Page last updated: 2024-11-07

thyroxine and Puerperal Disorders

thyroxine has been researched along with Puerperal Disorders in 79 studies

Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.

Puerperal Disorders: Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"In 35 infants of lactating mothers with thyrotoxicosis who were receiving 5 to 20 mg methimazole daily, serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyrotropin were within normal ranges 1 month after the start of breast-feeding."7.69Effect of methimazole treatment of maternal thyrotoxicosis on thyroid function in breast-feeding infants. ( Azizi, F, 1996)
"Seventy-eight patients with Graves' disease had been treated with MMI for 1-3 yr before pregnancy, and MMI was discontinued 5-6 months after the onset of pregnancy because the levels of antibodies to TSH receptors decreased during early pregnancy."5.28Effect of administration of thyroxine on the risk of postpartum recurrence of hyperthyroid Graves' disease. ( Hashizume, K; Ichikawa, K; Kobayashi, M; Miyamoto, T; Nishii, Y; Sakurai, A; Suzuki, S; Takeda, T, 1992)
" In contrast, subclinical hypothyroidism seems to improve with thyroxine treatment."4.85[Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy. Working Group on Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction of the Spanish Endocrinology Society]. ( Alonso Pedrol, N; Cantón Blanco, A; Corrales Hernández, JJ; Galofré Ferrater, JC; Lajo Morales, T; Pérez Corral, B; Pérez Pérez, A; Tortosa Henzi, F, 2009)
"Overt hypothyroidism is always an indication for substitution with levothyroxine."4.83[Subclinical hypothyroidism--what level of TSH is an indication for substitution?]. ( Janssen, OE; Mann, K, 2006)
" Subsequent treatment of borderline hypothyroidism with levothyroxine brought about a dramatic improvement in frequency of both the aura and the headache."3.71Daily migraine with visual aura associated with an occipital arteriovenous malformation. ( Spierings, EL, 2001)
"In women with hypothyroidism, levothyroxine (LT) requirements after delivery are assumed to return to prepregnancy values."3.70Postpartum thyroiditis in women with hypothyroidism antedating pregnancy? ( Albareda, M; Caixàs, A; Corcoy, R; de Leiva, A; García-Patterson, A; Rodríguez-Espinosa, J, 1999)
"In 35 infants of lactating mothers with thyrotoxicosis who were receiving 5 to 20 mg methimazole daily, serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyrotropin were within normal ranges 1 month after the start of breast-feeding."3.69Effect of methimazole treatment of maternal thyrotoxicosis on thyroid function in breast-feeding infants. ( Azizi, F, 1996)
" Free T4 (thyroxine), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TPO-Abs, and HbA1c were assayed before gestation; during the first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy; and 3 months postpartum."3.69Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies predict poor metabolic control and need for thyroid treatment in pregnant IDDM women. ( Escobar-Jiménez, F; Fernandez-Soto, L; Gonzalez, A; Lobón, JA; Lopez, JA; Peterson, CM, 1997)
" We have seen transient increases in total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine index (FTI), free thyroxine (FT4), and total triiodothyronine (TT3) in 12 women and 3 men with subacute thyroiditis and 2 women with painless (silent) postpartum thyroiditis."3.68[Elevated thyroid hormone levels in the absence of hyperactivity]. ( Feigl, D; Nakash, I; Tuval, M, 1992)
"Plasma total thyroxine (TT4) and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured in 23 women with hyperemesis gravidarum at presentation, on average at about 10 weeks, in the second trimester, and before delivery."3.67Thyroxine concentration and outcome of hyperemetic pregnancies. ( Chin, RK; Lao, TT, 1988)
"Two patients with post-partum transient thyrotoxicosis associated with painless thyroiditis and low radioactive iodine uptake were described."3.66Post-partum transient thyrotoxicosis: report of two cases. ( Imura, H; Inada, M; Kurata, S; Nishikawa, M; Oishi, M, 1979)
"Postpartum psychosis is a life-threatening psychiatric emergency, which often occurs without significant premorbid symptoms."1.37Prevalence of autoimmune thyroid dysfunction in postpartum psychosis. ( Bergink, V; Drexhage, HA; Drexhage, RC; Kuijpens, H; Kushner, SA; Lambregtse-van den Berg, MP; Nolen, WA; Pop, V; Wiersinga, W, 2011)
"Post-partum thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease may be treated with radioiodine but it requires radiation safety measurements for infant and is contraindicated if the mother is breast-feeding."1.33Treatment of post-partum thyrotoxicosis. ( Azizi, F, 2006)
"Of factors predicting recurrence of hypothyroidism, only age, and serum TSH and T3 concentrations at the time of occurrence of PPTD entered the model in multiple stepwise regression analysis."1.32Age as a predictor of recurrent hypothyroidism in patients with post-partum thyroid dysfunction. ( Azizi, F, 2004)
"The prevalence of postpartum recurrence or exacerbation of GH within 1 year after delivery was examined."1.31Postpartum recurrence of Graves' hyperthyroidism can be prevented by the continuation of antithyroid drugs during pregnancy. ( Hoshikawa, S; Ito, S; Mori, K; Nakagawa, Y; Yamamoto, M; Yoshida, K, 2002)
"Central hypothyroidism is one of the limitations of the use of sensitive TSH assays as first line screen in evaluating thyroid function."1.30[TSH determination in central hypothyroidism]. ( Bakiri, F, 1999)
"Hypothyroidism was suspected and confirmed biochemically."1.29A patient with postpartum primary hypothyroidism and acquired von Willebrand's disease. ( Harthoorn-Lasthuizen, EJ; Koolen, MI; Kurstjens, RM; Tjan-Heijnen, VC, 1994)
"Seventy-eight patients with Graves' disease had been treated with MMI for 1-3 yr before pregnancy, and MMI was discontinued 5-6 months after the onset of pregnancy because the levels of antibodies to TSH receptors decreased during early pregnancy."1.28Effect of administration of thyroxine on the risk of postpartum recurrence of hyperthyroid Graves' disease. ( Hashizume, K; Ichikawa, K; Kobayashi, M; Miyamoto, T; Nishii, Y; Sakurai, A; Suzuki, S; Takeda, T, 1992)
"Normal pregnancy was principally characterized by decreased CD4+ T-cells and increasing CD8+ T-cells, causing a significant fall in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in late pregnancy and into the postpartum period."1.28A prospective study of lymphocyte-initiated immunosuppression in normal pregnancy: evidence of a T-cell etiology for postpartum thyroid dysfunction. ( Cobin, RH; Davies, TF; el-Harazy, E; Roman, SH; Stagnaro-Green, A; Wallenstein, S, 1992)
"An 18-year-old woman developed postpartum hypopituitarism, presenting with personality and behavioral changes caused by severe hypoglycemia."1.28Postpartum hypopituitarism with preservation of the pituitary-ovarian axis. ( Ober, KP, 1990)
"Hyperthyroidism is generally considered to be ameliorated during pregnancy, and there appears to be a high incidence of postpartum exacerbation."1.26The possible relation between postpartum exacerbation of hyperthyroidism and neonatal thyrotoxicosis. ( Petersen, S; Serup, J, 1977)

