thromboplastin and Stomach-Neoplasms

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare clinicopathological entity causing severe pulmonary hypertension (PH). Its histological features include widespread tumor emboli of the small arteries and arterioles of the lung, associated with thrombus formation and fibrocellular and fibromuscular intimal proliferation. Although PTTM has drawn increased attention as a fatal complication of gastric carcinoma (GC), comprehensive studies are still lacking. In order to clarify clinical and pathological features of GC-induced PTTM, recent autopsy cases were analyzed with a review of the literature. Of 36 autopsy cases with GC, 6 (16.7%) were affected by PTTM. Four were male and 2 female, with a mean age of 72.7 years. Three patients presented with PTTM-related clinical manifestations and died of PTTM. They showed clear morphological evidence of PH. The other 3 patients had PTTM as an incidental finding irrespective of clinical manifestations or PH. No patient was diagnosed antemortem as PTTM. All PTTM cases were associated with advanced GC, with a histology of adenocarcinoma of poorly differentiated type (n=4) or signet-ring cell type (n=2). Expression of tissue factor and vascular endothelial growth factor was confirmed immunohistochemically in tumor cells in all cases. The results were all in line with previous studies. In addition, the current study revealed vascular lesions characteristic of PTTM morphology to be present exclusively in the lung. In conclusion, our study shows a 16.7% incidence of PTTM in GC patients, with half of them developing PH and dying of PTTM, confirming a clinical significance as a non-negligible lethal complication of GC. In addition to many known clinicopathological characteristics of PTTM, the current study pointed to some PTTM issues requiring clarification, including the pathogenesis of the exclusive pulmonary distribution of vascular lesions of PTTM. Since details remain to be elucidated, interdisciplinary research is a high priority with a close collaboration between pathologists and clinicians in order to overcome this lethal condition.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Autopsy; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell; Cell Differentiation; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Immunohistochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Thrombotic Microangiopathies; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Tissue factor (TF), the trigger protein of the extrinsic blood coagulation cascade, is abundantly expressed in various cancers including gastric cancer. Anti-TF monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) capable of targeting cancers have been successfully applied to armed antibodies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and molecular imaging probes. We prepared an anti-TF mAb, clone 1084, labeled with astatine-211 (

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Ascorbic Acid; Astatine; Blood Coagulation; Body Weight; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Heterografts; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Linear Energy Transfer; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Protein Denaturation; Radiation-Protective Agents; Radioimmunotherapy; Receptor, ErbB-2; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

to study the expression of the tissue factor (TF) and its correlation with prognosis and survival in patients with gastric carcinoma.. we measured the immunohistochemical expression of TF in 50 specimens of gastric adenocarcinomas from patients submitted to curative surgery. We then compared the intensity of its expression with clinical and pathological data, TNM staging, prognostic factors and survival.. all tumors displayed TF expression; the intensity of TF expression was not associated with TNM stage, clinical or pathological variables or general survival.. TF has a high expression in gastric carcinoma, but that it is not useful as a prognostic marker.. estudar a expressão do fator tecidual (FT) e sua correlação com o prognostico e sobrevida em pacientes com carcinoma gástrico.. verificamos a expressão imuno-histoquímica do FT em 50 espécimes de adenocarcinomas gástricos de pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico com intenção curativa. A intensidade da sua expressão foi comparada com dados clínicos e patológicos, estadiamento TNM, fatores prognósticos e sobrevida.. houve expressão do FT em todos os tumores; a intensidade de expressão do FT não foi associada com estágio TNM, variáveis clínicas ou patológicas ou sobrevida geral.. este estudo mostra que o FT tem uma expressão elevada em carcinoma gástrico, mas que este não é útil como marcador de prognóstico.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Brazil; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

