Page last updated: 2024-11-06

thyroxine and Affective Disorders

thyroxine has been researched along with Affective Disorders in 30 studies

Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Although supplementation with supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine (T4) has been an effective treatment for refractory affective disorders in open studies, questions remain as to the tolerability of this treatment."9.09Subjective response to and tolerability of long-term supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine in refractory mood disorders. ( Bauer, M; Berghöfer, A; Bschor, T; Kiesslinger, U; Priebe, S; Whybrow, PC, 2001)
"To investigate long-term effects of adjunctive prophylactic treatment with supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine (L-T4) on cardiovascular tolerability in 23 patients with treatment-refractory mood disorders."7.88Long-term treatment with supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine in treatment-refractory mood disorders - A prospective study of cardiovascular tolerability. ( Bauer, M; Berghöfer, A; Berghöfer, G; Kühnle, Y; Mayer-Pelinski, R; Möckel, M; Pilhatsch, M; Ricken, R; Sauer, C; Whybrow, PC, 2018)
"While clinical hypothyroidism is associated with frank neuropsychological and affective alterations and is considered one of the causes of reversible dementia, the occurrence of these alterations and their treatment in mild hypothyroidism (MH) remains a controversial issue."5.32Cognitive and affective status in mild hypothyroidism and interactions with L-thyroxine treatment. ( Blandini, F; Bono, G; Fancellu, R; Mauri, M; Santoro, G, 2004)
"Although supplementation with supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine (T4) has been an effective treatment for refractory affective disorders in open studies, questions remain as to the tolerability of this treatment."5.09Subjective response to and tolerability of long-term supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine in refractory mood disorders. ( Bauer, M; Berghöfer, A; Bschor, T; Kiesslinger, U; Priebe, S; Whybrow, PC, 2001)
"The efficacy resulting from adjunctive use of supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine has emerged as a promising approach to therapy and prophylaxis for refractory mood disorders."4.82Thyroid, brain and mood modulation in affective disorder: insights from molecular research and functional brain imaging. ( Bauer, M; Kirchheiner, J; London, ED; Rasgon, N; Silverman, DH; Whybrow, PC, 2003)
"A prospective cohort study was conducted, in which, patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid nodules were given oral L-T4 therapy after surgery, after meeting the criteria of TSH suppression therapy and thyroxine replacement therapy, respectively, the patients were continually given L-T4 therapy for 6 and 12 months, and then, the neuropsychological test was performed."3.91Naming difficulties after thyroid stimulating hormone suppression therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a prospective cohort study. ( Ai, JW; Bai, Y; Bao, W; Jin, S; Liu, Y; Yang, YT; Yong, H, 2019)