Research

Studies (79)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199025 (31.65)18.7374
1990's31 (39.24)18.2507
2000's17 (21.52)29.6817
2010's5 (6.33)24.3611
2020's1 (1.27)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Gao, X1
Wang, X1
Han, Y1
Wang, H2
Li, J1
Hou, Y1
Yang, Y1
Teng, W1
Shan, Z1
Nguyen, CT1
Mestman, JH1
Caron, P1
Galofré Ferrater, JC1
Corrales Hernández, JJ1
Pérez Corral, B1
Cantón Blanco, A1
Alonso Pedrol, N1
Pérez Pérez, A1
Lajo Morales, T1
Tortosa Henzi, F1
Mayr, J1
Kohlfürst, S1
Gallowitsch, HJ1
Lind, P1
Mikosch, P1
Bergink, V1
Kushner, SA1
Pop, V1
Kuijpens, H1
Lambregtse-van den Berg, MP1
Drexhage, RC1
Wiersinga, W1
Nolen, WA1
Drexhage, HA2
Negro, R1
Nakagawa, Y1
Mori, K1
Hoshikawa, S1
Yamamoto, M1
Ito, S1
Yoshida, K1
Hauerová, D1
Pikner, R1
Topolcan, O1
Mrázová, D1
Holubec, L1
Pecen, L1
Azizi, F5
FREY, HM1
Mann, K1
Janssen, OE1
Fink, HJ1
Hintze, G1
Sopena Bert, E1
Valentí Moreno, V1
Corcoy Pla, R1
Lazarus, JH6
Kaklamanou, M1
Suzuki, H1
Hiraiwa, M1
Suzuki, Y1
Sugama, N1
Shimoda, S1
van der Spuy, ZM1
Jacobs, HS1
Jansson, R2
Forberg, R1
Levin, K1
Amino, N4
Mori, H1
Iwatani, Y1
Tanizawa, O1
Kawashima, M1
Tsuge, I1
Ibaragi, K1
Kumahara, Y3
Miyai, K3
Driscoll, GL1
Smith, HC1
Hidaka, Y1
Nishi, I1
Tamaki, H1
Takeoka, K1
Tada, H1
Mitsuda, N1
Parkes, AB3
Black, EG1
Adams, H1
John, R1
Richards, CJ2
Hall, R3
Bakri, YN1
Bakhashwain, M1
Hugosson, C1
Tjan-Heijnen, VC1
Harthoorn-Lasthuizen, EJ1
Kurstjens, RM1
Koolen, MI1
Mak, R1
Gerber, P1
Persad, E1
Woeber, KA1
Charkes, ND1
Browne-Martin, K1
Emerson, CH1
Fernandez-Soto, L1
Gonzalez, A1
Lobón, JA1
Lopez, JA1
Peterson, CM1
Escobar-Jiménez, F1
Kuijpens, JL1
De Hann-Meulman, M1
Vader, HL1
Pop, VJ1
Wiersinga, WM1
Shorey, S1
Badenhoop, K1
Walfish, PG2
García-Mayor, RV1
Cordido, F1
Valle-Inclán, F1
Lage, M1
Tomé, MA1
Casanueva, FF1
Caixàs, A1
Albareda, M1
García-Patterson, A1
Rodríguez-Espinosa, J1
de Leiva, A1
Corcoy, R1
Bakiri, F1
Kokandi, A1
Sakaihara, M1
Yamada, H1
Kato, EH1
Ebina, Y1
Shimada, S1
Kobashi, G1
Fukushi, M1
Fujimoto, S1
Furlanetto, TW1
Premaor, MO1
Caramori, ML1
Frantz, BC1
Patta, GZ1
Tatto, E1
Vaz, AG1
Spierings, EL1
Stuckey, BG1
Kent, GN1
Allen, JR1
Shahbazian, HB1
Sarvghadi, F1
Chen, YT1
Khoo, DH1
Ginsberg, J1
Yabu, Y2
Fujie, T1
Azukizawa, M1
Onishi, T1
Kuro, R1
Inada, M1
Nishikawa, M1
Oishi, M1
Kurata, S1
Imura, H1
Serup, J1
Petersen, S1
Postellon, DC1
Bevan, JS1
Othman, S2
Kelestimur, F1
Burrow, GN1
Feigl, D1
Tuval, M1
Nakash, I1
Hashizume, K1
Ichikawa, K1
Nishii, Y1
Kobayashi, M1
Sakurai, A1
Miyamoto, T1
Suzuki, S1
Takeda, T1
Roti, E1
Minelli, R1
Gardini, E1
Bianconi, L1
Neri, T1
Gavaruzzi, G1
Ugolotti, G1
Salvo, D1
Braverman, LE1
Glinoer, D1
Lemone, M1
Bourdoux, P1
De Nayer, P1
DeLange, F1
Kinthaert, J1
LeJeune, B1
Stagnaro-Green, A1
Roman, SH1
Cobin, RH1
el-Harazy, E1
Wallenstein, S1
Davies, TF2
Ober, KP1
Wilson, R1
McKillop, JH1
Walker, JJ1
Gray, CE1
Thomson, JA1
Kämpe, O1
Karlsson, FA1
Cobin, R1
Rasmussen, NG1
Hornnes, PJ1
Hegedüs, L1
Peiker, G1
Groppel, B1
Müller, B1
Greinke, C1
Novikova, RI1
Cherniĭ, VI1
Kaban'ko, TP1
Shlopov, VG1
Chin, RK1
Lao, TT1
Stockigt, JR1
Topliss, DJ1
Ramsay, I1
Kinch, RA1
Plunkett, ER1
Devlin, MC1
Martin, JE1
MacDonald, PC1
Kaplan, NM1
Brown, CH1
Kvols, LK1
Hsu, TH1
Levin, J1
Refetoff, S1
Block, MB1
Ehrlich, EN1
Friesen, HG1
Laurent, MF1
Peillon, F1
Husslein, H1

