thiouracil and Thyroid-Neoplasms

Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Brain Neoplasms; Gold Isotopes; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Liver Neoplasms; Mercury Isotopes; Neoplasm Metastasis; Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyrotropin

Topics: Adenoma; Animals; Dogs; Fluorenes; Humans; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Mice; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Radiation Effects; Radiotherapy; Rats; Sheep; Thiouracil; Thiourea; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Adenoma; Alpha-Globulins; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Beta-Globulins; Blood Proteins; Child; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Organ Specificity; Serum Globulins; Species Specificity; Thiouracil; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroiditis; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Thyrotropin; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Cortisone; Drug Therapy; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Kidney; Kidneys, Artificial; Nephrocalcinosis; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Renal Insufficiency; Rickets; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms; Water-Electrolyte Balance

To investigate the cell cycle kinetics during the tumor promotion process induced by hypothyroidism in a rat model of thyroid follicular cell carcinogenesis, immunohistochemical analysis of cell cycle molecules and related signaling molecules was performed in conjunction with analysis of cell proliferation activity in an initiation-promotion model. Male F344 rats were injected with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine, and one week later treated with 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) at 12ppm in the drinking water for 4, 10 or 15 weeks. At each time point, proliferative lesions increased the expression of cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)-2, in association with the development of lesion stages from the early focal hyperplasia to the late carcinoma, while a subpopulation of proliferative lesions showed decreased numbers of both cell division cycle-2- and Ki-67-positive cells at week 15 compared with that at week 10, suggesting a reduced promoting effect of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone in the sensitive cellular population after long-term exposure to PTU. On the other hand, increased immunolocalization of phosphorylated and inactive glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta was observed in a subpopulation of proliferative lesions, in parallel with the cyclins and Cdk2. Nuclear immunoreactivity of phosphorylated and inactive retinoblastoma (Rb) protein was also increased in association with lesion development, with carcinomas showing increased cytoplasmic localization. The results suggest that proliferative lesions activate the cell cycle machinery following tumor promotion via a regulatory mechanism involving inactivation of GSK3beta and Rb protein, the latter signaling mechanism involving its aberrant nucleocytoplasmic transport for the acquisition of a malignant phenotype.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Adenoma; Animals; Carcinogens; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Nucleus; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Nitrosamines; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Retinoblastoma Protein; Signal Transduction; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms

Transplantable tumours were induced in the thyroids of Fischer 344 rats fed thiouracil (TU) in a moderately low iodine diet for 8-13 months. Pieces of hyperplastic thyroid were implanted subcutaneously into rats fed a TU containing diet. Almost all implants gave rise to very small vascularized transplants but there were three significantly larger, pieces of which were transplanted again and gave rise to the tumour lines. From the third transplantation generation on, pieces of tumours were implanted into rats treated to have elevated circulating thyrotropin and a group fed a high iodine diet. With some exceptions, the implants grew only in rats fed the TU or a low iodine diet and yielded TSH-dependent tumours. Almost all the tumours observed initially were papillary, and most of the remainder had colloid-filled follicles bounded by columnar cells. One line of tumours was of the latter type for eight generations. The others had more complex histories, in which there were sublines that were papillary for eight or nine generations, whereas, others became progressively more cellular or follicular, and more heterogeneous with respect to histological types present per section at rates that varied with the subline. The large number of population doublings necessary to make a one gram tumour from a single original tumour cell indicates that the cells of dependent papillary tumours were immortalized.

Topics: Animals; Carcinogens; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Female; Hyperplasia; Male; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Pedigree; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyrotropin

Topics: Animals; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms

There are very few proliferating cells in the thyroid gland of normal adult rats, as measured by the labeling and mitotic index. One-tenth % 4-methyl-2-thiouracil in drinking water induced an exponential increase of thyroid weight after a lag phase of 2 days; the increase continued for 8 days and was followed by a plateau phase. The following sequence of events was found for the number of dividing follicular and stroma cells as well as for DNA synthesis: no significant changes during the 1st 2 days, a sharp increase between the 2nd and 8th days, a decrease between the 8th and 14th days, and an almost constant flow until the 24th day. Three-hundred rads of X-rays given to a nonproliferating thyroid gland induced tumor growth in 25% of the animals 18 months after irradiation. The same dose of irradiation, applied to a proliferating thyroid gland, increased the tumor incidence to 30% when administered in the lag phase, to 75% when administered at the peak of the proliferating phase, and to 62.5% when administered at the plateau phase. Subsequent treatment of irradiated animals with 4-methyl-2-thiouracil enhanced the number and the size of the thyroid tumors and lead to the occurrence of more carcinomas than appeared in animals treated with X-rays only or 4-methyl-2-thiouracil only.

Topics: Animals; Cell Division; DNA; Male; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Organ Size; Radiation Dosage; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Time Factors

Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Chemistry; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Goiter; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Imidazoles; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lithium; Perchlorates; Pregnancy; Thiouracil; Thyroid (USP); Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Adult; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Neoplasm Metastasis; Radioisotope Teletherapy; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy, High-Energy; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Antithyroid Agents; Carbimazole; Chromatography, Paper; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Humans; Imidazoles; Male; Methimazole; Methylthiouracil; Propylthiouracil; Rats; Sulfur Isotopes; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Adenoma; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Perchlorates; Thiouracil; Thyroglobulin; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Animals; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasm Transplantation; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Adenoma; Antithyroid Agents; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Imidazoles; Iodine; Perchlorates; Potassium; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Animals, Newborn; Chromatography; Iodine Isotopes; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms; Pathology; Rats; Research; Thiouracil; Thymectomy; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroxine; Toxicology; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Adenoma; Animals; Carcinogens; Carcinoma; Fluorenes; Methylthiouracil; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms, Experimental; Propylthiouracil; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Goiter; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Mice; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pituitary Neoplasms; Radiography, Thoracic; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Chlorides; Cobalt; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Microscopy; Pathology; Thiouracil; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroiditis; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Toxicology

Topics: Humans; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Neoplasm Metastasis; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyrotropin

Topics: Animals; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Fluorenes; Methylthiouracil; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Methylthiouracil; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Neoplasms; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Viscera

Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cholinergic Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Female; Goiter; Hyperplasia; Neoplasms; Neostigmine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Neoplasms; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Neoplasms; Radioisotopes; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Iodides; Neoplasms; Pituitary Diseases; Pituitary Gland; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Methylthiouracil; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Aging; Animals; Carcinogenesis; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Neoplasms; Rats; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Mice; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Carcinoma; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Neoplasms; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Endocrine System Diseases; Mice; Neoplasms; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Sciences; Nutritional Status; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Carcinoma; Humans; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Neoplasms; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Carcinoma; Hyperplasia; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms