thiourea and Shock

In vivo effect of isothiourea derivatives on NO production was studied by the method of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with a spin trap. We evaluated the influence of these compounds on hemodynamic parameters in anesthetized rats with hypovolemic shock. A correlation was found between the size of S,N-substituents in isothiourea derivatives (methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl) and NO inhibitory activity of compounds. The antihypotensive effect was more pronounced in compounds with high NO inhibitory activity containing the isopropyl radical.

Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hemodynamics; Hypotension; Male; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Shock; Thiourea

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of exogenous histamine and histamine blockers on blood glucose and hepatic glycogen in the rat. Forty-one nonfasted male Sprague-Dawley rats that had been anesthetized with intraperitoneal injections of urethane were injected intravenously (femoral) with histamine (10 mg/kg) five minutes after pretreatment with Ringer's solution (control), diphenhydramine (1 mg/kg) (H-1 blocker); metiamide (1 mg/kg) (H-2 blocker); or a combination of these blockers. Mean arterial pressure (carotid), blood glucose, and hepatic glycogen were measured. Within 30 minutes, histamine evoked a significant increase in blood glucose, and a decrease in hepatic glycogen, and a reduction in blood pressure. However, rats treated with the H-2 blocker metiamide or with a combination of H-1 and H-2 blockers did not show as significant a hypotensive response as rats treated with the H-1 blocker diphenhydramine alone. The hyperglycemic-glycogenolytic response to histamine was modified by diphenhydramine as well as by a combination of blockers, but not by metiamide alone. These results suggest that a) the hypotension did not initiate the hyperglycemic and glycogenolytic response; b) the H-2 blocker metiamide has little effect on the hyperglycemic response to exogenous histamine; and c) the H-1 blocker diphenhydramine may have antihyperglycemic properties.

Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Diphenhydramine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Histamine; Hyperglycemia; Isotonic Solutions; Liver Glycogen; Male; Metiamide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Ringer's Solution; Shock; Thiourea

Topics: Animals; Blood Substitutes; Burns; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Guanylthiourea; Homeostasis; Microcirculation; Oxygen Consumption; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Shock; Sodium Chloride; Thiourea

Topics: Drug Combinations; Humans; Penicillins; Shock; Sulfadiazine; Sulfonamides; Thiourea; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Histamine; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Shock; Thiourea; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Shock; Thiourea