Reviews

12 reviews available for thyroxine and Puerperal Disorders

ArticleYear
Postpartum Thyroiditis.
    Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 2019, Volume: 62, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Autoantibodies; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hormone Replacement Th

2019
[Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy. Working Group on Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction of the Spanish Endocrinology Society].
    Endocrinologia y nutricion : organo de la Sociedad Espanola de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, 2009, Volume: 56, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Embryonic Development; Female; Fetal Diseases; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Iodin

2009
[Thyroid and pregnancy].
    Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2010, Volume: 160, Issue:7-8

    Topics: Breast Feeding; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Humans; H

2010
[Subclinical hypothyroidism--what level of TSH is an indication for substitution?].
    MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2006, Mar-02, Volume: 148, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Algorithms; Cholesterol, LDL; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hashimoto D

2006
[Current thyroid diagnostics and therapy in disorders of fertility and in pregnancy].
    Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 2006, Aug-15, Volume: 101, Issue:8

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Autoantibodies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabete

2006
Significance of low thyroid-stimulating hormone in pregnancy.
    Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2007, Volume: 14, Issue:5

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fetal Diseases; Graves Disease; Humans; Hype

2007
Management of endocrine disorders in pregnancy Part I--thyroid and parathyroid disease.
    Postgraduate medical journal, 1984, Volume: 60, Issue:702

    Topics: Adult; Calcium; Carbimazole; Congenital Hypothyroidism; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hyperpar

1984
Postpartum thyroid dysfunction.
    Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 1997, Volume: 40, Issue:1

    Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Incidence; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Risk Factors; Th

1997
Thyroid disease in relation to pregnancy: a decade of change.
    Clinical endocrinology, 2000, Volume: 53, Issue:3

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Developmental Di

2000
Thyroid diseases in pregnancy.
    Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2002, Volume: 31, Issue:3

    Topics: Antibodies; Antithyroid Agents; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Inc

2002
Thyroid disease during pregnancy.
    Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, 1992, Volume: 103

    Topics: Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Thyroxine

1992
Thyroid disease in pregnancy and the postpartum period.
    The Mount Sinai journal of medicine, New York, 1985, Volume: 52, Issue:1

    Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Breast Feeding; Female; Fertility; Fetus; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidis

1985

Trials

1 trial available for thyroxine and Puerperal Disorders

ArticleYear
Thyroid function in breast-fed infants is not affected by methimazole-induced maternal hypothyroidism: results of a retrospective study.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Breast Feeding; Chi-Square Distribution; Contraindications; Female; Follo

2003

Other Studies

66 other studies available for thyroxine and Puerperal Disorders

ArticleYear
Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction in Women With Known and Newly Diagnosed Hypothyroidism in Early Pregnancy.
    Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021, Volume: 12

    Topics: Adult; China; Female; Gestational Age; History, 21st Century; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; H

2021
[Lymphocytic thyroiditis during pregnancy and postpartum].
    La Revue du praticien, 2014, Volume: 64, Issue:6

    Topics: Antioxidants; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Comp

2014
Prevalence of autoimmune thyroid dysfunction in postpartum psychosis.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2011, Volume: 198, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antimanic Agents; Autoantibodies; Case-Control Studies; Disease Susceptibility; Female; Human

