thiopental and Substance-Related-Disorders

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Animals; Blood; Cardiovascular System; Digestive System; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Injections; Kidney; Liver; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pentazocine; Preanesthetic Medication; Pregnancy; Respiration; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental

A case is presented involving a young woman on several illicit drugs (heroin, cocaine and cannabis) as well as two medications and a solvent used for their anesthetic and narcotic properties: thiopental, ketamine and chloroform. This complex drug use was supported by hair analysis over a 10.5 cm segment of the hair taken at autopsy. The average measured concentrations in hair were: thiopental = 5.3 ng/mg, pentobarbital = 10.0 ng/mg, ketamine = 11.3 ng/mg norketamine = 1.0 ng/mg, diazepam = 1.2 ng/mg, nordiazepam = 0.1 ng/mg, 6-acetylmorphine = 4.4 ng/mg, morphine = 3.4 ng/mg, codeine = 1.2 ng/mg, cocaine = 5.5 ng/mg, benzoylecgonine = 1.5 ng/mg and methylecgonine ester = 1.0 ng/mg. While the ketamine/norketamine ratio is consistent with that already reported on drug detection in hair, the thiopental/pentobarbital ratio seems to be inverted.

Topics: Adult; Cannabinoids; Chloroform; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cocaine; Fatal Outcome; Female; Forensic Medicine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hair; Heroin; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Ketamine; Substance Abuse Detection; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental

Acute vascular insufficiency following intra-arterial injection of a variety of drugs has been recognized for many years. The present study addresses the hypothesis that this vascular insufficiency may be due to vasospasm. Intra-arterial injections of logarithmic doses of drugs of abuse from the barbiturate, narcotic, non-narcotic analgesic, and amphetamine groups were studied in baboons. All drugs except amphetamine produced significant increases in femoral flow. Dextroamphetamine produced insignificant alteration in flow. Solid excipients, cornstarch, and talcum powder when injected intra-arterially decreased flow, and vascular obstruction was shown angiographically. These data suggest that vasospasm is not a primary response of intra-arterial injection of drugs of abuse.

Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Dextroamphetamine; Dextropropoxyphene; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excipients; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Male; Methadone; Papio; Pentazocine; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental

Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antitussive Agents; Body Weight; Cardiovascular System; Constriction; Digestive System; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Meperidine; Methods; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Piperidines; Pupil; Rats; Respiration; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental

Topics: Alcoholism; Alcohols; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Barbiturates; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Ether; Methohexital; Methoxyflurane; Morphine; Rats; Research; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental; Toxicology

Topics: Animals; Barbiturates; Female; Hexobarbital; Humans; Male; Mental Health Services; Psychotherapy; Rats; Sex Characteristics; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental

Topics: Barbital; Mental Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiopental