thyroxine and Preterm Birth studies

Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Currently, there is no consensus on universal thyroid screening and levothyroxine (LT4) treatment of pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) who are negative for thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb-)."	9.27	Effects of Levothyroxine on Pregnant Women With Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Negative for Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies. ( Azizi, F; Minooee, S; Nazarpour, S; Rahmati, M; Ramezani Tehrani, F; Simbar, M; Tohidi, M, 2018)
"Levothyroxine sodium in the treatment of SCH can significantly reduce the incidence of premature birth, miscarriage, postpartum hemorrhage, and low birth weight infants."	9.22	Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and pregnancy outcomes of levothyroxine sodium tablet administration in pregnant women complicated with hypothyroidism. ( Chen, Y; Geng, X; Li, N; Ma, J; Sun, C; Wang, W; Wu, W, 2022)
"Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the effect of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH)."	9.22	The impact of levothyroxine therapy on the pregnancy, neonatal and childhood outcomes of subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy: An updated systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. ( Chen, J; Jiao, XF; Li, H; Liu, D; Wei, Q; Zeng, L; Zhang, C; Zhang, L; Zhang, M; Zou, K, 2022)
"To evaluate the effect of levothyroxine therapy on pregnancy outcomes compared with placebo or no treatment in women without overt hypothyroidism with presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb)."	9.12	Impact of levothyroxine in women with positive thyroid antibodies on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. ( Benham, JL; Donovan, LE; Lau, L; Lemieux, P; Yamamoto, J, 2021)
" The following terms were used for the search: [subclinical hypothyroidism OR thyroid autoimmunity OR thyroperoxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) OR thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg-Ab)] AND (levothyroxine OR euthyrox) AND [pregnancy outcome OR miscarriage OR abortion OR pregnancy loss OR preterm birth OR premature delivery OR early labo(u)r]."	9.01	Effect of levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy loss and preterm birth in women with subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Liu, J; Rao, M; Su, C; Su, Z; Tang, L; Wang, H; Wang, R; Wen, Y; Yang, Z; Zeng, Z; Zhao, S; Zhou, F, 2019)
"To study the effects of third trimester maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia (serum low free thyroxine and normal thyroid stimulating hormone level) on pregnancy outcomes, we performed a retrospective cohort study in women with singleton pregnancy between February 2009 and June 2012."	8.31	Association between third trimester maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. ( Chen, L; Lin, D; Lin, H; Lin, Z; Lu, X; Peng, M; Sun, M; Ye, E; Yu, L, 2023)
"This study was undertaken to test the therapeutic effect of extra-low dose of levothyroxine (LT4; 25 mcg/day) to preconception and pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH)."	8.31	Effect of extra-low dose levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. ( Chen, YT; Chung, MT; Ho, CH; Hsiao, TW; Lin, YL; Tsai, YC; Wen, JY, 2023)
"The influence of maternal levothyroxine treatment during pregnancy remains unclear."	8.12	Association of maternal levothyroxine use during pregnancy with offspring birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes: a population-based cohort study. ( Cheung, CL; Cheung, ECL; Ge, GM; Ip, P; Kung, AWC; Leung, WC; Li, GHY; Man, KKC; Wong, ICK, 2022)
"The aims were to establish a gestational-age specific curve for serum total thyroxine (T4) levels and to compare pregnancy outcomes of euthyroid women with those identified to have subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) defined by an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in conjunction with either total T4 or free T4 determinations."	7.80	Is total thyroxine better than free thyroxine during pregnancy? ( Casey, BM; Cunningham, FG; McIntire, DD; Wilson, KL, 2014)
"This was a secondary analysis of two parallel multicenter clinical trials of thyroxine therapy for subclinical hypothyroid disorders in pregnancy."	5.51	Association between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in the Offspring. ( Caritis, SN; Casey, BM; Costantine, MM; Mele, L; Mercer, BM; Palatnik, A; Reddy, UM; Rouse, DJ; Saade, GR; Sibai, B; Sorokin, Y; Thorp, JM; Tita, ATN; Tolosa, JE; Varner, MW; Wapner, RJ, 2022)
"Currently, there is no consensus on universal thyroid screening and levothyroxine (LT4) treatment of pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) who are negative for thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb-)."	5.27	Effects of Levothyroxine on Pregnant Women With Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Negative for Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies. ( Azizi, F; Minooee, S; Nazarpour, S; Rahmati, M; Ramezani Tehrani, F; Simbar, M; Tohidi, M, 2018)
"Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the effect of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH)."	5.22	The impact of levothyroxine therapy on the pregnancy, neonatal and childhood outcomes of subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy: An updated systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. ( Chen, J; Jiao, XF; Li, H; Liu, D; Wei, Q; Zeng, L; Zhang, C; Zhang, L; Zhang, M; Zou, K, 2022)
"Levothyroxine sodium in the treatment of SCH can significantly reduce the incidence of premature birth, miscarriage, postpartum hemorrhage, and low birth weight infants."	5.22	Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and pregnancy outcomes of levothyroxine sodium tablet administration in pregnant women complicated with hypothyroidism. ( Chen, Y; Geng, X; Li, N; Ma, J; Sun, C; Wang, W; Wu, W, 2022)
"To evaluate the effect of levothyroxine therapy on pregnancy outcomes compared with placebo or no treatment in women without overt hypothyroidism with presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb)."	5.12	Impact of levothyroxine in women with positive thyroid antibodies on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. ( Benham, JL; Donovan, LE; Lau, L; Lemieux, P; Yamamoto, J, 2021)
"Among pregnant women without overt thyroid disease, subclinical hypothyroidism, isolated hypothyroxinemia, and TPO antibody positivity were significantly associated with higher risk of preterm birth."	5.01	Association of Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities and Thyroid Autoimmunity With Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ( Alexander, EK; Auvinen, J; Bassols, J; Bliddal, S; Boucai, L; Bramer, WM; Brown, SJ; Carty, DM; Chaker, L; Chatzi, L; Chen, L; Dayan, C; Delles, C; Derakhshan, A; Feldt-Rasmussen, U; Ghafoor, F; Grineva, EN; Guxens, M; Hisada, A; Jiménez-Zabala, A; Korevaar, TIM; López-Bermejo, A; Lu, X; Männistö, T; Meems, M; Meima, M; Mosso, L; Mukhtar, S; Murcia, M; Nelson, SM; Oken, E; Pearce, EN; Peeters, RP; Pop, VJM; Popova, PV; Riaño, I; Shields, B; Steegers, EAP; Sunyer, J; Suvanto, E; Taylor, PN; Tkachuck, AS; Vafeiadi, M; Vaidya, B; Vrijkotte, TG; Walsh, JP; Yoshinaga, J, 2019)
" The following terms were used for the search: [subclinical hypothyroidism OR thyroid autoimmunity OR thyroperoxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) OR thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg-Ab)] AND (levothyroxine OR euthyrox) AND [pregnancy outcome OR miscarriage OR abortion OR pregnancy loss OR preterm birth OR premature delivery OR early labo(u)r]."	5.01	Effect of levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy loss and preterm birth in women with subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Liu, J; Rao, M; Su, C; Su, Z; Tang, L; Wang, H; Wang, R; Wen, Y; Yang, Z; Zeng, Z; Zhao, S; Zhou, F, 2019)
"The impact of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and of levothyroxine replacement in pregnant women with SCH is unclear."	4.93	Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Coddington, CC; Erwin, PJ; Espinosa De Ycaza, AE; Gionfriddo, MR; Maraka, S; Montori, VM; Murad, MH; O'Keeffe, DT; Ospina, NM; Stan, MN, 2016)
" In one trial of 115 women, levothyroxine therapy to treat pregnant euthyroid (normal thyroid function) women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies was not shown to reduce pre-eclampsia significantly (risk ratio (RR) 0."	4.89	Interventions for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy. ( Bain, E; Cossich, MC; Crowther, CA; Middleton, P; Reid, SM, 2013)