2011
Thyroid dysfunction and pregnancy: where are we five years later?
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012, Volume: 97, Issue:8

    Topics: Female; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Puerperal Disorder

2012
Postpartum recurrence of Graves' hyperthyroidism can be prevented by the continuation of antithyroid drugs during pregnancy.
    Clinical endocrinology, 2002, Volume: 57, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graves Disease; Humans; Pregnancy; Prenatal Ca

2002
[Thyroid disease in pregnant women and its development after childbirth].
    Vnitrni lekarstvi, 2002, Volume: 48, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Iodide Peroxidase; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregna

2002
THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS DURING PITUITARY INSUFFICIENCY.
    Acta medica Scandinavica, 1964, Volume: 175

    Topics: Cortisone; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Insulin; Pregnancy; Puerpe

1964
Age as a predictor of recurrent hypothyroidism in patients with post-partum thyroid dysfunction.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2004, Volume: 27, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Pregnancy; Prognosis; Puerperal

2004
Treatment of post-partum thyrotoxicosis.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2006, Volume: 29, Issue:3

    Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Breast Feeding; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iodine Radioiso

2006
[Postpartum thyroiditis with unusual evolution].
    Anales de medicina interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984), 2007, Volume: 24, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Met

2007
[Reciprocal changes in serum TBG and T4 in hyperthyroidism treated with PTU and iodide (author's transl)].
    Horumon to rinsho. Clinical endocrinology, 1982, Volume: 30, Issue:2

    Topics: Alpha-Globulins; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodides; Pregnancy; Propylthiouracil; Puerperal Di

1982
Free thyroxin index and direct measurements of free thyroxin compared for evaluating postpartum autoimmune thyroid dysfunction.
    Clinical chemistry, 1984, Volume: 30, Issue:6

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; False Positive Reactions; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Mi

1984
High prevalence of transient post-partum thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1982, Apr-08, Volume: 306, Issue:14

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Japan; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorde

1982
Post-partum thyroid disease.
    The Medical journal of Australia, 1982, Nov-27, Volume: 2, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Female; Hemagglutination Tests; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Preg

1982
Differentiation of postpartum thyrotoxicosis by serum thyroglobulin: usefulness of a new multisite immunoradiometric assay.
    Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 1994,Fall, Volume: 4, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Immunoradiometric Assay; Puerperal D

1994
Serum thyroglobulin: an early indicator of autoimmune post-partum thyroiditis.
    Clinical endocrinology, 1994, Volume: 41, Issue:1

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Risk Factors; Thyroglobulin; Thyroid

1994
Massive theca-lutein cysts, virilization, and hypothyroidism associated with normal pregnancy.
    Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 1994, Volume: 73, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Magnetic Resonanc

1994
A patient with postpartum primary hypothyroidism and acquired von Willebrand's disease.
    The Netherlands journal of medicine, 1994, Volume: 44, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Blood Coagulation Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Ecchymosis; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism;

1994
Thyroxine dosage.
    Australian family physician, 1993, Volume: 22, Issue:9

    Topics: Depression; Female; Humans; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroxine

1993
[Thyroid and pregnancy].
    Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis = Revue suisse de medecine Praxis, 1993, Aug-10, Volume: 82, Issue:32

    Topics: Female; Fetus; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Puerpera

1993
Can antidepressants induce rapid cycling?
    Archives of general psychiatry, 1993, Volume: 50, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Lithium; Puerperal Disorders; Th

1993
Effect of methimazole treatment of maternal thyrotoxicosis on thyroid function in breast-feeding infants.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1996, Volume: 128, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Breast Feeding; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Sch

1996
Diagnostic enigmas in thyroid disease.
    The Western journal of medicine, 1996, Volume: 164, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Biopsy, Needle; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Puerperal

1996
Investigation and treatment of hypothyroidism.
    Clinical endocrinology, 1996, Volume: 44, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Autoantibodies; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Male; Middle Aged;

1996
The many causes of subclinical hyperthyroidism.
    Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 1996, Volume: 6, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autoantibodies; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Mal

