antiplatelet therapy: clopidogrel is safer than ticagrelor, but prasugrel data are lacking or inconclusive. Cardiology, 2013, Volume: 126, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adenosine; Aspirin; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Clinical Trials	2013
Provision of gastroprotective medication and bleeding risk following acute coronary syndrome. The Journal of invasive cardiology, 2013, Volume: 25, Issue:8 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2013
The postoperative bleeding rate and its risk factors in patients on antithrombotic therapy who undergo gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection. BMC gastroenterology, 2013, Sep-06, Volume: 13 Topics: Adenoma; Aged; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Carcinoma; Case-Control Studies; Clopidog	2013
Endoscopic biopsy on patients taking antiplatelet agents: how much do we follow BSG, ASGE or ESGE guidelines? Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 2014, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Aspirin; Biopsy; Clopidogrel; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Phys	2014
Risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding in clopidogrel users: a nationwide population-based study. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2013, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Da	2013
Diagnoses of gastrointestinal cancers after gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving clopidogrel or warfarin. Current drug safety, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Gas	2013
Risk factors for acute gastrointestinal bleeding following myocardial infarction in veteran patients who are prescribed clopidogrel. Journal of digestive diseases, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Disease; Age Factors; Aged; Anticoagulants; Chronic Disease; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointest	2014
A novel approach to assess the spontaneous gastrointestinal bleeding risk of antithrombotic agents using Apc(min/+) mice. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2014, Volume: 111, Issue:6 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Clopidogrel; Dabigatran; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluati	2014
Analysis of gastrointestinal prophylaxis in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. Journal of managed care pharmacy : JMCP, 2014, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gastrointestinal H	2014
Spontaneous omental bleeding in the setting of dual anti-platelet therapy with ticagrelor. Heart, lung & circulation, 2014, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine; Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Myocardial Infarct	2014
Does rebamipide prevent gastric mucosal injury in patients taking aspirin and clopidogrel? Digestive diseases and sciences, 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:8 Topics: Alanine; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Platele	2014
Prognosis of concomitant users of clopidogrel and proton-pump inhibitors in a high-risk population for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2014, Apr-15, Volume: 15 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Drug Interactions; Fe	2014
Successful treatment of bleeding large duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumour in a patient under dual antiplatelet therapy after recent drug-eluting coronary stent implantation. BMJ case reports, 2014, Apr-28, Volume: 2014 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Benzamides; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Clopidogrel; Coronary Stenosis; Drug-Eluting Sten	2014
Proton-pump inhibitors in patients requiring antiplatelet therapy: new FDA labeling. Postgraduate medicine, 2014, Volume: 126, Issue:3 Topics: Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Drug Antagonism; Drug	2014
Lower GI bleeding risk of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antiplatelet drug use alone and the effect of combined therapy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2014, Volume: 80, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Case-Control Studies; Clopidogrel; Colonic D	2014
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding associated with diclofenac topical patch in a patient with colonic mass and on antiplatelet therapy for atrial fibrillation. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 2014, Volume: 93, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Atrial Fibrillation; Clopidogrel; Colonic Neoplasms;	2014
[Clinical impact of dual antiplatelet therapy on peptic ulcer disease]. The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi, 2014, Volume: 64, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary Angiography; Coronary	2014
Patterns of Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients Who Have Experienced an Acute Coronary Event: A Descriptive Study in UK Primary Care. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics, 2015, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Foll	2015
Assessment of risk of late rectal bleeding for patients with prostate cancer started on anticoagulation before or after radiation treatment. Anticancer research, 2014, Volume: 34, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans;	2014
Effect of rebamipide on gastric bleeding and ulcerogenic responses induced by aspirin plus clopidogrel under stimulation of acid secretion in rats. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2014, Volume: 29 Suppl 4 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Disease Models, Animal; Gastric Acid; Gas	2014
Effect of proton-pump inhibitors on the risk of lower gastrointestinal bleeding associated with NSAIDs, aspirin, clopidogrel, and warfarin. Journal of gastroenterology, 2015, Volume: 50, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Case-Control Studies;	2015
Analysis of the Interaction between Clopidogrel, Aspirin, and Proton Pump Inhibitors Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2015, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Comb	2015
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of solid lesions on clopidogrel may not be a high-risk procedure for bleeding: A case series. Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, 2016, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Clopidogrel; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal;	2016
Successful Management of Recurrent Colon Ulcer in Hemodialysis Patient after Conversion to Peritoneal Dialysis. The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi, 2015, Volume: 66, Issue:6 Topics: Aspirin; Colon; Colonic Diseases; Colonoscopy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhag	2015
Cangrelor Bridge Therapy for Gastroduodenal Biopsy. Journal of pharmacy practice, 2017, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Administration, Intravenous; Biopsy; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointestinal	2017
Proton pump inhibitors and other disease-based factors in the recurrence of adverse cardiovascular events following percutaneous coronary angiography: A long-term cohort. Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 2016, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Drug Combinations; Female; Foll	2016
[The incidence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in south China]. Zhonghua nei ke za zhi, 2016, Volume: 55, Issue:6 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; China; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Femal	2016
Pharmacologic provocation combined with endoscopy in refractory cases of GI bleeding. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2017, Volume: 85, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Balloon Enteroscopy; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointestinal	2017
Antiplatelet Therapy is Associated with a Better Prognosis for Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Resection. Annals of surgical oncology, 2016, Volume: 23, Issue:Suppl 5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aspirin; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Clopidogrel; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Gastroi	2016
High Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding on Dual Antiplatelet Treatment. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2016, 08-30, Volume: 68, Issue:9 Topics: Aspirin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibi	2016
Reply: High Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding on Dual Antiplatelet Treatment. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2016, 08-30, Volume: 68, Issue:9 Topics: Aspirin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibi	2016
Risk of bleeding after hospitalization for a serious coronary event: a retrospective cohort study with nested case-control analyses. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2016, 08-30, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clopidogrel; Confidence Intervals; Coronary A	2016
Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use on the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Prasugrel Versus Clopidogrel: Insights From the Treatment With Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events After Acu Journal of the American Heart Association, 2016, 10-21, Volume: 5, Issue:10 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aftercare; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Comparative Effectiv	2016
Mortality in patients who discontinue low-dose acetylsalicylic acid therapy after upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2017, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cohort S	2017
Impact of an Interaction Between Clopidogrel and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. The American journal of cardiology, 2017, 02-15, Volume: 119, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors; Databas	2017
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced small bowel enteropathy and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterologia y hepatologia, 2018, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Aspirin; Capsule Endoscopy; Case-Control Studies	2018
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with aspirin and clopidogrel co-therapy. Digestion, 2008, Volume: 77, Issue:3-4 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	2008
Management and outcome of peptic ulcers or erosions in patients receiving a combination of aspirin plus clopidogrel. Journal of gastroenterology, 2008, Volume: 43, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary Disease; Female; Gastr	2008
[Upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with clopidogrel and paroxetine]. Medicina clinica, 2008, Sep-20, Volume: 131, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Paroxetine; Platelet Aggregation Inhib	2008
Colonic carcinoma unmasked by dual antiplatelet therapy. European journal of internal medicine, 2008, Volume: 19, Issue:7 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Incidental Fin	2008
ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2008, Oct-28, Volume: 52, Issue:18 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combina	2008
Bleeding risks with combination of oral anticoagulation plus antiplatelet therapy: is clopidogrel any safer than aspirin when combined with warfarin? Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2008, Volume: 100, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Blood Coagulation; Clopidogrel; Coumarins; Dipyridamo	2008
Effect of oral antiplatelet agents on major bleeding in users of coumarins. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2008, Volume: 100, Issue:6 Topics: Acenocoumarol; Administration, Oral; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Blood Coagula	2008
Proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel - hazardous drug interaction or hazardous interpretation of data? Canadian journal of gastroenterology = Journal canadien de gastroenterologie, 2009, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Drug Interac	2009
Proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel: a difficult dilemma. American heart journal, 2009, Volume: 157, Issue:6 Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage	2009
Antiplatelet therapy: Clopidogrel plus PPIs-a dangerous combination? Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2009, Volume: 6, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platel	2009
Adverse outcomes associated with use of proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel. JAMA, 2009, Jul-01, Volume: 302, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhi	2009
Aspirin for heart attack, stroke prevention. When benefits outweigh risks: four new studies help clarify who should--and who shouldn't--take the drug. DukeMedicine healthnews, 2009, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Contraindications; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gastr	2009
Gastroprotective strategy in aspirin users. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2009, Volume: 72, Issue:7 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hum	2009