Tissue factor (TF) is expressed abnormally in certain types of tumor cells, closely related to invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to construct a human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 stably-transfected with human TF, and observe effects on oxaliplatin-dependent inhibition of invasion and the apoptosis induction.. The target gene TF was obtained from human placenta by nested PCR and introduced into the human gastric cell line SGC7901 through transfection mediated by lipofectamine. Stably-transfected cells were screened using G418. Examples successfully transfected with TF-pcDNA3 recombinant (experimental group), and empty vector pcDNA3 (control group) were incubated with oxaliplatin. Transwell chambers were used to show change in invasive ability. Caspase-3 activity was detected using a colorimetric method and annexin-V/PI double- staining was applied to detect apoptosis.. We generated the human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/TF successfully, expressing TF stably and efficiently. Compared with the control group, invasion increased, whereas caspase-3 activity and apoptosis rate were decreased in the experimental group.. TF can enhance the invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Its increased expression may reduce invasion inhibition and apoptosis-inducing effects of oxaliplatin and therefore may warrant targeting for improved chemotherapy.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Caspase 3; Cell Adhesion; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Female; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Organoplatinum Compounds; Oxaliplatin; Placenta; Pregnancy; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Tissue factor (TF), which has a role in normal tissue haemostasis, was reported to be aberrantly expressed, associated with higher microvascular density and a poor prognosis in intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma in the Japanese population. This is the first study to look at the relationship of TF and the metaplasia-adenoma-carcinoma sequence (MACS) of gastric cancer in a European population.. The expression of TF was examined immunohistochemically in 191 gastric tissue samples: (13: normal; 18: intestinal metaplasia; 160: gastric adenocarcinoma) from the European population.. TF was not expressed in normal gastric mucosal cells. A strong intensity of staining was found in intestinal metaplasia cells but in 2 of 18 samples. TF expression increased with advancing stage of gastric cancer (P<0.0001, Jonckheere's test for ordered medians). Stage 3-4 gastric cancers preferentially expressed TF (34%, P=0.04). In comparison with the Japanese study, TF was not expressed at a higher level in intestinal vs diffuse-type gastric cancers and expression had 'no prognostic' significance.. TF may be involved in tumour progression along the MACS of gastric cancer in the European population and is shown to start in precancerous lesions. However, clinical features may differ due to differences in biological features in the two populations, as reflected by differences in TF expression profile.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma; Disease Progression; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Metaplasia; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; White People

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) has been known as a rare and serious cancer-related pulmonary complication. However, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this debilitating condition still remains obscure and no effective management was recommended. The present study aims to elucidate the pathophysiology of PTTM.. Autopsy records were searched to extract cases of pulmonary tumor embolism induced by metastasis of gastric carcinoma in the Toho University Omori Medical Center from 2000 to 2006. And then, tissue sections of extracted cases were prepared for not only light microscopic observation but morphometric analysis with the use of selected PTTM cases.. Six autopsies involved PTTM and clinicopathological data of them were summarized. There was a significant negative association between pulmonary arterial diameter and stenosis rate in four cases. Although all cases showed an increase of stenosis rate to some degree, the degree of stenosis rate varied from case to case. Significant differences were found for average stenosis rate between the under 100 micrometer group or the 100 to 300 micrometer group and the 300 micrometer group in four cases. However, no significant differences were found for average stenosis rate between the under 100 micrometer group and the 100 to 300 micrometer group in all cases. Meanwhile, all cases showed positive reactivity for tissue factor (TF), five showed positive reactivity for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and three showed positive reactivity for osteopontin (OPN).. In the present study, we revealed that the degree of luminal narrowing of the pulmonary arteries varied from case to case, and our results suggested that pulmonary hypertension in PTTM occurs in selected cases which have a widespread pulmonary lesion with severe luminal narrowing in the smaller arteries. Furthermore, our immunohistochemical examination indicated that gastric carcinoma indicating PTTM shows a higher TF-positive rate than typical gastric carcinoma. However, it remains still obscuring whether gastric carcinoma indicating PTTM shows a higher VEGF or OPN-positive rate as determined by immunohistochemistry.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Osteopontin; Pulmonary Artery; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Thrombotic Microangiopathies; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Tissue factor (TF), which normally safeguards vascular integrity by inducing hemostasis upon injury, has received widespread attention in the pathogenesis of cancer progression and metastasis. Aberrantly expressed TF in cancer cells has been reported to be associated with advanced stages of malignancy in various cancers.. The expression of TF and microvessel density (MVD) were immunohistochemically evaluated in 207 gastric cancers, and their relationship with clinicopathological features was examined.. TF was preferentially expressed (41.8%) in intestinal-type cancer at a significantly higher rate than that in diffuse-type cancer (12.1%, P<0.0001). The expression of TF was associated with advanced stage of disease and showed a positive correlation with a higher rate of lymphatic and venous invasion and lymphatic metastasis in intestinal-type, but not in diffuse-type carcinoma. Moreover, TF expression was associated with high MVD in the tumor and a worse outcome only in intestinal-type carcinoma.. TF may be critically involved in tumor progression in intestinal-type, but not in diffuse-type, gastric carcinoma. The difference in clinical features between these two histological types might be partially dependent on TF expression profile.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell; Female; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Lymph Node Excision; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Prognosis; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy is an unusual malignancy-related respiratory complication characterized by multiple microthrombi and intimal myofibroblast proliferation. Its clinical manifestation is subacute respiratory failure with pulmonary hypertension. Herein is reported a case of pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy associated with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. A 51-year-old woman with gastric cancer died of subacute respiratory failure. Autopsy showed gastric signet ring cell carcinoma with diffuse metastasis of pulmonary lymphatics and pleurae; every organ examined lacked a space-occupying tumor mass. Histologically, proliferated intimal myofibroblasts obliterated most of the pulmonary vascular lumen, and a few stenosed vascular lumina contained cancer cells. In addition, pulmonary vasculature associated with intimal proliferation contained microthrombi. Most cancer cells in the stomach and pulmonary lymphatics were typical signet ring cells, whereas those in vascular lesions were cells of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma without mucous production. Consistent with a previous report, the latter expressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tissue factor (TF). The proliferated intimal myofibroblasts also expressed type 2A serotonin receptor (5-HT(2A)). These findings suggest that local expression of VEGF, TF, and 5-HT(2A) may be linked to the pathogenesis of this unusual pulmonary complication.