"To investigate long-term effects of adjunctive prophylactic treatment with supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine (L-T4) on cardiovascular tolerability in 23 patients with treatment-refractory mood disorders."3.88Long-term treatment with supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine in treatment-refractory mood disorders - A prospective study of cardiovascular tolerability. ( Bauer, M; Berghöfer, A; Berghöfer, G; Kühnle, Y; Mayer-Pelinski, R; Möckel, M; Pilhatsch, M; Ricken, R; Sauer, C; Whybrow, PC, 2018)
"To investigate the long-term effects of supraphysiological, TSH suppressive doses of levothyroxine (TSDL) on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with affective disorders during an average treatment duration of 69 months."3.78Long-term treatment with supraphysiological doses of thyroid hormone in affective disorders - effects on bone mineral density. ( Adli, M; Bauer, M; Bermpohl, F; Bschor, T; Mönter, N; Ricken, R; Schlattmann, P, 2012)
"Physicians should actively address psychiatric and cognitive aspects of hypothyroidism and in addition to thyroxine offer supportive treatment, especially to those depressed."3.71[Psychiatric and cognitive aspects of hypothyroidism]. ( Bjerke, SN; Bjøro, T; Heyerdahl, S, 2001)
"Serum free thyroxine (FT4) and total thyroxine (TT4) levels were measured at 2-week intervals during the course of hospitalization in 29 male inpatients in the following four diagnostic groups: paranoid schizophrenia (PS); undifferentiated schizophrenia; bipolar I disorder, manic; and major depressive disorder, endogenous type."3.67Serum thyroxine levels in schizophrenic and affective disorder diagnostic subgroups. ( Giller, EL; Kennedy, JL; Kosten, TR; Mason, JW, 1989)
"Overt hypothyroidism has major effects on neuropsychiatric function, but patients with mild hypothyroidism may attribute unrelated neuropsychiatric symptoms to their thyroid condition."2.50Psychiatric and cognitive manifestations of hypothyroidism. ( Samuels, MH, 2014)
"Hypothyroidism impacts aspects of cognitive functioning and mood."2.44Neuropsychiatric aspects of hypothyroidism and treatment reversibility. . ( Davis, JD; Tremont, G, 2007)
"The successful treatment of affective disorders with thyroid hormone exemplifies the suggested inter-relationship between endocrine and neuronal systems in these disorders."2.41Thyroid hormone, neural tissue and mood modulation. ( Bauer, M; Whybrow, PC, 2001)
"Also, depression is assessed with special focus on the two key symptoms: depressed mood and anhedonia."1.40The HAPPY study (Holistic Approach to Pregnancy and the first Postpartum Year): design of a large prospective cohort study. ( Broeren, MA; Kuppens, SM; Meems, M; Nabbe, KC; Oei, SG; Pop, VJ; Truijens, SE; van Son, MJ; Wijnen, HA, 2014)
"While clinical hypothyroidism is associated with frank neuropsychological and affective alterations and is considered one of the causes of reversible dementia, the occurrence of these alterations and their treatment in mild hypothyroidism (MH) remains a controversial issue."1.32Cognitive and affective status in mild hypothyroidism and interactions with L-thyroxine treatment. ( Blandini, F; Bono, G; Fancellu, R; Mauri, M; Santoro, G, 2004)
"Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed when FT4 >1."1.31High prevalence of thyroid abnormalities in a Chilean psychiatric outpatient population. ( Barroilhet, S; Fardella, C; Figueroa, R; Foradori, A; Gajardo, C; Gloger, S; Salgado, C; Santis, R, 2000)