Co-prescription of gastro-protectants in hospitalized patients: an analysis of what we do and what we think we do. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2010, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Attitude of Health Personnel; Clopidogrel; Data Collection; Female	2010
Predictive value of post-treatment platelet reactivity for occurrence of post-discharge bleeding after non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Shifting from antiplatelet resistance to bleeding risk assessment? EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 2009, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Arachidonic Acid; Aspirin; Biomarkers; Cell Ad	2009
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2009, Volume: 48, Issue:19 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aspirin; Cilostazol; Clopidogrel; Co	2009
A comparison of aspirin and clopidogrel with or without proton pump inhibitors for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients at high risk for gastrointestinal bleeding. Clinical therapeutics, 2009, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Databases, Factual; Drug Cos	2009
Risk and benefit of proton pump inhibitor for patients undergoing anti-platelet therapy including clopidogrel. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2009, Volume: 48, Issue:21 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Clopidogrel; Coronary Restenosis; Drug Ther	2009
Potential Interaction between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors. American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions, 2009, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Clopidogrel; Coronary Thrombosis; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combinat	2009
Clinical trial update II: TRITON-TIMI 38 provides reassurance on concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines. European heart journal, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:23 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointes	2009
Fecal occult blood test in patients on low-dose aspirin, warfarin, clopidogrel, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Digestive diseases and sciences, 2010, Volume: 55, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Colonic Neoplas	2010
Relation of proton pump inhibitor use after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents to outcomes. The American journal of cardiology, 2010, Mar-15, Volume: 105, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug-Eluting Stents; Female; Gastrointes	2010
Postpolypectomy bleeding in patients undergoing colonoscopy on uninterrupted clopidogrel therapy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2010, Volume: 71, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Clopidogrel; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Logisti	2010
Outcomes with concurrent use of clopidogrel and proton-pump inhibitors: a cohort study. Annals of internal medicine, 2010, Mar-16, Volume: 152, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female	2010
Propensity score adjustment with multilevel data: setting your sites on decreasing selection bias. Annals of internal medicine, 2010, Mar-16, Volume: 152, Issue:6 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Drug Therapy, Combination; G	2010
Probing the occult: testing for blood in the stools. Digestive diseases and sciences, 2010, Volume: 55, Issue:6 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Colonic Neoplasms; Co	2010
PPI use in patients commenced on clopidogrel: a retrospective cross-sectional evaluation. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug	2010
Withdrawal of clopidogrel in active gastric bleeding. Annals of internal medicine, 2010, May-18, Volume: 152, Issue:10 Topics: Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhag	2010
Cardiovascular and gastrointestinal events of three antiplatelet therapies: clopidogrel, clopidogrel plus proton-pump inhibitors, and aspirin plus proton-pump inhibitors in patients with previous gastrointestinal bleeding. Journal of gastroenterology, 2011, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Dru	2011
[Does dual antiplatelet therapy always require gastroprotection? Tailored medical therapy should prevail over the generalized prescription of proton pump inhibitors in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy]. Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006), 2010, Volume: 11, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug-Eluting Stents; Elect	2010
Interaction of clopidogrel and omeprazole. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Nov-11, Volume: 363, Issue:20 Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Comb	2010
Combination of low-dose aspirin and thienopyridine exacerbates small bowel injury. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2011, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Capsule Endoscopy; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	2011
[Efficacy and safety of concomitant use of rabeprazole during dual-antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin after drug-eluting stent implantation: a retrospective cohort study]. Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2010, Volume: 130, Issue:12 Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Aged; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Aspirin; Clopidogrel;	2010
Upper digestive bleeding due to Dieulafoy´s lesion during the postoperative period of aortocoronary bypass surgery in a patient treated with clopidogrel. Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 2010, Volume: 102, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Arterioles; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Bypass; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Pl	2010
In brief: Clopidogrel and omeprazole. The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics, 2010, Nov-29, Volume: 52, Issue:1352 Topics: Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Clopidogrel; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Drug Interactions; Gastrointes	2010
One-year clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors: results from a regional cohort study. Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.), 2012, Volume: 13, Issue:12 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chi-Square Distribution; Clopidogrel; Drug Interac	2012
Antiplatelet agents do not impact the hospital course in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2011, Volume: 45, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohor	2011
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2011, 02-17, Volume: 364, Issue:7 Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Clopido	2011