Topics: Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell; Endothelium, Vascular; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Respiratory Insufficiency; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboembolism; Thromboplastin; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare clinicopathological entity causing severe pulmonary hypertension. Its histological features include widespread tumor emboli along with fibrocellular intimal proliferation and thrombus formation in the small arteries and arterioles of the lungs. The result is occlusion or stenosis of the pulmonary vasculature, but the detailed pathogenesis has yet to be clarified in spite of the serious clinical manifestations. Herein is described the case of a 62-year-old man with a gastric adenocarcinoma who died of sudden cardiopulmonary arrest. The autopsy revealed advanced cancer disease as well as findings of PTTM, which seemed to be the cause of his unexpected death. The carcinoma cells were immunohistochemically positive for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and also for tissue factor (TF). There is another report suggesting that TF might play an important role in the pathogenesis of PTTM. Also, VEGF has been reported to be involved in a variety of forms of pulmonary hypertension and to be upregulated by TF. These findings suggest that VEGF and TF may be involved in the pathogenesis of PTTM. The present PTTM case, in which the tumor cells demonstrate the coexpression of VEGF and TF, is important in facilitating understanding of the lethal disorder in the future.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboembolism; Thromboplastin; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Tissue factor (TF), an initiator of the extrinsic coagulation cascade, is expressed in a wide range of cancer cells and plays important roles in cancer progression and metastasis. We demonstrated between TF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production differences in four human gastric cell lines. One of these cell lines, SGC-7901, a high TF and VEGF producer, was grown subcutaneously in severe combined immuno-deficient (SCID) mice. The SCID mice generated solid tumors characterized by intense vascularity. In contrast, SGC-7901 cells transfected with antisense TF cDNA generated relatively avascular tumors in SCID mice, as determined by immunohistochemical staining of tumor vascular endothelial cells with anti-VIII factor antibody. To investigate the structure-function relationship between TF and VEGF, the SGC-7901 cell line was transfected with antisense a full-length TF cDNA, a cytoplasmic deletion mutant lacking the distal three serine residues (potential substrates for protein kinase C), or an extracellular domain mutant, which has markedly diminished function for activation of factor X. Cells transfected with the full-length antisense TF sequence produced decreased levels of both TF and VEGF. Transfectants with the extracellular domain mutant produced high levels of VEGF mRNA. However, cells transfected with the cytoplasmic deletion mutant construct produced increased levels of TF, but little or no VEGF. Thus, the cytoplasmic tail of TF may signal VEGF expression in some tumor cells.