1996
Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies predict poor metabolic control and need for thyroid treatment in pregnant IDDM women.
    Diabetes care, 1997, Volume: 20, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Blood Glucose; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodide Pe

1997
Cell-mediated immunity and postpartum thyroid dysfunction: a possibility for the prediction of disease?
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1998, Volume: 83, Issue:6

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Dendritic Cells; Female; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Iodide Peroxidase; Killer Cells

1998
Graves' hyperthyroidism after postpartum thyroiditis.
    Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 1998, Volume: 8, Issue:12

    Topics: Abortion, Therapeutic; Adult; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Middle Aged; Pre

1998
Prevalence of pregnancy and postpartum thyroid dysfunction in a homogeneous population of Spain.
    Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 1999, Volume: 13, Issue:4

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications;

1999
Postpartum thyroiditis in women with hypothyroidism antedating pregnancy?
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1999, Volume: 84, Issue:11

    Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Logistic Models; Pregnancy; Pre

1999
[TSH determination in central hypothyroidism].
    Annales d'endocrinologie, 1999, Volume: 60, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Hypothyroidism; Middle Aged; Puerperal Disorders; Sensitivit

1999
Postpartum thyroid dysfunction in women with normal thyroid function during pregnancy.
    Clinical endocrinology, 2000, Volume: 53, Issue:4

    Topics: Autoantibodies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Microsomes; Preg

2000
Post-partum thyroiditis in South Brazil presenting as thyrotoxicosis: prevalence and risk factors.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2000, Volume: 23, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Brazil; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Prospective Studies; P

2000
Daily migraine with visual aura associated with an occipital arteriovenous malformation.
    Headache, 2001, Volume: 41, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations; Middle Aged; Migrai

2001
The biochemical and clinical course of postpartum thyroid dysfunction: the treatment decision.
    Clinical endocrinology, 2001, Volume: 54, Issue:3

    Topics: Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Sectional Studies; Family Practice; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; L

2001
Prevalence and characteristics of postpartum thyroid dysfunction in Tehran.
    European journal of endocrinology, 2001, Volume: 145, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Female; Goiter; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodide Peroxidase; Iran; Prevalence; Puer

2001
Post-partum transient thyrotoxicosis with painless thyroiditis.
    Lancet (London, England), 1977, May-28, Volume: 1, Issue:8022

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Iodine Radi

1977
Differentiation of thyrotoxicosis induced by thyroid destruction from Graves' disease.
    Lancet (London, England), 1978, Aug-12, Volume: 2, Issue:8085

    Topics: Adult; Autoimmune Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism

1978
T3/T4 ratio in thyroid disease.
    Lancet (London, England), 1979, Volume: 1, Issue:8107

    Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; False Negative Reactions; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism;

1979
Post-partum transient thyrotoxicosis: report of two cases.
    Endocrinologia japonica, 1979, Volume: 26, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroiditis; Thyroxi

1979
The possible relation between postpartum exacerbation of hyperthyroidism and neonatal thyrotoxicosis.
    Acta medica Scandinavica, 1977, Volume: 202, Issue:6

    Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Maternal-Fetal Exchange

1977
Postpartum hypothyroidism.
    Annals of internal medicine, 1978, Volume: 88, Issue:3

    Topics: Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Lactation; Milk, Human; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroxine

1978
Reversible adrenocorticotropin deficiency due to probable autoimmune hypophysitis in a woman with postpartum thyroiditis.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1992, Volume: 74, Issue:3

    Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Cosyntropin; Female; Follow

1992
Hyperprolactinemia in a patient with Sheehan's syndrome.
    Southern medical journal, 1992, Volume: 85, Issue:10

    Topics: Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyperprolactinemia; Hy

1992
[Elevated thyroid hormone levels in the absence of hyperactivity].
    Harefuah, 1992, Mar-01, Volume: 122, Issue:5

    Topics: Contraceptive Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Liver Diseases; Male

1992
Effect of administration of thyroxine on the risk of postpartum recurrence of hyperthyroid Graves' disease.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy

1992
Impaired intrathyroidal iodine organification and iodine-induced hypothyroidism in euthyroid women with a previous episode of postpartum thyroiditis.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1991, Volume: 73, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Autoantibodies; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodide

1991
Partial reversibility during late postpartum of thyroid abnormalities associated with pregnancy.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1992, Volume: 74, Issue:2

    Topics: Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prospective S

1992
A prospective study of lymphocyte-initiated immunosuppression in normal pregnancy: evidence of a T-cell etiology for postpartum thyroid dysfunction.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1992, Volume: 74, Issue:3

    Topics: Autoantibodies; CD4-CD8 Ratio; Female; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, Fir

1992
Hypothyroidism.
    Lancet (London, England), 1990, Aug-04, Volume: 336, Issue:8710

    Topics: Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Puerperal Disorders; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine

1990
Postpartum hypopituitarism with preservation of the pituitary-ovarian axis.
    The American journal of the medical sciences, 1990, Volume: 299, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydr

1990
The incidence of clinical thyroid dysfunction in an unselected group of pregnant and post partum women.
    Scottish medical journal, 1990, Volume: 35, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Female; Humans; Pilot Projects; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Puerperal Dis

1990
Effects of L-thyroxine and iodide on the development of autoimmune postpartum thyroiditis.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1990, Volume: 70, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Iodide Pero

1990
Post-partum thyroiditis can be painful.
    Postgraduate medical journal, 1990, Volume: 66, Issue:772

    Topics: Adult; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Pain; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders;

1990
Ultrasonographically determined thyroid size in pregnancy and post partum: the goitrogenic effect of pregnancy.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1989, Volume: 160, Issue:5 Pt 1

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Female; Goiter; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Organ Size; Pregnancy; Pregnanc

1989
[The iodine status in the puerperium and in newborn infants].
    Zentralblatt fur Gynakologie, 1989, Volume: 111, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Drug Combinations; Female; Germany, East; Goiter, Endemic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iodine; M

1989
[Functional state of the hypophyseal-thyroid system in severe forms of late pregnancy toxemia].
    Akusherstvo i ginekologiia, 1986, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Coma; Eclampsia; Female; Growth Hormone; Humans; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Pregn

1986
Thyroxine concentration and outcome of hyperemetic pregnancies.
    British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1988, Volume: 95, Issue:5

    Topics: Birth Weight; Carbimazole; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hyperemesis Gravidarum; Infant, Newborn;

1988
Diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism.
    The Medical journal of Australia, 1986, Sep-01, Volume: 145, Issue:5

    Topics: Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodides; Lithium; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroid Function T

1986
Postpartum thyroiditis--an underdiagnosed disease.
    British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1986, Volume: 93, Issue:11

    Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Propranolol; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroiditis; Thyroxine

1986
Postpartum amenorrhea-galactorrhea of hypothyroidism.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1969, Nov-01, Volume: 105, Issue:5

    Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Chiari-Frommel Syndrome; Corticotropin-Releasing Hor

1969
Successful pregnancy in a patient with Sheehan's syndrome.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1970, Feb-19, Volume: 282, Issue:8

    Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Female; Gonadotropins; Growth Hormone

1970
Factor IX deficiency and bleeding in a patient with Sheehan's syndrome.
    Blood, 1972, Volume: 39, Issue:5

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anticoagulants; Blood Coagulation Tests; Blood

1972
Chiari-Frommel syndrome in a patient with primary adrenocortical insufficiency.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1972, Dec-28, Volume: 287, Issue:26

    Topics: Acetates; Addison Disease; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amenorrhea; Chiari-Frommel Syndrome;

1972
[Primary hypothyroidism of the adult and non-tumoral amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome. Apropos of a case].
    La semaine des hopitaux : organe fonde par l'Association d'enseignement medical des hopitaux de Paris, 1973, Oct-26, Volume: 49, Issue:43

    Topics: Adult; Amenorrhea; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Lactation Disorde

1973
[Sheehan's syndrome].
    Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1966, Mar-25, Volume: 78, Issue:12

    Topics: Amenorrhea; Cortisone; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Metyrapone; Pituita

1966