" To assess the effect of treatment with levothyroxine on pregnancy outcomes in this group of women."	4.87	Association between thyroid autoantibodies and miscarriage and preterm birth: meta-analysis of evidence. ( Coomarasamy, A; Franklyn, J; Kilby, MD; Knox, E; Tan, A; Thangaratinam, S, 2011)
" In one trial of 115 women, levothyroxine therapy to treat pregnant euthyroid women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies was not shown to reduce pre-eclampsia significantly (risk ratio (RR) 0."	4.86	Interventions for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy. ( Cossich, MC; Crowther, CA; Middleton, P; Reid, SM, 2010)
"92 mIU/L; these women may benefit from Levothyroxine (LT4) therapy for preventing preterm birth."	4.31	A Bayesian model to estimate the cutoff value of TSH for management of preterm birth. ( Azizi, F; Behboudi-Gandevani, S; Minooee, S; Nazarpour, S; Rahmati, M; Tehrani, FR, 2023)
"To study the effects of third trimester maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia (serum low free thyroxine and normal thyroid stimulating hormone level) on pregnancy outcomes, we performed a retrospective cohort study in women with singleton pregnancy between February 2009 and June 2012."	4.31	Association between third trimester maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. ( Chen, L; Lin, D; Lin, H; Lin, Z; Lu, X; Peng, M; Sun, M; Ye, E; Yu, L, 2023)
"This study was undertaken to test the therapeutic effect of extra-low dose of levothyroxine (LT4; 25 mcg/day) to preconception and pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH)."	4.31	Effect of extra-low dose levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. ( Chen, YT; Chung, MT; Ho, CH; Hsiao, TW; Lin, YL; Tsai, YC; Wen, JY, 2023)
"The influence of maternal levothyroxine treatment during pregnancy remains unclear."	4.12	Association of maternal levothyroxine use during pregnancy with offspring birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes: a population-based cohort study. ( Cheung, CL; Cheung, ECL; Ge, GM; Ip, P; Kung, AWC; Leung, WC; Li, GHY; Man, KKC; Wong, ICK, 2022)
" There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against therapy with triiodothyronine (T3), apart from in pregnancy when only levothyroxine is indicated, as T3 does not sufficiently cross fetal blood‑brain barrier."	4.12	Hashimoto thyroiditis: an evidence-based guide to etiology, diagnosis and treatment. ( Klubo-Gwiezdzinska, J; Wartofsky, L, 2022)
"At median 10, 18, and 26 weeks of gestation, we observed significant inverse associations between free thyroxine (FT4) and birth weight z scores, with the strongest association detected at median 10 weeks, at which time a 10% increase in FT4 was associated with a 0."	3.88	Subclinical Changes in Maternal Thyroid Function Parameters in Pregnancy and Fetal Growth. ( Cantonwine, DE; Ferguson, KK; Johns, LE; McElrath, TF; Meeker, JD; Mukherjee, B, 2018)
"The isolated hypothyroxinemia of pregnancy (IHP) has gained specific attention in the specialized literature during the recent years as the possible factor impeding the intellectual development of fetus and increasing the risk of complications related with pregnancy, delivery and perinatal period."	3.88	IMPORTANCE OF ISOLATED GESTATIONAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBSTETRIC AND SOMATIC PATHOLOGIES. ( Gagua, D; Gagua, T; Morchiladze, N; Tkeshelashvili, B, 2018)
"Thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), TPOAbs, and/or hCG concentrations were measured in early and late pregnancy of 7587 pregnant women from 2 Dutch population-based prospective cohorts (n = 5924, Generation R study; n = 1663, Holistic Approach to Pregnancy and the First Postpartum Year study)."	3.85	Thyroid Autoimmunity Impairs the Thyroidal Response to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: Two Population-Based Prospective Cohort Studies. ( Broeren, MA; Chaker, L; de Rijke, YB; Jaddoe, VW; Korevaar, TI; Medici, M; Peeters, RP; Pop, VJ; Steegers, EA; Tiemeier, H; Visser, TJ, 2017)
