thyroxine has been researched along with Depressive Disorder, Major in 32 studies
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.
Depressive Disorder, Major: Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " This study aimed to establish the effects of fluoxetine and sertraline treatments on thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity in patients with major depression and primary hypothyroidism and in patients with major depression and normal thyroid function." | 5.14 | Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on thyroid function in depressed patients with primary hypothyroidism or normal thyroid function. ( Bahls, SC; Boeving, A; de Carvalho, GA; Graf, H, 2009) |
| "Previously we found that late pregnancy total and free thyroxine (TT4, FT4) concentrations were negatively related to greater pre and/or postpartum depressive symptoms." | 3.83 | Late pregnancy thyroid-binding globulin predicts perinatal depression. ( Garcia, N; Johnson, J; Leserman, J; Meltzer-Brody, S; Pedersen, C; Stansbury, M, 2016) |
| "Hypothyroidism has been linked to depression as there is irrefutable evidence that it triggers affective disease and psychic disorders." | 2.49 | Hypothyroidism and depression: salient aspects of pathogenesis and management. ( Duntas, LH; Maillis, A, 2013) |
| "Thyroid dysfunction is common in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients; however, its relationship with psychotic depression (PD) remains unclear." | 1.91 | Association between thyroid hormones and comorbid psychotic symptoms in patients with first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder. ( Chen, S; Hao, Y; Li, H; Li, M; Liu, T; Liu, Y; Ma, Y; Peng, P; Ren, H; Wang, Q; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, Q; Yang, Q; Zhang, X; Zhou, Y, 2023) |
| "In adults with major depressive disorder (MDD), a dysfunction between the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis has been shown, but the interaction of both axes has not yet been studied in adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD)." | 1.62 | Lack of Evidence for a Relationship Between the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal and the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Adolescent Depression. ( Antel, J; Bühlmeier, J; Föcker, M; Grasemann, C; Hebebrand, J; Hinney, A; Hirtz, R; Holterhus, PM; Kiewert, C; Kulle, A; Libuda, L, 2021) |
| "rCBF in hypothyroidism was lower than in MDD in right posterior cingulate and parieto/occipital regions, and higher in frontal, prefrontal and sub-genual regions." | 1.34 | Brain SPECT study of common ground between hypothyroidism and depression. ( Barkai, G; Bocher, M; Bonne, O; Chisin, R; Freedman, N; Krausz, Y; Lerer, B; Lester, H; Levin, T, 2007) |
| "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis." | 1.33 | HPA- and HPT-axis alterations in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Assies, J; de Vries, GJ; Gersons, BP; Güzelcan, Y; Olff, M, 2006) |
| "This was an 8-week open study to investigate side effects and levels of thyroid hormones in 13 healthy controls and to compare results with those of 13 patients with refractory depression (unipolar and bipolar) undergoing the similar procedures and T(4) dosing regimen in a previous augmentation study." | 1.31 | Effects of supraphysiological thyroxine administration in healthy controls and patients with depressive disorders. ( Bauer, M; Baumgartner, A; Baur, H; Berghöfer, A; Hellweg, R; Müller-Oerlinghausen, B; Ströhle, A, 2002) |
| "One hundred and one patients with major depressive disorder receiving their first antidepressant for their current major depressant episode had baseline thyroid function test performed." | 1.30 | Peripheral thyroid hormone levels in treatment resistant depression. ( Joffe, RT, 1999) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 1 (3.13) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 2 (6.25) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 13 (40.63) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 11 (34.38) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 5 (15.63) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Soheili-Nezhad, S | 3 |