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary disease. The New England journal of medicine, 2011, 02-17, Volume: 364, Issue:7 Topics: Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointest	2011
Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with low-dose acetylsalicylic acid alone and in combination with clopidogrel and other medications. Circulation, 2011, Mar-15, Volume: 123, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; An	2011
Optimal timing of anticoagulation pre- and post-colonoscopy with polypectomy. Techniques in coloproctology, 2011, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrha	2011
Acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in an elderly woman taking aspirin and clopidogrel. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2011, Volume: 9, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibi	2011
[Does combination therapy of aspirin plus antiplatelet therapy increase the risk of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage?]. The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug-Eluting Stents; Endos	2011
[The effect of aspirin alone or aspirin plus additional antiplatelets therapy on upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage]. The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug-Eluting Stents;	2011
Gastrointestinal bleeding and outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2011, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemor	2011
The prevalence of co-administration of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors. Quality in primary care, 2011, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, C	2011
Bleeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is linked to serotonin reuptake inhibitors, not aspirin or clopidogrel. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2011, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Gastrointe	2011
[Clinical importance of the clopidogrel - omeprazole interaction: a question to solve]. Atencion primaria, 2012, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: Clopidogrel; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hu	2012
Response to clopidogrel with proton pump inhibitors: safe or not? Clinical cardiology, 2011, Volume: 34, Issue:11 Topics: Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Proton Pump	2011
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding: an 86-year-old woman with peptic ulcer disease. JAMA, 2011, Dec-07, Volume: 306, Issue:21 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Clopidogrel; Drug Interaction	2011
Coronary artery stents and antiplatelet therapy in patients with cirrhosis. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2012, Volume: 46, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Fatty Liver; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroi	2012
Risk of bleeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). Digestive diseases and sciences, 2012, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Anticoagulants; Clopidogrel; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Gastroscopy; Gastrostomy; Hu	2012
Bleeding complications in primary percutaneous coronary intervention of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a radial center. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions, 2012, Jan-01, Volume: 79, Issue:1 Topics: Abciximab; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Clopidog	2012
Effect of individual proton pump inhibitors on cardiovascular events in patients treated with clopidogrel following coronary stenting: results from the Ibaraki Cardiac Assessment Study Registry. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 80, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Chi-Square Distribution; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Drug Interactions; Female; Gast	2012
New look at antiplatelet agent-related peptic ulcer: an update of prevention and treatment. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2012, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Helic	2012
Predictors and time trends in clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitor coprescription with low-dose acetylsalicylic acid. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2012, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clopidogrel; D	2012
[Aspirin response and related factors in aged patients]. Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi, 2011, Volume: 39, Issue:10 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arachidonic Acid; Aspirin; Coronary Artery Disease	2011
A new model of gastric bleeding induced in rats by aspirin plus clopidogrel under stimulation of acid secretion. Prophylactic effects of antiulcer drugs. Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society, 2012, Volume: 63, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Famotidine; Gastric Acid; Gastr	2012
Gastrointestinal bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy in the elderly in Japan. Hepato-gastroenterology, 2012, Volume: 59, Issue:115 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; Aspirin; Chi-Square Distribut	2012
Individualised PPI prescription in patients on combination antiplatelet therapy and upper gastrointestinal events after percutaneous coronary intervention: a cohort study. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2012, Volume: 162, Issue:3-4 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Aged; Ang	2012
Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2012, Jun-13, Volume: 344 Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspir	2012
Combining aspirin and proton pump inhibitors: for whom the warning bell tolls? Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology, 2012, Volume: 8, Issue:9 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hum	2012
Gastrointestinal events with clopidogrel: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Journal of general internal medicine, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru	2013
Successful resection of complicated bleeding arteriovenous malformation of the jejunum in patients starting dual-antiplatelet therapy just after implanting a drug-eluting coronary stent. BMJ case reports, 2012, Sep-24, Volume: 2012 Topics: Arteriovenous Malformations; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug-Eluting Stents; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2012