Topics: Animals; DNA, Antisense; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Sequence Deletion; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Tissue factor (TF), the primary physiologic initiator of coagulation cascade, is involved in the process of angiogenesis of various malignancies. This study was designed to investigate the correlation of TF expression to angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma, and to study its clinical significance.. The expression of TF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in 80 specimens of gastric carcinoma and 20 specimens of normal gastric tissue was detected by EnVision immunohistochemistry. Tumor microvessel density (MVD) was evaluated using anti-CD34 antibody as an endothelial marker with the same technique as well.. Positive rates of TF and VEGF, and the mean value of MVD were significantly higher in gastric carcinoma than in normal gastric tissue (65.00% vs. 5.00%, P<0.01; 67.50% vs. 5.00%, P<0.05; and 36.14+/-9.94 vs. 12.10+/-3.27, P<0.05). TF expression was positively correlated with VEGF expression and MVD value (P<0.05). TF expression was correlated to the overall survival times of patients, TNM stage, and liver metastasis (P<0.05).. Overexpression of TF relates with angiogenesis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Antigens, CD34; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Prognosis; Stomach Neoplasms; Survival Rate; Thromboplastin; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

To study the changes of hemostatic molecular markers in patients with gastric or intestinal cancer for elucidating their clinical significance.. The plasma levels of tissue factor (TF), thrombin antithrombin complex (TAT), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA), urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (u-PAR) and plasmin antiplasmin complex (PAP) were measured by ELISA. Gene transcription of TF, t-PA, u-PA mRNA were detected by real-time RT-PCR.. The plasma levels of TF, TAT, u-PA, u-PAR and PAP were elevated in gastric or intestinal cancer patients (P < 0.05), while u-PA, u-PAR remarkably increased in patients with local infiltration, lymph node involvement or distal metastasis (P < 0.01). Plasma level of TF, TAT, PAP were remained higher than control even after surgery. TF, u-PA mRNA were higher (P < 0.01) and t-PA was lower (P > 0.05) in gastric or intestinal cancer compared to normal tissue.. Their existed over expression of TF and u-PA, increasing formation of thrombin and plasminogen in gastric or intestinal cancer patients. Hypercoagulability and hyperfibrinolysis were important factors related with metastasis potential of gastric or intestinal cancer. t-PA may be a character of well differentiated tissue. Quantitative detection of TF and u-PA gene expression by the method of real-time RT-PCR is feasible for them as observation markers in gastric or intestinal cancer patients.

Topics: Adult; Blood Coagulation; Female; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Thromboembolism frequently complicates gastric cancer. This study examined the solid phase interaction between gastric cancer and coagulation proteins in situ that may explain coagulation activation and that may contribute to tumor progression and angiogenesis in this tumor type. Immunohistochemical techniques were applied to tissues from 37 cases of adenocarcinoma of the stomach obtained at surgical resection. Fibrinogen was present throughout the tumor stroma. Fibrin and its D-dimer cross-link sites occurred at the host-tumor interface. Subunit "a" of factor (F) XIII and F VII, IX, X, and XII were observed on cancer cells. Prothrombin and prothrombin fragment F1+2 (F1+2) were demonstrated in the tumor stroma on cancer cells and on small blood vessels. Tissue factor (TF) was present on cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Protein C was observed on cancer cells and small blood vessels, whereas protein S was present only in the vascular bed. There was no staining for tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). High-molecular-weight (HMW) urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA) antigen was not detected, but weak and inconsistent staining for low-molecular-weight (LMW) u-PA was demonstrated on cancer cells. Weak staining for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) occurred on cancer cells and in the tumor stroma. In contrast, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression was strong in the tumor stroma, along with PAI-2 and PAI-3. The endothelium of small stromal blood vessels, particularly near the host-tumor interface, demonstrated von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF Ag). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was present on cancer cells and stromal macrophages. These results demonstrate tumor cell-associated TF-dependent extravascular coagulation activation in situ in gastric cancer that does not appear to be counterbalanced by TFPI or sufficient fibrinolytic activity. Colocalization of VEGF with hemostatic proteins suggests that they may cooperate in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.