| Sprooten, E | 3 |
| Tendolkar, I | 3 |
| Medici, M | 4 |
| Peng, P | 1 |
| Wang, Q | 1 |
| Ren, H | 1 |
| Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Hao, Y | 1 |
| Chen, S | 1 |
| Wu, Q | 1 |
| Li, M | 1 |
| Wang, Y | 2 |
| Yang, Q | 1 |
| Wang, X | 1 |
| Liu, Y | 1 |
| Ma, Y | 1 |
| Li, H | 1 |
| Liu, T | 1 |
| Zhang, X | 1 |
| Zhang, H | 1 |
| Yuan, J | 2 |
| Zhang, Y | 2 |
| Wei, Y | 2 |
| Xu, L | 2 |
| Zhou, F | 2 |
| Fan, X | 2 |
| Kang, C | 2 |
| Yang, J | 2 |
| Kuś, A | 1 |
| Kjaergaard, AD | 1 |
| Marouli, E | 1 |
| Del Greco M, F | 1 |
| Sterenborg, RBTM | 1 |
| Chaker, L | 1 |
| Peeters, RP | 1 |
| Bednarczuk, T | 1 |
| Åsvold, BO | 1 |
| Burgess, S | 1 |
| Deloukas, P | 1 |
| Teumer, A | 1 |
| Ellervik, C | 1 |
| Hirtz, R | 1 |
| Libuda, L | 1 |
| Hinney, A | 1 |
| Föcker, M | 1 |
| Bühlmeier, J | 1 |
| Antel, J | 1 |
| Holterhus, PM | 1 |
| Kulle, A | 1 |
| Kiewert, C | 1 |
| Hebebrand, J | 1 |
| Grasemann, C | 1 |
| Peng, R | 1 |
| Dai, W | 1 |
| Li, Y | 1 |
| Asadikaram, G | 1 |
| Khaleghi, E | 1 |
| Sayadi, A | 1 |
| Foulady, S | 1 |
| Ghasemi, MS | 1 |
| Abolhassani, M | 1 |
| Garrusi, B | 1 |
| Nematollahi, MH | 1 |
| Feng, G | 1 |
| Homan, P | 1 |
| Drevets, WC | 1 |
| Hasler, G | 1 |
| Duntas, LH | 1 |
| Maillis, A | 1 |
| Wei, J | 2 |
| Sun, G | 2 |
| Zhao, L | 2 |
| Liu, X | 1 |
| Lin, D | 1 |
| Li, T | 1 |
| Ma, X | 2 |
| Baek, JH | 1 |
| Kang, ES | 1 |
| Fava, M | 1 |
| Mischoulon, D | 1 |
| Nierenberg, AA | 1 |
| Lee, D | 1 |
| Heo, JY | 1 |
| Jeon, HJ | 1 |
| Yang, X | 1 |
| Huang, B | 1 |
| Zhou, B | 1 |
| Tao, L | 1 |
| Pedersen, C | 1 |
| Leserman, J | 1 |
| Garcia, N | 1 |
| Stansbury, M | 1 |
| Meltzer-Brody, S | 1 |
| Johnson, J | 1 |
| Rucker, J | 1 |
| Cook, M | 1 |
| Stipcević, T | 1 |
| Pivac, N | 1 |
| Kozarić-Kovacić, D | 1 |
| Mück-Seler, D | 1 |
| de Carvalho, GA | 1 |
| Bahls, SC | 1 |
| Boeving, A | 1 |
| Graf, H | 1 |
| Plaza, A | 1 |
| Garcia-Esteve, L | 1 |
| Ascaso, C | 1 |
| Navarro, P | 1 |
| Gelabert, E | 1 |
| Halperin, I | 1 |
| Valdés, M | 1 |
| Martín-Santos, R | 1 |
| Philibert, RA | 1 |
| Beach, SR | 1 |
| Gunter, TD | 1 |
| Todorov, AA | 1 |
| Brody, GH | 1 |
| Vijayendran, M | 1 |
| Elliott, L | 1 |
| Hollenbeck, N | 1 |
| Russell, D | 1 |
| Cutrona, C | 1 |
| Pfeiffer, H | 1 |
| Scherer, J | 1 |
| Albus, M | 1 |
| Corruble, E | 1 |
| Berlin, I | 1 |
| Lemoine, A | 1 |
| Hardy, P | 1 |
| Bauer, M | 4 |
| Fairbanks, L | 1 |
| Berghöfer, A | 3 |
| Hierholzer, J | 2 |
| Bschor, T | 1 |
| Baethge, C | 1 |
| Rasgon, N | 1 |
| Sasse, J | 1 |
| Whybrow, PC | 2 |
| Monteleone, P | 1 |
| Fabrazzo, M | 1 |
| Martiadis, V | 1 |
| Serritella, C | 1 |
| Pannuto, M | 1 |
| Maj, M | 1 |
| Krausz, Y | 1 |
| Freedman, N | 1 |
| Lester, H | 1 |
| Barkai, G | 1 |
| Levin, T | 1 |
| Bocher, M | 1 |
| Chisin, R | 1 |
| Lerer, B | 1 |
| Bonne, O | 1 |
| Olff, M | 1 |
| Güzelcan, Y | 1 |
| de Vries, GJ | 1 |
| Assies, J | 1 |
| Gersons, BP | 1 |
| Łojko, D | 1 |
| Rybakowski, JK | 1 |
| Hellweg, R | 2 |
| Baumgartner, A | 3 |
| Joffe, RT | 1 |
| König, F | 1 |
| Hauger, B | 1 |
| von Hippel, C | 1 |
| Wolfersdorf, M | 1 |
| Kaschka, WP | 1 |
| Gyulai, L | 1 |
| Garcia-Espana, F | 1 |
| Baur, H | 1 |
| Ströhle, A | 1 |
| Müller-Oerlinghausen, B | 1 |
| Takahashi, S | 1 |
| Kondo, H | 1 |
| Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Ochi, Y | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Cross-over Trial of Hydrocortisone for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder[NCT00706173] | Phase 4 | 0 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-08-31 | Withdrawn (stopped due to Unable to recruit eligible subjects for the trial.) | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
2 reviews available for thyroxine and Depressive Disorder, Major
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Hypothyroidism and depression: salient aspects of pathogenesis and management.
Topics: Age Factors; Antidepressive Agents; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder, Major; Drug Res | 2013 |
[High dosage thyroxine treatment in therapy and prevention refractory patients with affective psychoses].