"The aims were to establish a gestational-age specific curve for serum total thyroxine (T4) levels and to compare pregnancy outcomes of euthyroid women with those identified to have subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) defined by an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in conjunction with either total T4 or free T4 determinations."	3.80	Is total thyroxine better than free thyroxine during pregnancy? ( Casey, BM; Cunningham, FG; McIntire, DD; Wilson, KL, 2014)
" All women were treated with levothyroxine (L-T₄) during pregnancy."	3.79	Pregnancy outcomes in women with severe hypothyroidism. ( Hirsch, D; Kopel, V; Levy, S; Nadler, V; Shainberg, B; Toledano, Y, 2013)
"Pregnancy is a complex state with many endocrinological challenges to a woman's physiology."	2.72	Understanding the Pathogenesis of Gestational Hypothyroidism. ( Li, X; Mallawa Kankanamalage, O; Zhou, Q, 2021)
"Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is defined as the presence of an elevated thyroid stimulating hormone during gestation, affecting 2% to 3% of the population."	2.61	Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy. ( Sullivan, SA, 2019)
"Hypothyroidism is one of the most prevalent diseases in pregnancy, but there is no consensus about its management in pregnant women."	2.58	Pregnancy Complications Associated With Maternal Hypothyroidism: A Systematic Review. ( Aristides, SMA; de Carvalho, HC; Demarchi, IG; Günther, LSA; Lopes, LCB; Santos, TDS; Shinohara, DR; Teixeira, JJV, 2018)
"Subclinical hypothyroidism has been found to be associated with adverse reproductive outcomes, such as infertility, miscarriage, preterm birth, and complications of pregnancy."	2.53	The Impact and Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism for Improving Reproductive Outcomes such as Fertility and Miscarriage. ( Seungdamrong, A, 2016)
"If left untreated, both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are associated with adverse effects on pregnancy and fetal outcomes."	2.48	Thyroid disorders during pregnancy. ( Sullivan, SD; Yazbeck, CF, 2012)
"Although the frequency of miscarriage in the AT group was greater (4."	1.72	Thyroid Function Rather Than Thyroid Antibodies Affects Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes: Results of a Prospective Study. ( Bagattini, B; Benelli, E; Fiore, E; Gianetti, E; Montanelli, L; Orsolini, F; Terrenzio, C; Tonacchera, M, 2022)
"Hyperthyroidism was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB, adjusted OR: 2."	1.62	Impact of maternal thyroid hormone in late pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes: A retrospective cohort study in China. ( Gao, Y; Wang, H; Wang, J; Yu, B; Yuan, X, 2021)
"Maternal hypothyroidism has been reported to have concerns over neonatal outcomes, not only in the context of neurocognitive development but also in the short term as birth weight and neonatal jaundice."	1.62	Neonatal outcomes and congenital anomalies in pregnancies affected by hypothyroidism. ( Humayun, KN; Islam, N; Kiran, Z; Sheikh, A, 2021)
"Gestational hypertension was least likely to occur in thyroid autoimmune groups."	1.62	Association of thyroid antibodies status on the outcomes of pregnant women with hypothyroidism (maternal hypothyroidism on pregnancy outcomes, MHPO-4). ( Islam, N; Kiran, Z; Sheikh, A, 2021)
"Maternal hypothyroidism is associated with several pregnancy and perinatal complications, but consistent LT4 use may reduce many of the risks."	1.51	Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome Among Hypothyroid Mothers: A Population-Based Cohort Study. ( Gissler, M; Hartikainen, AL; Lahesmaa-Korpinen, AM; Männistö, T; Suvanto, E; Turunen, S; Vääräsmäki, M, 2019)
"The rate of miscarriage did not differ between the 3 groups (11."	1.43	Impact of Levothyroxine in Miscarriage and Preterm Delivery Rates in First Trimester Thyroid Antibody-Positive Women With TSH Less Than 2.5 mIU/L. ( Negro, R; Schwartz, A; Stagnaro-Green, A, 2016)
"The incidence of the pregnancy complications in the TPOAb (+) treated group was higher than those in the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0."	1.42	[Effect of the treatment acceptance on the perinatal outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism, positive thyroid gland peroxidase antibody in early pregnancy]. ( Ding, S; Guo, H; Tao, B; Yang, J; Zhang, X, 2015)