Research

Studies (30)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19901 (3.33)18.7374
1990's6 (20.00)18.2507
2000's9 (30.00)29.6817
2010's12 (40.00)24.3611
2020's2 (6.67)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Tufekci, D1
Ayaz, T1
Sahin, SB1
Hocaoglu, C1
Romero-Gómez, B1
Guerrero-Alonso, P1
Carmona-Torres, JM1
Notario-Pacheco, B1
Cobo-Cuenca, AI1
Kuś, A1
Kjaergaard, AD1
Marouli, E1
Del Greco M, F1
Sterenborg, RBTM1
Chaker, L1
Peeters, RP1
Bednarczuk, T1
Åsvold, BO1
Burgess, S1
Deloukas, P1
Teumer, A1
Ellervik, C1
Medici, M1
Pilhatsch, M1
Berghöfer, A3
Mayer-Pelinski, R1
Berghöfer, G1
Ricken, R2
Möckel, M1
Kühnle, Y1
Sauer, C1
Whybrow, PC4
Bauer, M6
Jin, S1
Yang, YT1
Bao, W1
Bai, Y1
Ai, JW1
Liu, Y1
Yong, H1
Feng, G1
Kang, C1
Yuan, J1
Zhang, Y1
Wei, Y1
Xu, L1
Zhou, F1
Fan, X1
Yang, J1
Radhakrishnan, R1
Calvin, S1
Singh, JK1
Thomas, B1
Srinivasan, K1
Samuels, MH1
Truijens, SE1
Meems, M1
Kuppens, SM1
Broeren, MA1
Nabbe, KC1
Wijnen, HA1
Oei, SG1
van Son, MJ1
Pop, VJ1
Lombardi, CP1
Bocale, R1
Barini, A2
D'Amore, A1
Boscherini, M1
Bellantone, R1
Zepf, FD1
Vloet, TD1
Polier, GG1
Baurmann, D1
Bubenzer, S1
Helmbold, K1
Gaber, TJ1
Schmidt, T1
Herpertz-Dahlmann, B1
Wöckel, L1
Bermpohl, F1
Schlattmann, P1
Bschor, T3
Adli, M2
Mönter, N1
Jaracz, J1
Kucharska, A1
Rajewska-Rager, A1
Lacka, K1
Joffe, RT1
Pearce, EN1
Hennessey, JV1
Ryan, JJ1
Stern, RA1
Baumgartner, A1
Kiesslinger, U2
Hellweg, R1
Baethge, C1
Müller-Oerlinghausen, B1
London, ED1
Silverman, DH1
Rasgon, N1
Kirchheiner, J1
Bono, G1
Fancellu, R1
Blandini, F1
Santoro, G1
Mauri, M1
Danilo, Q1
Gloger, S2
Valdivieso, S1
Ivelic, J1
Fardella, C2
Davis, JD1
Tremont, G1
Del Zompo, M1
Bocchetta, A1
Loviselli, A1
Martino, E1
Post, RM2
Ketter, TA2
Baldini, IM1
Vita, A1
Mauri, MC1
Amodei, V1
Carrisi, M1
Bravin, S1
Cantalamessa, L1
Parekh, PI1
Altshuler, L1
Frye, MA1
Callahan, A1
Marangell, L1
Deodhar, SD1
Singh, B1
Pathak, CM1
Sharan, P1
Kulhara, P1
Figueroa, R1
Santis, R1
Gajardo, C1
Salgado, C1
Barroilhet, S1
Foradori, A1
Priebe, S1
Bjerke, SN1
Bjøro, T1
Heyerdahl, S1
Szabadi, E1
Little, KY1
Kearfott, KS1
Castellanos, X1
Rinker, A1
Whitley, R1
Mason, JW1
Kennedy, JL1
Kosten, TR1
Giller, EL1

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Bio-psycho-social Correlates of Psychological Distress in Patients With Graves' Disease in Euthyroid Status[NCT02620085]500 participants (Anticipated)Observational2011-07-31Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

6 reviews available for thyroxine and Affective Disorders

ArticleYear
Psychiatric and cognitive manifestations of hypothyroidism.
    Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2014, Volume: 21, Issue:5

    Topics: Cognition Disorders; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Executive Function; Hormone Replacement Thera

2014
Subclinical hypothyroidism, mood, and cognition in older adults: a review.
    International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cognition Disorders; Consensus; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Hypoth

2013
Thyroid hormone, neural tissue and mood modulation.
    The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 2001, Volume: 2, Issue:2

    Topics: Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Mood Disorders; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroxine

2001
Thyroid, brain and mood modulation in affective disorder: insights from molecular research and functional brain imaging.
    Pharmacopsychiatry, 2003, Volume: 36 Suppl 3

    Topics: Animals; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Limbic System; Mood Disorders; Norepinephr

2003
[Mood disorders, psychopharmacology and thyroid hormones].
    Revista medica de Chile, 2004, Volume: 132, Issue:11

    Topics: Central Nervous System; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Mood Disorders;

2004
Neuropsychiatric aspects of hypothyroidism and treatment reversibility. .
    Minerva endocrinologica, 2007, Volume: 32, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Animals; Autoantibodies; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cognition Dis

2007

Trials

5 trials available for thyroxine and Affective Disorders

ArticleYear
Comparative study between the effects of replacement therapy with liquid and tablet formulations of levothyroxine on mood states, self-perceived psychological well-being and thyroid hormone profile in recently thyroidectomized patients.
    Endocrine, 2017, Volume: 55, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Affect; Drug Compounding; Female; Health Status; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Insulin

2017
Supraphysiological doses of L-thyroxine in the maintenance treatment of prophylaxis-resistant affective disorders.
    Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2002, Volume: 27, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug R

2002
Relationships between thyroid hormone and antidepressant responses to total sleep deprivation in mood disorder patients.
    Biological psychiatry, 1998, Mar-01, Volume: 43, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Mood Disorders; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales;

