thymic-factor--circulating and Postoperative-Complications

A complex pathogenetic approach to the prevention of postoperative complications in generalized fibrinopyogenic peritonitis is suggested. It includes a wide operative access, one-stage cleansing with antiseptics and detoxification solutions, ultrasonic cavitation of the abdominal cavity, creation of laparostomy, local infiltration of the wound edges with 0.01% thymalin solution, correction of hemostasis disorders, and increase of the organism's general reactivity. With the use of this complex the results of treatment were significantly improved in 21 children and the number of complications was much less than in the control group of patients subjected to operation.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Peritonitis; Postoperative Complications; Sorption Detoxification; Suppuration; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Thymus Hormones; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

Patients undergoing successful kidney transplantation often manifest overt hypophosphatemia associated with exaggerated phosphaturia during the early post-transplant period (2 weeks to 3 months). The mechanism for this phenomenon has not been fully elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that a circulating serum factor [non-parathyroid hormone (non-PTH)], which operates during chronic renal failure (CRF) to maintain phosphate (Pi) homeostasis, can increase fractional excretion of Pi (FE(PO4)) in normal functioning kidney grafts during the early post-transplant period, thereby causing phosphaturia and hypophosphatemia.. Five groups of patients were studied: control subjects (group 1, N = 16), "early" (2 weeks to 1 month) post-transplant patients (group 2, N = 22), "late" (9 to 12 months) post-transplant patients (group 3, N = 14), patients with advanced CRF (glomerular filtration rate = 30 to 40 mL/min; group 4, N = 8), and patients who suffered from end-stage renal failure and were treated by chronic hemodialysis (group 5, N = 14). Group 2 manifested significant hypophosphatemia and phosphaturia when compared with groups 1 and 3 (Pi = 0.9 +/- 0.003 mg/dL, FE(PO4) = 68+/- 5%, P < 0.0005 vs. groups 1 and 3). Sera were taken from each of the five subject groups and applied to the proximal tubular opossum kidney (OK) cells. The activity of Na/Pi-type 4 (that is, OK-specific type II transporter) was evaluated by measuring Na(+)-dependent (32)Pi flux. The expression of Na/Pi type II mRNA and the abundance of Na/Pi protein were determined by Northern and Western blot assays, respectively.. When compared with sera from groups 1 and 3, 10% sera taken from groups 2, 4, and 5 (incubated overnight with OK cells) inhibited (32)Pi flux by 25 to 30% (P < 0.0003). Both Na/Pi mRNA and the expression of Na/Pi protein were markedly augmented under the same conditions (P < 0.05 groups 2, 4, and 5 vs. groups 1 and 3). Time-course analysis revealed that the up-regulation of Na/Pi protein by sera from groups 2, 4, and 5 was observed as early as four hours of incubation, whereas augmented abundance of Na/Pi mRNA was only seen after eight hours of incubation. The addition of PTH (1-34) to sera from groups 2, 4, and 5 abolished the augmented expression of NaPi protein. We labeled OK cell surface membrane proteins with N-hydroxysuccinimide bound to biotin (NHS-SS-biotin). Biotinylated transporters incubated with the different sera were precipitated by strepavidin and identified by Western blot analysis. Cells incubated in sera from group 2 showed increased membrane bound transporter when compared with control sera, whereas the intracellular pool of the transporter was comparable between the two groups.. A non-PTH circulating serum factor (possibly phosphatonin) that increases FE(PO4) during CRF is also responsible for phosphaturia and hypophosphatemia in the early period following successful kidney transplantation. The putative factor inactivates Na/Pi activity along with inhibition of the transporter trafficking from the cell membrane into the cytosol.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Biological Transport; Blood; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Female; Humans; Hypophosphatemia; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Opossums; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Postoperative Complications; RNA, Messenger; Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins; Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type II; Symporters; Thymic Factor, Circulating

The influence of immunoactive medicines on the cell immunity have been studied. There were differences in reaction to T-activin and Thymalin between various patients with septic postoperative complications. Thymalin stimulated T-cells while acting with immunoglobulins or immune plasmas only. T-activin led to the increase in the number of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes independently of it's cooperation with the vaccines. The stimulating effect of myelopid demonstrated itself by increase in the number of B-lymphocytes and immunoglobulins M and G after 14 days of treatment. The positive clinical effect was more impressive when immunomodulators were used in combinations with the vaccines; still it did not correlate completely with the dynamics of the cell immunity parameters.

Topics: Activins; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Bone Marrow; Empyema, Pleural; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Lymphocyte Subsets; Oligopeptides; Osteomyelitis; Peptides; Peritonitis; Phagocytosis; Postoperative Complications; Suppuration; Surgical Wound Infection; Thymus Extracts; Thymus Hormones; Time Factors

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Phagocytosis; Postoperative Care; Postoperative Complications; Preoperative Care; Thymus Hormones

Topics: Abortion, Induced; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Peritonitis; Postoperative Complications; Pregnancy; Puerperal Infection; Thymus Hormones