thiourea and Pain

In a multicentre double-blind trial 68 patients with endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulceration received metiamide (36 patients) or placebo (32 patients) for four weeks. Healing of duodenal ulcers was significantly increased in patients receiving metiamide (67%) compared with those on placebo (25%). There was also an assoicated significant decrease in daytime pain and antacid consumption in those on metiamide.

Topics: Antacids; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Duodenal Diseases; Duodenal Ulcer; Enteritis; Humans; Metiamide; Pain; Thiourea

Thirty patients with symptoms of duodenal ulceration were treated for five to eight weeks in a double-blind trial with either metiamide 1 g daily by mouth or a placebo. In the 15 patients receiving metiamide there were significant reductions in nocturnal pain and antacid consumption. Daytime pain was diminished. The results suggest that histamine H2-receptor antagonists are likely to be useful in the medical management of the symptoms of duodenal ulceration.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Antacids; Clinical Trials as Topic; Duodenal Ulcer; Female; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Metiamide; Pain; Placebos; Thiourea

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO(2)) therapy is reported to cause pain relief in several conditions of chronic pain. A single 60-minute session of HBO(2) treatment produced a prolonged antinociceptive effect in mice that persisted for 90 minutes after cessation of treatment. The HBO(2)-induced antinociception was significantly attenuated by pretreatment before HBO(2) exposure with the opioid antagonist naltrexone, the nonspecific nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and the selective neuronal NOS-inhibitor S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline (SMTC) but not the selective endothelial NOS-inhibitor N(5)-(1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine (L-NIO). The antinociception was also significantly reduced by central pretreatment with a rabbit antiserum against dynorphin(1-13) but not by rabbit antisera against either beta-endorphin or methionine-enkephalin. The prolonged antinociceptive effect at 90 minutes after HBO(2)-induced treatment was also significantly attenuated by naltrexone but not L-NAME administered 60 minutes after HBO(2) treatment but before nociceptive testing. These findings indicate that the antinociception that persists for 90 minutes after HBO(2) exposure is mediated by nitric oxide (NO) and opioid mechanisms but that the NO involvement is critical during the HBO(2) treatment and not at the time of nociceptive testing. These results are consistent with the concept that HBO(2) may induce an NO-dependent release of opioid peptide to cause a long-acting antinociceptive effect.. This article presents evidence of a persistent antinociceptive effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment that is mediated by opioid and NO mechanisms. Further elucidation of the underlying mechanism could identify molecular targets to cause a longer-acting activation of endogenous pain-modulating systems.

Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Citrulline; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Microinjections; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Pain; Pain Measurement; Thiourea

Metiamide was given to patients with peptic ulcer or oesophagitis in a pilot study to establish the therapeutic value of the drug. Administration of metiamide resulted in relief of pain within a week in the majority of patients. Healing of duodenal and gastric ulcers was observed.

Topics: Duodenal Ulcer; Esophagitis; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastric Juice; Humans; Metiamide; Nausea; Pain; Pancreatitis; Secretory Rate; Stimulation, Chemical; Stomach Ulcer; Thiourea; Time Factors

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Duodenal Ulcer; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Parasympatholytics; Placebos; Sensory Receptor Cells; Stomach; Sulfides; Thiourea; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Feces; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Methanol; Mice; Pain; Peritonitis; Rats; Suspensions; Tetracaine; Thiourea

Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dapsone; Epistaxis; Eye Manifestations; Humans; Imines; Lepromin; Leprosy; Neurologic Manifestations; Pain; Phenazines; Sulfonamides; Sulfones; Thioacetazone; Thiourea