thiouracil and Graves-Disease

Vasculitis associated to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies is a rare complication of therapy with antithyroid medication. They were mainly reported in patients treated with propylthiouracil and rarely with benzylthiouracil.. We report a 22-year-old woman treated with benzylthiouracil for Graves' disease, who developed a vasculitic skin involvement. The presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with anti-myeloperoxidase specificity was documented. The discontinuation of benzylthiouracil was followed by a complete disappearance of skin lesions and of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.. To our knowledge, only ten cases of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies vasculitis induced by benzylthiouracil have been previously reported in the literature. Our patient was characterized by the occurrence of isolated cutaneous vasculitis, without renal involvement. Early discontinuation of benzylthiouracil may have prevented the occurrence of severe visceral complication.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Ecchymosis; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Thiouracil; Withholding Treatment

Vasculitis is a rare complication of antithyroid drugs reported with propylthiouracil, carbimazole, methimazole and we describe the first case with benzylthyouracil. Renal involvement during thyroid auto-immune diseases and during vasculitis as complication of antithyroid drugs will be discussed.. We present a case study of 28-year-old female patient with Graves' disease diagnosed in 1996 and treated by benzylthiouracil for 2 years. The thyroid function was poorly controlled, so surgical treatment was indicated in May 1998. One month later, she developed vasculitis with pulmonary and renal involvement. Her renal function deteriorated rapidly. On admission, the additional laboratory findings showed hematuria, proteinuria of 1.44 g/day and serum creatinine level at 1000 mumol/l. She had myeloperoxidase-anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, antithyroglobulin and antimicrosome antibodies. A renal biopsy revealed pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis with 75% sclerous crescents. Chest-X-ray showed unilateral alveolar shadowing and a bronchio-alveolar lavage revealed lymphocytic alveolitis. She was treated with high dose of prednisolone and cyclophosphamide. After a follow-up of 18 months, the serum creatinine level decreased at 186 mumol/l and chest-X-ray returned to normal.. Some cases of vasculitis associated with anti-thyroid drug treatment are reported.

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Autoantibodies; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Graves Disease; Humans; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Thiouracil; Vasculitis

Topics: Adenoma; Carbimazole; Child; Eye Manifestations; Female; gamma-Globulins; Graves Disease; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Hyperthyroidism; Iodides; Iodine Isotopes; Long-Acting Thyroid Stimulator; Pregnancy; Sweating; Thiouracil; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroidectomy; Thyroxine

Topics: Adult; Child; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Eye Manifestations; Female; Glucocorticoids; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Imidazoles; Infant, Newborn; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Myxedema; Perchlorates; Potassium; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Propranolol; Reserpine; Thiouracil; Thyroid Crisis; Thyroidectomy

A retrospective study on the prognosis of Graves disease was carried out. 224 cases, whose treatment has been stopped for 6 months to more than 10 years, were divided into 3 groups. 82 cases received long-term antithyroid drug therapy, 100 cases were treated with radioactive 131I and 42 cases had subtotal thyroidectomy. The prognosis was evaluated for 4 items according to clinical and laboratory investigations. The cured rate of long-term drug therapy in this study was higher than that reported by most of other authors, 131I therapy was the best among the 3 modalites of therapy. The incidence of permanent hypothyroidism was fairly low in the thyroidectomy group. 97.3% of the patients with exophthalmos showed improvement after treatment in all the 3 groups.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graves Disease; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Thiouracil; Thyroidectomy

Drug induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis is a rare complication associated especially with propylthiouracil (PTU). Prevalence of ANCA in patients receiving PTU is well established. Few cases of vasculitis were also reported with benzylthiouracil (BTU). The objective of this study is to clarify the prevalence of ANCA in patients receiving BTU.. ANCA were investigated by indirect immunofluoresence and enzyme linked immunosorbant assay in 159 patients with Graves' disease (86 untreated and 73 treated with BTU).. ANCA were positive in three (3.5%) untreated patients and 27 (37%) treated ones. Titres of ANCA varied between 1:20 and 1:200. There was a significant association between BTU treatment and ANCA (p<0.001). ANCA were directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO) in 28 (93.3%) patients. Median treatment duration was 24 months (ranges 0.5 to 144 months). There was no significant association between treatment duration and ANCA. Vasculitis was found in two (2.7%) treated patients. One patient has developed isolated cutaneous vasculitis and the other one a pulmonary vasculitis with diffuse alveolar haemorrhage.. BTU therapy is characterised by a high prevalence of ANCA mainly but not exclusively directed against MPO. However, vasculitis remains a rare complication.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antithyroid Agents; Autoantigens; Autoimmune Diseases; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Graves Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peroxidase; Thiouracil; Vasculitis; Young Adult

We report the case of a female patient who developed polymorphic expressions of neutrophilic dermatosis associated with p-ANCA while receiving benzylthiouracil for hyperthyroidism.. A 41-year-old-woman was treated with benzylthiouracil for Basedow's disease. After 21 months of therapy, she developed fever with different expressions of neutrophilic dermatosis: pyoderma gangrenosum of feet, Sweet's syndrome of the forearms and the face. Biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of neutrophilic dermatosis. The histological examination of a skin specimen taken from the developing border of a foot lesion showed polynuclear neutrophilic infiltration with leucocytoclastic vasculitis and the presence of anti-myeloperoxydase p-ANCA. Abdominal ultrasound showed multiple splenic microabscesses. The myelogram, gastroscopy and colonoscopy findings were normal. Benzylthiouracil was stopped and systemic corticosteroid therapy resulted in regression of the skin lesions and splenic microabscesses.. Different types of neutrophilic dermatosis were described in our case, confirming the notion of neutrophilic dermatosis continuum. The occurrence of neutrophilic dermatosis and p-ANCA after benzylthiouracil therapy suggests the involvement of polynuclear neutrophils in a common pathogenic mechanism. However, to date there have been no other reports analogous to ours, and inclusion of neutrophilic dermatosis as a benzylthiouracil-induced adverse effect would require confirmation by other instances of such associations.

Topics: Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Biopsy; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Neutrophils; Pyoderma Gangrenosum; Skin Diseases; Thiouracil

Vasculitis with antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been reported in patients treated with anti-thyroid drugs, especially propylthiouracil. Benzylthiouracil, which exhibits similar structural likeness with propylthiouracil, has been recently observed to be associated with Anca-positive vasculitis.. We present a study of three women with Grave's disease aged 21, 37 and 40 years, who were treated with benzylthiouracil. These patients developed vasculitis characterized by constitutional symptoms (two patients), joint pain (two patients), renal involvement (two patients), pulmonary hemorrhage (one patient) and multiple neuropathy (one patient). All patients presented p-ANCA with anti-MPO pattern. Discontinuation of benzylthiouracil and treatment with corticosteroids improved systemic involvement in all patients.. Much like other anti-thyroid drugs, benzylthiouracil can be associated with ANCA-positive vasculitis. Because of the gravity of this complication, clinical monitoring is recommended in patients taking benzylthiouracil. If vasculitis develops, the anti-thyroid drug should be discontinued and corticosteroid treatment, with immunosuppressors in some cases, is initiated.

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antithyroid Agents; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Myelography; Peroxidase; Thiouracil; Vasculitis; Young Adult

Vasculitis associated to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is a rare complication of therapy with antithyroid medication. They were mainly described in patients treated with propylthiouracil (PTU), carbimazole, methimazole and rarely by benzylthiouracil (Basden). We report a case of 12-years-old girl treated by benzylthiouracil for Grave's disease who developed after 2 years vasculitis associated with cutaneous involvement (generalized ulcer necrotic purpura) and glomerulonephritis with proteinuria of 24 hours at 26 mg/kg/day, microscopic hematuria and renal failure with creatinemia level at 135 micromol/l. The ANCA type antiMPO (myeloperoxidase) was positive. The histology study of the renal needle biopsy was in favour with focal necrotizing glomerulonephritisand crescents with different evolutive stages. The discontinuation of benzylthiouracil and the treatment by the corticoids involved a disappearance of cutaneous lesions, a negative result of proteinuria, a normalization of the renal function (creatinemia=84 micromol/l) and a disappearance of hematuria and ANCA. These results permitted to announce hypothesis that benzylthiouracil was implicated in development of vasculitis associated to ANCA.

Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antithyroid Agents; Child; Female; Graves Disease; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Thiouracil; Treatment Outcome; Uridine Phosphorylase; Vasculitis

Benzylthiouracil has been recently observed to be associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive vasculitis, resulting in crescentic glomerulonephritis. We report an 8-year-old girl treated with benzylthiouracil for Graves's disease who developed an ANCA-positive vasculitis with pulmonary hemorrhage. She responded to corticosteroids and discontinuation of benzylthiouracil. This represents the first pediatric case of benzylthiouracil-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Child; Female; Graves Disease; Hemorrhage; Humans; Lung Diseases; Thiouracil; Vasculitis

Vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been reported in patients suffering from Graves' disease treated with anti-thyroid drugs and especially propylthiouracil (PTU).. We report a case of Graves' disease treated with benzylthiouracil (Basdène). This therapy was complicated by acute renal insufficiency due to crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with pANCA. After benzylthiouracil withdrawal and under corticosteroids, renal insufficiency, biological inflammation and pANCA levels decreased.. Similar vasculitis associated with pANCA secondary to anti-thyroid drugs, especially propylthiouracil, were described. This suggests a causal relation between drug and vasculitis. To our best knowledge, it is the first case of vasculitis secondary to benzylthiouracil.

Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Glomerulonephritis; Graves Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Thiouracil; Uridine Phosphorylase; Vasculitis

Placenta growth factor (PlGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represent two closely related angiogenic growth factors active as homodimers or heterodimers. Since goiters of the thyroid gland are extremely hypervascular, we investigated the expression of PlGF, VEGF and their receptors, Flt-1 and Flk-1/KDR, in a small panel of human goiters from patients with Graves's disease, in an animal model of thyroid goitrogenesis and in in vitro cultured thyroid cells. Here we report that the mRNA expression of PlGF, VEGF and their receptors is markedly enhanced in biopsies of goiters resected from Graves's patients. In vivo studies demonstrated that in the thyroid gland of thiouracil-fed rats, increased mRNA and protein expression of PIGF, VEGF, Flt-1 and Flk-1/KDR occurred subsequent to the rise in the serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and in parallel with thyroid capillary proliferation. In vitro studies confirmed the existence of such TSH-dependent paracrine communication between thyroid epithelial cells and endothelium since the conditioned medium collected from TSH-stimulated thyrocytes acquired mitogenic activity for human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells. Altogether, these data suggest that PlGF and VEGF, released by thyrocytes in response to the chronic activation of the TSH receptor pathway, may act through a paracrine mechanism on thyroid endothelium.

Topics: Animals; Antithyroid Agents; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Conditioned; Endothelial Growth Factors; Endothelium, Vascular; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Lymphokines; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Placenta Growth Factor; Pregnancy Proteins; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, Growth Factor; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; RNA, Messenger; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Umbilical Veins; Up-Regulation; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

To elucidate the pathogenesis of thyroid gland hypervascularity in patients with Graves' disease, we studied the expression of mRNAs for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, Flt family, using human thyroid follicles in vitro and thiouracil-fed rats in vivo. Human thyroid follicles, cultured in the absence of endothelial cells, secreted de novo-synthesized thyroid hormone in response to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and Graves' IgG. The thyroid follicles produced VEGF mRNA but not flt-1 mRNA. The expression of VEGF mRNA was enhanced by insulin, tumor-promoting phorbol ester, calcium ionophore, dibutyryl cAMP, TSH, and Graves' IgG. When rats were fed thiouracil for 4 wk, their serum levels of TSH were increased at day 3. VEGF mRNA was also increased on day 3, accompanied by an increase in flt family (flt-1 and KDR/ flk-1) mRNA expression. These in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that VEGF is produced by thyroid follicles in response to stimulators of TSH receptors, via the protein kinase A and C pathways. VEGF, a secretable angiogenesis factor, subsequently stimulates Flt receptors on endothelial cells in a paracrine manner, leading to their proliferation and producing hypervascularity of the thyroid gland, as seen in patients with Graves' disease.

Topics: Animals; Bucladesine; Calcimycin; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Conditioned; DNA Probes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelial Growth Factors; Gene Expression; Graves Disease; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Insulin; Kinetics; Lymphokines; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Rats; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, Growth Factor; RNA, Messenger; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Thyrostatic treatment of pregnant women with Graves' disease is a special problem. Observation of 46 pregnancies of 35 women suffering from Graves' disease has been summarized. The outcome was successful in 45 cases. Methimazole and propylthiouracil was administered to the patients without thyroxine. Therapy was needed for the two thirds of the mothers. At the end of the second trimester the thyrostatic agent could have been withdrawn in the 77% of the cases. Antithyroid treatment administered in low dose at the time of conception did not affect the outcome. Premature delivery rate and the number of neonates with low weight did not increased. Transient hyperthyrotropinaemia was observed in one case. Likewise, one infant suffered from neonatal thyrotoxicosis. 37% of the mothers had postpartal recurrence of hyperthyroidism.. the free thyroxin level monitoring is essential during thyrostatic treatment. Thyrotropin receptor antibody investigation, having predictive value for neonatal thyrotoxicosis, should be done, too. Postpartal thyroid control is necessary for elucidate a hyperthyroid relapse, the rate of which was almost 40%.

Topics: Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Methimazole; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Prognosis; Recurrence; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis; Thyroxine; Treatment Outcome

The present study was undertaken to examine the response rate of thyrotoxicosis in patients with diffuse toxic goitre to thiouracil drug treatment for 1 year in an Irish population, reported to have a low iodine intake. Evidence exists that a low iodine intake is associated with a high long-term remission rate for drug treatment of diffuse toxic goitre. Seventy-five patients participated with 45% of patients entering into long-term remission which has been maintained for a mean of 52.5 +/- 38.8 months. Fifty-five per cent of patients demonstrated relapse at a mean of 7.4 +/- 10.4 months following the withdrawal of thiouracil treatment. These findings were similar to those reported from countries with abundant iodine intake. The data in the present study confirms the usefulness of drug treatment for diffuse toxic goitre in an Irish population but the reported iodine deficiency does not appear to confer a particular advantage.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carbimazole; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Iodine; Ireland; Male; Middle Aged; Remission Induction; Thiouracil; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antithyroid Agents; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graves Disease; Humans; Male; Methimazole; Thiouracil; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Triiodothyronine