Topics: Blood Coagulation; Blood Coagulation Factors; Case-Control Studies; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neoplasm Proteins; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

The cancer procoagulant (CP) activity has been evaluated in homogenates of stomach and esophagus cancer tissues and in patients serum. Activity of CP in homogenates of stomach and esophagus cancer tissues as well as in serum of examined cancer patients were statistically higher than in the control group. The data indicate that estimation of CP activity in the neoplasmic tissues homogenates and in serum may be suggested as an new biochemical marker of cancer process useful in oncological diagnosis.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Values; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

The ability of anionic phospholipids (especially phosphatidylserine, PS) on the outer membrane leaflet of four tumour cell lines to support different stages of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation was probed using annexin V as an inhibitor. The procoagulant activity of two tumorigenic (MKN-28, human gastric carcinoma, Hep3B, human hepatoblastoma) and two non-tumorigenic (HepG2, human hepatocellular, HOC-1, human ovarian carcinoma) cell lines were observed to be inhibited by annexin V, although significant differences (observed as IC50 with respect to annexin V) were noted for each stage of coagulation and between different cell types. This was considered to suggest a restricted accessibility of PS in the vicinity of coagulation factors on the surface of the cell. PS levels, as estimated by binding of 125I-annexin V, were high on two of the cell lines tested, equivalent to 24 x 10(6) sites per cell for HepG2 (Kd 128 nM) and 6.5 x 10(6) sites per cell for MKN-28 (Kd 50 nM). During 9 days' culturing of HepG2 and MKN-28, the number of sites per cell remained constant. However, perhaps supporting a proposal of reduced availability, there was an observed fall in PS-dependent procoagulant activity of HepG2 and MKN-28 cells, subsequent to a peak on reaching confluency at 3 days. Both prothrombinase activity and total procoagulant activity fell, even though the number of 125I-annexin V binding sites remained constant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Anions; Annexin A5; Blood Coagulation; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Female; Hepatoblastoma; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Liver Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Phosphatidylserines; Phospholipids; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Plasma or serum extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI) activity was measured in 24 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and in 23 patients with severe hepatocellular disease. EPI was measured as activity in a test sample that inhibited factor VIIa/tissue factor (TF)-catalyzed activation of 3H-factor IX (activation peptide release) in the presence of factor X. Of the 24 patients with DIC, 13 had sepsis and five had metastatic carcinoma, disorders in which tissue factor is believed to initiate DIC. EPI activity ranged from 68% to 300% (mean 134% +/- 50%). Serial measurements in nine patients failed to show depletion of EPI activity coincident with worsening DIC. DIC induced by tissue factor or other activating materials may progress despite normal EPI levels. In the patients with liver disease, of whom 15 had decompensated chronic hepatocellular disease (two fatal cases) and eight had acute fulminant liver failure (seven fatal cases), plasma or serum EPI activity varied from less than 20% to 194%. Values were distributed in a bimodal fashion. EPI activity could not be correlated with either the etiology of the liver disease or the degree of prolongation of the prothrombin time. Patients with chronic hepatocellular disease who survived had normal or elevated EPI activity. Patients with fatal hepatic dysfunction had low, normal, or high values for EPI activity. This must mean that secretion of EPI from cells other than hepatocytes can maintain normal plasma EPI levels.

Topics: Acinetobacter Infections; Adult; Chronic Disease; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Factor VII; Factor VIIa; Female; Humans; Liver Diseases; Male; Mediastinitis; Middle Aged; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

Topics: Aged; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Humans; Male; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

Procoagulant activity of gastric cancer tissues and leukocytes obtained from various types of leukemia have been studied with special reference to TTP. The following results were obtained. Homogenates of APL leukocytes and gastric cancer tissues contained strong procoagulant activities, most of which have been identified as TTP since the activities were neutralized by a specific antibody against purified human placenta TTP, inactivated by the removal of phospholipid with heptane-butanol mixture, and inactivated by the addition of phospholipase C. The delipidated homogenates regained procoagulant activities by relipidation procedures. These results also confirmed that TTP from APL leukocytes and gastric cancer tissues have the same lipoprotein properties as those of TTP in normal tissues. Though slight proteolytic activity and fibrinolytic activity were demonstrated in the homogenate of gastric cancer tissues, it was noted that the TTP activity was different from these two activities by partial purification of TTP from gastric cancer tissues. The TTP activity of 9 homogenates of gastric cancer tissues was 301 +/- 289 (mean +/- SD) units per mg protein, being higher in homogenates of mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma than in those of tubular and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The mean TTP activity of leukocyte homogenates from 14 patients with APL and one out of 4 patients with CML in blastic crisis was 81 +/- 76 units/10(7) cells. The TTP activity of the homogenates of leukocytes from 7 out of 18 patients with AML and another patient with CML in blastic crisis ranged from one to six units/10(7) cells with a mean of 3.3 +/- 1.2. The TTP activity of leukocyte homogenates from the other 11 cases of AML, two cases of CML in blastic crisis, 6 cases of CML, and one case each of ALL and CLL were less than one unit/10(7) cells. In leukemic patients, all cases with a value of more than 202 for the product of units of TTP activity per 10(7) cells and differential count (%) of leukemic cells in the bone marrow smear (MU value) were accompanied by DIC. The MU value of leukemic patients correlated well to the plasma fibrinogen and serum FDP levels. All patients with a MU value of more than 277 died of DIC when a sufficient amount of heparin was not administered. On the other hand, no DIC developed in any of the patients with a MU value of less than 90.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Topics: Blood Coagulation; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of 8 lines of cultured human gastric cancer cells were estimated both in cell lysate and serum-free supernatant fraction. Furthermore, cell lysates with differing levels of thromboplastic activity were injected intravenously into congenitally athymic nude mice and the role of this activity in thrombus formation was examined. Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of the cell lysate and the serum free-supernatant fraction varied from one line to another. There was no apparent correlation between these activities and the degree of histological differentiation of the original tumor. The thromboplastic activity was factor VII-dependent and factor IX-independent, indicating that it was attributable to tissue thromboplastin, although some factor VII-independent thromboplastic activity was also included in the cell lysate of two lines. Intravenous injection of the cell lysate with high thromboplastic activity produced more thrombi in the lung than that with low thromboplastic activity. This suggests that thromboplastic activity of cancer cells might play a significant role in the development of the hypercoagulable state in patients with gastric cancer.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasms, Experimental; Plasminogen; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin

Thromboplastic and fibrinolytic activities of 14 lines of cultured human cancer cells were estimated by modified Astrup's methods. High tissue thromboplastic activity was found in one line of urinary-bladder cancer, 2 lines of gastric cancer and one line of lung cancer, but no activity was found in 6 lines of lung cancer. High fibrinolytic activity was noted in one line of gastric cancer and 2 lines of lung cancer, but no activity was seen in 6 lines of lung cancer and one line of gastric cancer. No plasmin activity was found. The tumour cell lines could be classified into 3 groups on the basis of the 2 activities. Cancer cell lines could also be classified into 2 groups: with high or low release of thromboplastin into culture media. Fibrinolytic activity was found in the culture media of all cell lines with high fibrinolytic activity. Fibrinolytic activity, but not thromboplastic activity, seemed to be influenced by the constituents of culture media. No definite correlation was found between the 2 activities and the histological types of the parent tumours of the cultured cells.

Topics: Blood Coagulation; Cell Line; Factor IX; Factor VII; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboplastin; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Animals; Blood Coagulation; Carcinoma; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Female; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prothrombin; Rabbits; Stomach Neoplasms; Thrombin; Thromboplastin

Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anemia, Aplastic; Blood Coagulation; Blood Coagulation Tests; Blood Transfusion; Capillary Fragility; Centrifugation; Female; Fibrinolysin; Fibrinolysis; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hematuria; Hemostasis; Hepatitis; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid; Male; Middle Aged; Prothrombin Time; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer; Thrombin; Thromboangiitis Obliterans; Thromboplastin

Topics: Anticoagulants; Blood Coagulation Factors; Blood Coagulation Tests; Esophageal Neoplasms; Factor VII; Fibrinogen; Heparin; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Prothrombin; Stomach Neoplasms; Thromboembolism; Thromboplastin

Topics: Carcinoma; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Stomach Neoplasms; Thrombophlebitis; Thromboplastin