Research

Studies (62)

Authors

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Abruption

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	2 (3.23)	29.6817
2010's	32 (51.61)	24.3611
2020's	28 (45.16)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Nazarpour, S	5
Ramezani Tehrani, F	4
Rahmati, M	4
Amiri, M	3
Azizi, F	6
Kiran, Z	2
Sheikh, A	2
Humayun, KN	1
Islam, N	2
Palatnik, A	1
Mele, L	1
Casey, BM	2
Varner, MW	1
Sorokin, Y	1
Reddy, UM	1
Wapner, RJ	1
Thorp, JM	1
Saade, GR	1
Tita, ATN	1
Rouse, DJ	1
Sibai, B	1
Costantine, MM	1
Mercer, BM	1
Tolosa, JE	1
Caritis, SN	1
Ding, Z	1
Liu, Y	1
Maraka, S	3
Abdelouahab, N	1
Huang, HF	2
Fraser, WD	2
Fan, J	3
Meng, Y	1
Lin, J	1
Klubo-Gwiezdzinska, J	1
Wartofsky, L	1
Sheidaei, A	1
Geng, X	1
Chen, Y	1
Wang, W	1
Ma, J	1
Wu, W	1
Li, N	2
Sun, C	1
Korevaar, TIM	2
Jiao, XF	1
Zhang, M	1
Chen, J	1
Wei, Q	1
Zeng, L	1
Liu, D	1
Zhang, C	3
Li, H	1
Zou, K	1
Zhang, L	2
Orsolini, F	1
Gianetti, E	1
Terrenzio, C	1
Montanelli, L	1
Benelli, E	1
Bagattini, B	1
Fiore, E	1
Tonacchera, M	2
Xie, T	1
Tan, M	1
Jiang, X	1
Feng, Y	1
Chen, Q	1
Mei, H	1
Cai, Y	1
Zou, H	1
Huang, Y	1
Ge, GM	1
Cheung, ECL	1
Man, KKC	1
Ip, P	1
Leung, WC	1
Li, GHY	1
Kung, AWC	1
Cheung, CL	1
Wong, ICK	1
Zhuo, L	3
Wang, Z	3
Yang, Y	3
Liu, Z	3
Wang, S	3
Song, Y	3
Han, Y	1
Gao, X	1
Wang, X	1
Gong, B	1
Peng, B	1
Li, J	1
Liu, A	1
Shan, Z	1
Minooee, S	2
Behboudi-Gandevani, S	1
Tehrani, FR	1
Chen, L	2
Ye, E	1
Sun, M	1
Lin, H	1
Yu, L	1
Lin, Z	1
Peng, M	1
Lin, D	1
Lu, X	2
Yu, M	1
Long, Y	1
Wang, Y	2
Zhang, R	1
Tao, L	1
Chen, YT	1
Ho, CH	1
Chung, MT	1
Wen, JY	1
Lin, YL	1
Hsiao, TW	1
Tsai, YC	1
Derakhshan, A	1
Taylor, PN	1
Meima, M	1
Bliddal, S	2
Carty, DM	1
Meems, M	1
Vaidya, B	1
Shields, B	1
Ghafoor, F	1
Popova, PV	1
Mosso, L	1
Oken, E	1
Suvanto, E	2
Hisada, A	1
Yoshinaga, J	1
Brown, SJ	1
Bassols, J	1
Auvinen, J	1
Bramer, WM	1
López-Bermejo, A	1
Dayan, C	1
Boucai, L	1
Vafeiadi, M	1
Grineva, EN	1
Tkachuck, AS	1
Pop, VJM	1
Vrijkotte, TG	1
Guxens, M	1
Chatzi, L	1
Sunyer, J	1
Jiménez-Zabala, A	1
Riaño, I	1
Murcia, M	2
Mukhtar, S	1
Delles, C	1
Feldt-Rasmussen, U	2
Nelson, SM	1
Alexander, EK	1
Chaker, L	2
Männistö, T	2
Walsh, JP	1
Pearce, EN	2
Steegers, EAP	1
Peeters, RP	3
Tosun, G	1
Kose, S	1
İşbilen Başok, B	1
Altunyurt, S	1
Cigrovski Berković, M	1
Herman Mahečić, D	1
Marinković Radošević, J	1
Strinović Morić, M	1
Bilić-Ćurčić, I	1
Yang, X	1
Yu, Y	1
Zhang, Y	1
Chen, Z	1
Dubois, L	1
Yuan, X	1
Wang, J	1
Gao, Y	1
Wang, H	2
Yu, B	1
Cheng, WL	1
Liu, XR	1
Zuo, Y	1
Zheng, W	1
Wu, SS	1
Jiang, B	1
Lau, L	1
Benham, JL	1
Lemieux, P	1
Yamamoto, J	1
Donovan, LE	1
Mallawa Kankanamalage, O	1
Zhou, Q	1
Li, X	1
Aung, MT	1
Johns, LE	2
Ferguson, KK	2
Mukherjee, B	2