Statements of the Malaysian Society of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and the National Heart Association of Malaysia task force 2012 working party on the use of antiplatelet therapy and proton pump inhibitors in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding. Journal of digestive diseases, 2013, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Interactions; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Human	2013
Upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients receiving clopidogrel anti-platelet therapy. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi, 2012, Volume: 111, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Female; Gastrointestinal	2012
Risk factors for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in coronary artery disease patients receiving both aspirin and clopidogrel. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2013, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Coronary Artery Disease; Female; Gastrointestinal Hem	2013
High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2003, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2003
High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2003, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2003
High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2003, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2003
High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2003, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2003
Risk of colonoscopic polypectomy bleeding with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents: analysis of 1657 cases. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2004, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anticoagulants; Clopidogrel; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	2004
Clopidogrel versus aspirin and esomeprazole to prevent recurrent bleeding. The New England journal of medicine, 2005, Apr-21, Volume: 352, Issue:16 Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastroi	2005
Study for determination of the optimal cessation period of therapy with anti-platelet agents prior to invasive endoscopic procedures. Journal of gastroenterology, 2005, Volume: 40, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aspirin; Bleeding Time; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration	2005
[Clopidogrel and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2005, Aug-15, Volume: 167, Issue:33 Topics: Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Practice	2005
Upper gastrointestinal mucosal abnormalities and blood loss complicating low-dose aspirin and antithrombotic therapy. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2006, Feb-15, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Dipyrida	2006
Clopidogrel and metoprolol in myocardial infarction. Lancet (London, England), 2006, Mar-11, Volume: 367, Issue:9513 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans;	2006
Increased use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in patients admitted with gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a multicentre retrospective analysis. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2006, Apr-01, Volume: 23, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Black or African American; B	2006
[Antiplatelet therapy after aspirin-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 2006, Nov-02, Volume: 126, Issue:21 Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combinatio	2006
[Platelet inhibition and gastric problems]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 2007, Jan-04, Volume: 127, Issue:1 Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hum	2007
[Clinically manifest gastrointestinal bleeding in patients subject to coronary angiography]. Vnitrni lekarstvi, 2007, Volume: 53, Issue:2 Topics: Abciximab; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Anticoagulants; Clopidogrel; Coro	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Drug drug interactions between antithrombotic medications and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 177, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2007
Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving a combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, and enoxaparin in acute coronary syndrome. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2008, Volume: 103, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Drug	2008
Portal vein thrombosis associated with coronary artery bypass surgery. The Journal of cardiovascular surgery, 2008, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Bacteremia; Clopidogrel; Coagulase; Coronary Artery Bypass; Esophageal and Gastric Va	2008
Combined antithrombotic therapy. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2008, Jan-29, Volume: 178, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants;	2008
Management of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage complicating dual anti-platelet therapy. QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians, 2008, Volume: 101, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Blood Transfusion; Clopidogrel; Coronary Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscop	2008
Single antiplatelet therapy for patients with previous gastrointestinal bleeds. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2008, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clopidogrel; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gastrointest	2008
Gastro-intestinal haemorrhage risks of selective serotonin receptor antagonist therapy: a new look. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2008, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Antidepressive Agents; Case-Control Studies; Clopidogrel; D	2008
[Effect of ticlopidine in the prevention of recurrences of cerebral ischemic accidents: comparative study with dipyridamol]. Medicina clinica, 1984, Jan-21, Volume: 82, Issue:2 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Dipyridamole; Drug Evaluation; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Re	1984
Cost-effectiveness of ticlopidine in preventing stroke in high-risk patients. Stroke, 1994, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aspirin; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cohort Studies; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Support Te	1994
Short-term inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by clopidogrel ameliorates radiation-induced toxicity in rat small intestine. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2002, Volume: 87, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Clopidogrel; Collagen; Endothelium, Vascular;	2002

Intervention	participants (Number)
Proton Pump Inhibitor Group	1
Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonist Group	7

ticlopidine and Hematochezia