thiobarbituric-acid and Hypercholesterolemia

This study was carried out to investigate whether dietary vitamin E and ferulic acid (FA) can exert possible interactions on preventions of hypercholesterolemia and atherogenic lesion formation in C57BL/65 apolipoprotein E-deficient (apo E(-/-)) mice. Four-week-old male apo E(-/-) mice were randomly divided into three groups and given one of three types of Western diets with various amounts of vitamin E (0.02%, 0%, or 0.2%) for 15 weeks. FA was added to vitamin E-free Western diet and vitamin E-rich Western diet at the 0.02% level. The plasma total cholesterol concentration was significantly lowered when FA was added to the vitamin E-free and vitamin E-rich Western diet as compared to the normal vitamin E Western diet (0.02% vitamin E), and this was accompanied with a decreased hepatic acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity. The hepatic and erythrocyte thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels were significantly lowered when FA was added to the vitamin E-rich Western diet, which was attributable to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and paraoxonase. Accordingly, vitamin E and/or FA are beneficial for prevention of hypercholesterolemia and atherogenesis in apo E(-/-) mice. In particular, dietary FA exhibited an anti-atherosclerotic property, and this effect was synergistically enhanced with the vitamin E supplement.

Topics: Acyl Coenzyme A; Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Antioxidants; Apolipoproteins E; Arteriosclerosis; Coumaric Acids; Diet; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hypercholesterolemia; Lipids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Sterol O-Acyltransferase; Thiobarbiturates; Vitamin E

Our investigations was to estimate the influence of Aronia anthocyanins (Aronox by Agropharm) on selected parameters of oxidative and antioxidative balance as well as on the concentration of selected metals in red blood cells in men with hipercholesterolaemia.. 16 men aged 27 +/- 6.4 years old with blood cholesterol concentration on the level of 205-250 mg/dl took 240 mg of anthocyanins a day for 30 days. Before and after the period of anthocyanins administration a blood sample was taken and following parameters were estimated: lead, aluminium, cooper and zinc concentration in erythrocytes with the method of atomic emission spectrometry with induced coupling plasma (AES-ICP), concentration of substances reacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in hemolysate.. 30 days long administration of 240 mg of anthocyanins a day, caused a substantial increase of glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. The lead, aluminium and cooper concentration was decreased while zinc concentration in red blood cells was increased.

Topics: Adult; Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Male; Oxidative Stress; Photinia; Phytotherapy; Thiobarbiturates; Trace Elements; Treatment Outcome

In vitro oxidation of plasma lipoproteins, derived from either normolipidemic or hypercholesterolemic subjects, was performed in the presence of copper ions. Following this procedure, hypercholesterolemic low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) demonstrated greater propensity for oxidation than the corresponding normocholesterolemic lipoproteins. The oxidation was determined by the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), which was 44%, 71%, and 54% greater in the patients' VLDL, LDL, and HDL in comparison to the normocholesterolemic lipoproteins, respectively. An associated reduction in trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) reactivity in the patients' lipoproteins was noted. These changes were consistent whether expressed per lipoprotein protein or per concentration. Macrophage cholesterol esterification induced by oxidized LDL was substantially increased (up to 59%) when patients' lipoproteins were used, in comparison to control lipoproteins. A positive correlation was present between the LDL cholesterol to protein ratio, the extent of lipoprotein oxidation, and macrophage uptake of the oxidized lipoproteins. The lipoprotein content of pro-oxidant and antioxidant constituents was also analyzed. No measurable ferric or copper ions could be found in association with any of the lipoproteins. However, arachidonic acid content of the patients' LDL was 10.1% +/- 1.0% in comparison to 6.2% +/- 0.8% of total lipoprotein fatty acids in the control group (n = 5). Antioxidants such as vitamin E and carotenoids were significantly reduced in all patients' lipoproteins compared with those of controls. Thus, we suggest that increased cholesterol and arachidonic acid content and reduced concentration of antioxidants in lipoproteins of hypercholesterolemic patients may be responsible for the enhanced propensity for oxidation observed in these lipoproteins.

Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Lipoproteins; Lipoproteins, LDL; Macrophages; Oxidation-Reduction; Reference Values; Thiobarbiturates; Time Factors

Patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIA) were previously shown to have high plasma values of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS). To study whether these changes could be related to platelet activability, TBA-RS was investigated in 24 TIA patients before and 24 h after 1 g aspirin, an inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase pathway. Baseline TBA-RS values were significantly higher in TIA than in controls. Conversely, TIA patients had TBA-RS values after aspirin similar to controls, suggesting that the increase of plasma TBA-RS was not attributable to platelet hyperfunction. The evaluation of metabolic profile showed that patients with highest TBA-RS had hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and/or diabetes mellitus. This study suggests that the increase of plasma TBA-RS in TIA could be an epiphenomenon of altered metabolic pathway.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Arteriosclerosis; Aspirin; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Coronary Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Middle Aged; Thiobarbiturates