McElrath, TF	2
Meeker, JD	2
Plowden, TC	1
Schisterman, EF	1
Sjaarda, LA	1
Perkins, NJ	1
Silver, R	1
Radin, R	1
Kim, K	1
Galai, N	1
DeCherney, AH	1
Mumford, SL	1
Simbar, M	1
Tohidi, M	1
Cantonwine, DE	1
Eerdekens, A	1
Langouche, L	1
Güiza, F	1
Verhaeghe, J	1
Naulaers, G	1
Vanhole, C	1
Van den Berghe, G	1
Shinohara, DR	1
Santos, TDS	1
de Carvalho, HC	1
Lopes, LCB	1
Günther, LSA	1
Aristides, SMA	1
Teixeira, JJV	1
Demarchi, IG	1
Morchiladze, N	1
Tkeshelashvili, B	1
Gagua, T	1
Gagua, D	1
Turunen, S	1
Vääräsmäki, M	1
Hartikainen, AL	1
Lahesmaa-Korpinen, AM	1
Gissler, M	1
Rao, M	1
Zeng, Z	1
Zhou, F	1
Liu, J	1
Wang, R	1
Wen, Y	1
Yang, Z	1
Su, C	1
Su, Z	1
Zhao, S	1
Tang, L	1
Sullivan, SA	1
Reid, SM	2
Middleton, P	2
Cossich, MC	2
Crowther, CA	2
Bain, E	1
Hirsch, D	1
Levy, S	1
Nadler, V	1
Kopel, V	1
Shainberg, B	1
Toledano, Y	1
Korevaar, TI	2
Schalekamp-Timmermans, S	1
de Rijke, YB	2
Visser, WE	1
Visser, W	1
de Muinck Keizer-Schrama, SM	1
Hofman, A	1
Ross, HA	1
Hooijkaas, H	1
Tiemeier, H	2
Bongers-Schokking, JJ	1
Jaddoe, VW	2
Visser, TJ	2
Steegers, EA	2
Medici, M	2
Wilson, KL	1
McIntire, DD	1
Cunningham, FG	1
León, G	1
Rebagliato, M	1
Álvarez-Pedrerol, M	1
Castilla, AM	1
Basterrechea, M	1
Iñiguez, C	1
Fernández-Somoano, A	1
Blarduni, E	1
Foradada, CM	1
Tardón, A	1
Vioque, J	1
Boas, M	1
Hilsted, L	1
Friis-Hansen, L	1
Tabor, A	1
Hou, J	1
Yu, P	1
Zhu, H	1
Pan, H	1
Yang, H	1
Jiang, Y	1
Wang, L	1
Wang, B	1
You, L	1
Chen, S	1
Yang, J	1
Guo, H	1
Ding, S	1
Tao, B	1
Zhang, X	1
Ospina, NM	1
O'Keeffe, DT	2
Espinosa De Ycaza, AE	2
Gionfriddo, MR	1
Erwin, PJ	1
Coddington, CC	2
Stan, MN	2
Murad, MH	1
Montori, VM	2
Singh Ospina, NM	1
Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R	1
Wi, CI	1
Juhn, YJ	1
Zhang, SC	1
Wang, SW	1
Zhao, XD	1
Zhang, JR	1
Negro, R	1
Schwartz, A	1
Stagnaro-Green, A	1
Seungdamrong, A	1
Pop, VJ	1
Broeren, MA	1
Benvenga, S	1
Ordookhani, A	1
Braverman, LE	1
Tierney, K	1
Delpachitra, P	1
Grossmann, M	1
Onwude, J	1
Sikaris, K	1
Wallace, EM	1
Hamilton, EJ	1
Tong, S	1
Simic, N	1
Westall, C	1
Astzalos, EV	1
Rovet, J	1
Ashoor, G	1
Maiz, N	1
Rotas, M	1
Jawdat, F	1
Nicolaides, KH	1
Thangaratinam, S	1
Tan, A	1
Knox, E	1
Kilby, MD	1
Franklyn, J	1
Coomarasamy, A	1
Leitner, AY	1
Pellegrini, F	1
Beck-Peccoz, P	1
Wanker, P	1
Persani, L	1
Radetti, G	1
Yazbeck, CF	1
Sullivan, SD	1
Williams, F	1
Watson, J	1
Ogston, S	1
Hume, R	1
Willatts, P	1
Visser, T	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction: A Multi-center, Controlled, Double-blind Randomized Trial.[NCT00467363]		1,228 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Partial or complete abruption (ie, premature separation of the placenta) (NCT00467363)
Timeframe: until delivery