1998
Thyroid functions in lithium-treated psychiatric patients: a cross-sectional study.
    Biological trace element research, 1999, Volume: 67, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lithium; Mal

1999
Subjective response to and tolerability of long-term supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine in refractory mood disorders.
    Journal of affective disorders, 2001, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug

2001

Other Studies

19 other studies available for thyroxine and Affective Disorders

ArticleYear
The "Non-Treated" Versus "LT3-Treated" Protocols of Short-Term Hypothyroidism Induction in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: An Analysis of Hypothyroid Complications, Mood Disorders, and Quality of Life.
    Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2023, Volume: 55, Issue:7

    Topics: Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Mood Disorders; Quality of Life; Thyroid Neoplasms; Th

2023
Mood Disorders in Levothyroxine-Treated Hypothyroid Women.
    International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019, 11-28, Volume: 16, Issue:23

    Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Mood Disorders; Prevalence; Surveys and

2019
Thyroid Function and Mood Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
    Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2021, Volume: 31, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Male; Me

2021
Long-term treatment with supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine in treatment-refractory mood disorders - A prospective study of cardiovascular tolerability.
    Journal of affective disorders, 2018, 10-01, Volume: 238

    Topics: Adult; Affect; Antidepressive Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrocardiography; Female;

2018
Naming difficulties after thyroid stimulating hormone suppression therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a prospective cohort study.
    Endocrine, 2019, Volume: 65, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Anomia; Carcinoma; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Male;

2019
Neuroendocrine abnormalities associated with untreated first episode patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.
    Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2019, Volume: 107

    Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Endocrine System;

2019
Thyroid dysfunction in major psychiatric disorders in a hospital based sample.
    The Indian journal of medical research, 2013, Volume: 138, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Mood Di

2013
The HAPPY study (Holistic Approach to Pregnancy and the first Postpartum Year): design of a large prospective cohort study.
    BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2014, Sep-08, Volume: 14

    Topics: Anhedonia; Autoantibodies; Breast Feeding; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Delivery,

2014
No association between affective and behavioral dysregulation and parameters of thyroid function in youths.
    Journal of affective disorders, 2011, Volume: 134, Issue:1-3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Child; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Male; M

2011
Long-term treatment with supraphysiological doses of thyroid hormone in affective disorders - effects on bone mineral density.
    Journal of affective disorders, 2012, Volume: 136, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Bone Density; Female; Femur Neck; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Mi

2012
Cognitive functions and mood during chronic thyrotropin-suppressive therapy with L-thyroxine in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2012, Volume: 35, Issue:8

    Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Cell Differentiation; Cognition Disorders; Depression; Female; Humans; Hypert

2012
Cognitive and affective status in mild hypothyroidism and interactions with L-thyroxine treatment.
    Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2004, Volume: 110, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Attention; Cognition Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Female; Homeostasis;

2004
Thyroid function during carbamazepine.
    Biological psychiatry, 1994, Jul-15, Volume: 36, Issue:2

    Topics: Carbamazepine; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Mood Disorders; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroid Hormones; Thy

1994
Psychopathological and cognitive features in subclinical hypothyroidism.
    Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 1997, Volume: 21, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; Cognition Disorders; Depression; Female; Goite

1997
High prevalence of thyroid abnormalities in a Chilean psychiatric outpatient population.
    Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2000, Volume: 23, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies; Chile; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypo

2000
[Psychiatric and cognitive aspects of hypothyroidism].
    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 2001, Aug-30, Volume: 121, Issue:20

    Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Cognition Disorders; Depression; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Male; Men

2001
Thyroid dysfunction and affective illness.
    BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1991, Apr-20, Volume: 302, Issue:6782

    Topics: Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Mood Disorders; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland; Thyroxine

1991
Increased detection of elevated TSH using immunoradiometric assay.
    Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 1990, Volume: 35, Issue:4

    Topics: Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Immunoradiometric Assay; Mental Disorders; Moo

1990
Serum thyroxine levels in schizophrenic and affective disorder diagnostic subgroups.
    The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 1989, Volume: 177, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mo

1989