A study was performed to observe serum TSH response following TRH injection (TRH test) in 79 cases of Graves' disease (male 23, female 56, aged 16-70 years old), before and during treatment by antithyroid drug, in a total of 244 occasions. Treatment was mostly the daily administration of methyl-mercaptoimidazole (MMI), and in one case of propylthiouracil (PTU). TRH test was conducted by i.v. administration of 500 mug synthetic TRH, and subsequent 6 blood drawing until 2 hours. Serum TSH was measured by radioimmunoassay in each serum, and serum T4, T3, RT3U and cholestrol were measured in the serum before TRH injection. In some cases, the results of TRH test were compared with those of T3 131I thyroidal uptake suppression test, using the 131I uptake values at 20 min. and 24 hours. Results were obtained as follows: 1) Some cases showed positive TRH test at the early stage of treatment when the patients were in eumetabolic states, while many patients showed no TSH response in spite of their long maintenance at eumetabolic states. 2) When both serum T4 and T3 were high, all cases showed no response of TSH. When serum T4 alone was high, all cases except one case showed no response;whereas when serum T3 alone was high, 5 cases showed normal response. When both serum T4 and T3 were below normal, 2 cases showed no response. When serum T4 was low, all cases showed response; whereas when serum T3 alone was low, 6 cases showed no response. Thus, there was no positive correlation between TSH reactivity and serum concentrations of thyroid hormones. 3) No correlation was observed between TSH reactivity and the period after the onset of hyperthyroidism. 4) In 57 cases of Graves' disease, who were under treatment and in eumetabolic states, a comparison was made between TSH reactivity and the results of T3 suppression test. In T3 suppressed group, 19 showed response, and 3 showed no response; whereas in T3 non-suppressed group, 18 showed response and 17 showed no response. In the group of T3 non-suppression as well as in the group of T3 non-suppression plus TRH no response, there was a significant elevation of serum T3 compared with the control group. 5) TRH test does not appear to be an appropriate test as a predictive method to know the permanent remission of Graves' disease.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Male; Methimazole; Middle Aged; Thiouracil; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyrotropin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

Topics: Eye; Eye Movements; Graves Disease; Humans; Optometry; Oscillometry; Photometry; Reaction Time; Thiouracil; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Follow-Up Studies; Graves Disease; Humans; Middle Aged; Thiouracil; Time Factors

Topics: Adenoma; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Perchlorates; Thiouracil; Thyroglobulin; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Aged; Exophthalmos; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Male; Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic; Thiouracil

Topics: Adenoma; Antithyroid Agents; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Imidazoles; Iodine; Perchlorates; Potassium; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Thiouracil; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Diiodotyrosine; Graves Disease; Humans; Imidazoles; Iodine; Postoperative Complications; Preoperative Care; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Chlorides; Cobalt; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Microscopy; Pathology; Thiouracil; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroiditis; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Toxicology

Topics: Carcinoma; Endometriosis; Endometritis; Female; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Isotopes; Myxedema; Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Salpingitis; Thiouracil; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroidectomy; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Female Genital; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Guanethidine; Humans; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Isotopes; Methylthiouracil; Perchlorates; Radiotherapy; Thiouracil; Thiourea; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Graves Ophthalmopathy; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Iodine Isotopes; Prednisone; Thiouracil; Thyrotropin

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Immunologic Tests; Iodides; Iodine; Methylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Body Fluids; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Methylthiouracil; Steroids; Thiouracil; Urine

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Methylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Miliary

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Neoplasms; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Follow-Up Studies; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Patient Selection; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Iodides; Iodine; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Methylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Edema; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Myxedema; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Methylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Agranulocytosis; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Pituitary Gland; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Thiouracil

Topics: Disease Management; Goiter; Graves Disease; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Antithyroid Agents; Graves Disease; Thiouracil

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Iodides; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroidectomy

Topics: Anemia; Estrogens; Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Liver; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Methylthiouracil; Sulfanilamide; Sulfanilamides; Sulfonamides; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Chronic Disease; Goiter; Graves Disease; Recurrence; Thiouracil

Topics: Electrocardiography; Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Thiouracil; Thiourea

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Thiouracil; Thiourea

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Graves Ophthalmopathy; Humans; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Thiouracil; Thiourea; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Endocrine System Diseases; Graves Disease; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Thiouracil; Thiourea; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Preoperative Care; Syphilis; Thiouracil; Thyroid Diseases

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Propylthiouracil; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Pituitary Diseases; Pituitary Gland; Thiouracil

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Liver; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyroidectomy; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Goiter; Goiter, Nodular; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotoxicosis

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Thiouracil

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Humans; Hypertrophy; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Exophthalmos; Goiter; Graves Disease; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland; Viscera

Topics: Graves Disease; Thiouracil

Topics: Graves Disease; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Thiouracil; Thyroid Gland