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration | 1998 |
3 trials available for thyroxine and Depressive Disorder, Major
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Neural correlates of free T3 alteration after catecholamine depletion in subjects with remitted major depressive disorder and in controls.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Case-Control Studies; Catecholamines; Cross-Over Studies; D | 2014 |
Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on thyroid function in depressed patients with primary hypothyroidism or normal thyroid function.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Autoantibodies; Depressive Disorder, Major; Fluoxetine; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodide | 2009 |
Should major depression with 'high normal' thyroid-stimulating hormone be treated preferentially with tricyclics?
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Antidepressive Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Tricycl | 2004 |
27 other studies available for thyroxine and Depressive Disorder, Major
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Exploring the Genetic Link Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Common Psychiatric Disorders: A Specific Hormonal or a General Autoimmune Comorbidity.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyroid Diseases | 2023 |
Exploring the Genetic Link Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Common Psychiatric Disorders: A Specific Hormonal or a General Autoimmune Comorbidity.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyroid Diseases | 2023 |
Exploring the Genetic Link Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Common Psychiatric Disorders: A Specific Hormonal or a General Autoimmune Comorbidity.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyroid Diseases | 2023 |
Exploring the Genetic Link Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Common Psychiatric Disorders: A Specific Hormonal or a General Autoimmune Comorbidity.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Thyroid Diseases | 2023 |
Association between thyroid hormones and comorbid psychotic symptoms in patients with first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder.
Topics: Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Thyroid Hormones; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; T | 2023 |
Neuroendocrine abnormalities associated with untreated first episode patients of major depressive disorder with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Biomarkers; Cohort Studies; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies | 2020 |
Thyroid Function and Mood Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Male; Me | 2021 |
Lack of Evidence for a Relationship Between the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal and the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Adolescent Depression.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypothala | 2021 |
Low serum free thyroxine level is correlated with lipid profile in depressive patients with suicide attempt.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Depressive D | 2018 |
Assessment of hormonal alterations in major depressive disorder: A clinical study.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disord | 2019 |
Neuroendocrine abnormalities associated with untreated first episode patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Endocrine System; | 2019 |
Hair thyroid hormones concentration in patients with depression changes with disease episodes in female Chinese.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; China; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Hair; Humans; Middle Aged; Severity of | 2014 |
Thyroid stimulating hormone and serum, plasma, and platelet brain-derived neurotrophic factor during a 3-month follow-up in patients with major depressive disorder.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Biomarkers; Blood Platelets; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Depres | 2014 |
Comparison of hair thyroid hormones between first-episode and recurrent patients with depression in female Chinese.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; China; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Hair; Humans; Middle Aged; Recurrence; | 2016 |
Late pregnancy thyroid-binding globulin predicts perinatal depression.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Depression, Postpartum; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Predictive Value | 2016 |
A case of prolonged seizure after ECT in a patient treated with clomipramine, lithium, L-tryptophan, quetiapine, and thyroxine for major depression.
Topics: Affect; Antidepressive Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Antimanic Agents; Antipsychotic Age | 2008 |
Thyroid activity in patients with major depression.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; | 2008 |
Childhood sexual abuse and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in postpartum major depression.
Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Autoantigens; Child; Child Abuse, Sexual; Depression, Postpartum; Depressive | 2010 |
The relationship of deiodinase 1 genotype and thyroid function to lifetime history of major depression in three independent populations.
Topics: Adult; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Genotype; Humans; Hypothalamus; Iodide Peroxidase; Male; | 2011 |
[High dose L-thyroxine in therapy refractory depression. Case analysis and catamnesis as quality control].
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Austria; Bipolar Disorder; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Depressiv | 2004 |
Bone mineral density during maintenance treatment with supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine in affective disorders: a longitudinal study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Bone Density; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dose-Resp | 2004 |
Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor is decreased in women with anorexia and bulimia nervosa but not in women with binge-eating disorder: relationships to co-morbid depression, psychopathology and hormonal variables.
Topics: Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Body Mass Index; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Bulimia; Comorbidity; D | 2005 |
Brain SPECT study of common ground between hypothyroidism and depression.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Case-Control Studies; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cohort | 2007 |
HPA- and HPT-axis alterations in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; H | 2006 |
L-thyroxine augmentation of serotonergic antidepressants in female patients with refractory depression.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Clomipramine; Depressive Disorder, Major; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Co | 2007 |
Peripheral thyroid hormone levels in treatment resistant depression.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Major; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Male; Sev | 1999 |
Effect of paroxetine on thyroid hormone levels in severely depressed patients.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Male; M | 2000 |
Bone mineral density in pre-and post-menopausal women with affective disorder treated with long-term L-thyroxine augmentation.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Bipolar Disorder; Bone Density; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; | 2001 |
Effects of supraphysiological thyroxine administration in healthy controls and patients with depressive disorders.
Topics: Adult; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Antidepressive Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive | 2002 |
Thyrotropin responses to TRH in depressive illness: relation to clinical subtypes and prolonged duration of depressive episode.
Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Ma | 1974 |