Clinically Recognized Pregnancy

Early Pregnancy Loss (EPL)

Ectopic Pregnancy

Fetal Pregnancy Loss

hCG Recognized Pregnancy

Live Birth

Intervention	participants (Number)
Aspirin	7
Placebo	5

Intervention	pregnancy (Number)
Aspirin	374
Placebo	346

Intervention	pregnancy (Number)
Aspirin	28
Placebo	27

Intervention	pregnancy (Number)
Aspirin	3
Placebo	3

Intervention	pregnancy (Number)
Aspirin	4
Placebo	6

Intervention	pregnancy (Number)
Aspirin	394
Placebo	363

Live birth was obtained prospectively by maternal report and abstraction from medical records by trained staff . (NCT00467363)
Timeframe: after delivery

Molar Pregnancy

Preeclampsia

Pregnancy Losses Occurring Less Than 10 Weeks

Intervention	livebirths (Number)
Aspirin	309
Placebo	286

Intervention	pregnancy (Number)
Aspirin	0
Placebo	0

Intervention	participants (Number)
Aspirin	32
Placebo	30

Includes preembryonic and embryonic losses (exclusive of implantation failures) (NCT00467363)
Timeframe: less than 10-weeks

Article	Year
Effects of isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2022, Volume: 305, Issue:4 Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iran; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Premat	2022
Neonatal outcomes and congenital anomalies in pregnancies affected by hypothyroidism. Annals of medicine, 2021, Volume: 53, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Birth Weight; Cesarean Section; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fetal Distress; Humans; Hypo	2021
A Novel Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Premature Delivery Based on the Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021, Volume: 12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Autoantibodies; China; Clinical Decision Rules; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Hu	2021
Hashimoto thyroiditis: an evidence-based guide to etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Polish archives of internal medicine, 2022, 03-30, Volume: 132, Issue:3 Topics: Female; Hashimoto Disease; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Male; Pregnancy; Premature Birth	2022
The targeted high-risk case-finding approach versus universal screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and/or thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) test? Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2022, Volume: 45, Issue:9 Topics: Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Iodide Peroxidase; Iran; Pregnancy;	2022
Euthyroid Thyroperoxidase Antibody Positivity during Pregnancy, to Treat or Not to Treat? Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 2022, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Premature Birth; Thyroid Diseas	2022
Thyroid Function Rather Than Thyroid Antibodies Affects Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes: Results of a Prospective Study. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022, 11-23, Volume: 107, Issue:11 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Premature Birth;	2022
Maternal subclinical hyperthyroidism and adverse pregnancy outcomes considering the iodine status: Tehran thyroid and pregnancy study. Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2022, Volume: 74 Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Iodide Peroxidase; Iodides; Iodine; Iran; Pregnanc	2022
Clinical features and outcomes of 31 children with congenital hypothyroidism missed by neonatal screening. Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences, 2022, 06-25, Volume: 51, Issue:3 Topics: Child, Preschool; Congenital Hypothyroidism; Dual Oxidases; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Neonata	2022
Association of maternal levothyroxine use during pregnancy with offspring birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes: a population-based cohort study. BMC medicine, 2022, 11-08, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cohort Studies; Female; Hum	2022
A Bayesian model to estimate the cutoff value of TSH for management of preterm birth. PloS one, 2023, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Bayes Theorem; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iodide Peroxidase; Iodine; Iran; Pregnancy; Prematur	2023
Association between third trimester maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Endocrine journal, 2023, Jun-28, Volume: 70, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Female; Fetal Distress; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnanc	2023
Effect of extra-low dose levothyroxine supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology, 2023, Volume: 62, Issue:6 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Dietary Supplements; Embryo Transfer; Female; Fertilization in Vitro;	2023
First-trimester placental function in levothyroxine-using pregnant women: a case-control study. Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Birth Weight; Case-Control Studies; Cesarean Section; Chorionic Gonadotropin, bet	2020
Hypothyroidism and pregnancy: still a controversial issue. Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020, Volume: 36, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Cohort Studies; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Hypothyroidism;	2020
The Association Between Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia in Early Pregnancy and Preterm Birth. Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2020, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Down-Regulation; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypothyro	2020
Impact of maternal thyroid hormone in late pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes: A retrospective cohort study in China. Endocrine journal, 2021, Mar-28, Volume: 68, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; China; Cohort Studies; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hyperthyroxinemia;	2021
Association of thyroid antibodies status on the outcomes of pregnant women with hypothyroidism (maternal hypothyroidism on pregnancy outcomes, MHPO-4). BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021, Feb-15, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Abruptio Placentae; Adult; Apgar Score; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases;	2021
Thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy in relation to urinary bisphenol A concentrations: A repeated measures study. Environment international, 2017, Volume: 104 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Benzhydryl Compounds; Case-Control Studies; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Hum	2017
Thyroid-stimulating hormone, anti-thyroid antibodies, and pregnancy outcomes. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2017, Volume: 217, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Asymptomatic Diseases; Autoantibodies; Cohort Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans;	2017
Subclinical Changes in Maternal Thyroid Function Parameters in Pregnancy and Fetal Growth. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018, 04-01, Volume: 103, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Asymptomatic Diseases; Birth Weight; Case-Control Studies; Female; Fetal Developm	2018
Maternal and placental responses before preterm birth: adaptations to increase fetal thyroid hormone availability? The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2019, Volume: 32, Issue:16 Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Male; Placenta; Pregna	2019
IMPORTANCE OF ISOLATED GESTATIONAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBSTETRIC AND SOMATIC PATHOLOGIES. Georgian medical news, 2018, Issue:278 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Alopecia; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Female;	2018
Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome Among Hypothyroid Mothers: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2019, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cesarean Section; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Hyp	2019
Pregnancy outcomes in women with severe hypothyroidism. European journal of endocrinology, 2013, Volume: 169, Issue:3 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Female; Graves Disease; Hashimoto Disease; Hormone Replacement Therapy	2013
Hypothyroxinemia and TPO-antibody positivity are risk factors for premature delivery: the generation R study. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2013, Volume: 98, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Female; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyr	2013
Is total thyroxine better than free thyroxine during pregnancy? American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2014, Volume: 211, Issue:2 Topics: Abruptio Placentae; Adult; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Com	2014
Maternal thyroid dysfunction during gestation, preterm delivery, and birthweight. The Infancia y Medio Ambiente Cohort, Spain. Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Birth Weight; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Iodine; Mothe	2015
Thyroid function and autoimmunity in Danish pregnant women after an iodine fortification program and associations with obstetric outcomes. European journal of endocrinology, 2015, Volume: 173, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Autoimmunity; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Female; Food, Fortified; Gestational A	2015
[Effect of the treatment acceptance on the perinatal outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism, positive thyroid gland peroxidase antibody in early pregnancy]. Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhi, 2015, Volume: 50, Issue:9 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Autoantibodies; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans;	2015
Effects of Levothyroxine Therapy on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism. Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2016, Volume: 26, Issue:7 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Apgar Score; Asymptomatic Diseases; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes, Ge	2016
Impact of Levothyroxine in Miscarriage and Preterm Delivery Rates in First Trimester Thyroid Antibody-Positive Women With TSH Less Than 2.5 mIU/L. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016, Volume: 101, Issue:10 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Autoantibodies; Autoantigens; Female; Humans; Iodide Perox	2016
Thyroid Autoimmunity Impairs the Thyroidal Response to Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: Two Population-Based Prospective Cohort Studies. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2017, 01-01, Volume: 102, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Autoantigens; Autoimmunity; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Follow-Up Studies	2017
Detection of circulating autoantibodies against thyroid hormones in an infant with permanent congenital hypothyroidism and her twin with transient congenital hypothyroidism: possible contribution of thyroid hormone autoantibodies to neonatal and infant hy Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM, 2008, Volume: 21, Issue:10 Topics: Autoantibodies; Autoantigens; Body Height; Body Weight; Child, Preschool; Congenital Hypothyroidism;	2008
Thyroid function and autoantibody status among women who spontaneously deliver under 35 weeks of gestation. Clinical endocrinology, 2009, Volume: 71, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Iodide Peroxidase; Pregnancy; Pregnancy	2009
Visual abilities at 6 months in preterm infants: impact of thyroid hormone deficiency and neonatal medical morbidity. Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2010, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Color Perception; Contrast Sensitivity; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Infant	2010
Maternal thyroid function at 11-13 weeks of gestation and spontaneous preterm delivery. Obstetrics and gynecology, 2011, Volume: 117, Issue:2 Pt 1 Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Female; Humans; Iodide Peroxidase; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Prematu	2011
The natural history of the hyperthyrotropinemia of children born prematurely. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2012, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Autoantibodies; Autoantigens; Blood Glucose; Child; Child, Preschool; Congenital Hypothy	2012
Mild maternal thyroid dysfunction at delivery of infants born ≤34 weeks and neurodevelopmental outcome at 5.5 years. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012, Volume: 97, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Brain; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cognition; Female; Follow-Up Stud	2012

thyroxine and Preterm Birth